Student in BLDEA s Dr. P. G. Halakatti CET Vijayapur, VTU Belagavi

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1 Design and Analysis of Archimedes Wind Turbine R. K. Kanakaraddi 1, Shivaraj R. Patil 2, Chandan Hooli 3 1 Asst. professor BLDEA s Dr. P. G. Halakatti CET Vijayapur, VTU Belagavi 2 Student in BLDEA s Dr. P. G. Halakatti CET Vijayapur, VTU Belagavi 3 Student in BLDEA s Dr. P. G. Halakatti CET Vijayapur, VTU Belagavi Abstract: wind energy is relatively mature technology with enormous potential for commercial. With high efficient, solid and reliable wind turbine, wind power offers a solution to meet energy needs and environmental care. This is a report on one of the developing wind turbine known as archimedes wind turbine. This type of horizontal axis wind turbine adopting the archimedes spiral blade is introduced for urban-use. This report represents the preliminary design of archimedean spiral type wind turbine with the aid of calculation and observations of various geometric parameters by cfd analysis. Based on the angular momentum conservation law, the design formula for the blade was derived using a variety of shape factors. The torque and power of the designed archimedes wind turbine were examined using computational fluid dynamics (cfd) simulations. The pressure and velocity counter were shown using ansys. The torque and power were calculated and tabled. Keywords- cfd, horizontal axis, turbine, ansysis and modeling I. I.INTRODUCTION To secure the energy supply and address the climate change, reductions of Green House Gas emissions, biodiversity protection, and development of renewable technologies, energy conservation and efficiency improvements are becoming increasingly important. Among the renewable resources, wind energy is a fairly established technology with huge possibility for commercialization and bulk production. The major application of wind power is electricity generation for large grid connected wind farms. Archimedes Spiral Type Wind Turbine is small scale horizontal Axis wind turbine designed on Archimedean spiral principles. It harvests energy from the wind by redirecting its flow 90 degrees relative to the original direction. Unlike traditional hwats, which use lift force to take power from wind energy, the Archimedes Spiral Wind Turbine uses both lift and drag force. It can utilize kinetic energy from wind energy. In particular, the advantage lies in the Archimedes Spiral Wind Turbine operating at low wind speeds II. LITERATURE REVIEW The Literature review was carried out throughout the schedule until the project s completion. It was done through web based research and manual study. The literature related to simulation and optimization was studied on the internet. Research on selection for design parameters for the turbine was carried out thoroughly. The development of wind power in India began in the 1986 with first wind farm being set up in coastal areas of Maharashtra, Gujarat and Tamil Nadu with 55KW wind turbine. The potential for wind farms in the country was first assessed by Dr.Jami Hossian. India has the fourth largest installed wind power capacity next to China, USA and Germany in the world.the capacity has significantly increased in the last few years.as of 31July 2016, The installed capacity of wind power in India was MW mainly spread across south, west and north regions. The major wind projects installed in Karnataka are Tuppadahalli Energy India PVT Ltd. (56.1MW), BESE Ltd (14MW) and Chitradugras and MMTCL (15MW), Sunjay D Ghodawat (10.8mw) in Gadag. III. AIM AND OBJECTIVES Aim is to develop small wind turbine for urban environment.the turbine will be designed to operate as roof top mounted installations on domestic buildings which is economically sustainable. To provide decentralized energy supply to agriculture, industry, commercial and household sector.to supplement efforts in bridging the gap between demand and supply of power, with renewable energy source. IV. MODELLING AND ANALYSIS PROCEDURE Archimedes wind turbine is designed using software called solidworks. Archimedes wind turbine mainly consists of Rotor blade 1818

2 Frame Base Fig.1 rotor blade Fig.2 swept cut of blade Fig. 3 Archimedes Rotor Fig.4 Base 1819

3 Fig. 5 Assembled turbine Fig.6 Turbine mesh Fig.7 Iterations with Torque calculation Fig.8 Pressure counters 1820

4 Fig 9 Velocity Streamlines Fig. 10 Air particles moving trough stream lines. A.Archimedes rotor blade design procedures are as follows First step is to run solidworks and then select the respective plan. After selecting the plane choose sketch and then circle of radius 10mm is drawn in top plane. Afterwards using extrude feature increase the length to 1170 mm. When extrude operation is completed shaft is prepared. Again front plane is selected and sketch operation is performed. In front plane at 170 degree a rectangle is drawn from centre of shaft of length 750mm and of thickness 3mm. hen select top plane using plane feature lift the top plane which must be parallel to the rectangular section as drawn in 2nd step. Then a circle is drawn on respective plane which must coincide with rectangle. Using Helix feature a helix is drawn from the coincide point. And the helix can be adjusted according to the shaft length. Now using swept Bose\base feature the lower line of rectangle and helix is selected and hence blade is formed on shaft. To give the exact profile(shape) again front plane is selected in then sketch is selected from starting point in top of shaft to end of the blade in bottom a cross line is drawn. From bottom a straight line is drawn which must be perpendicular to the top point and the join the top point with straight line which must looks like a triangle. Using swept cut command, triangle and the shaft axis is selected to perform the swept cut operation And hence a blade is formed. Now using circular pattern command the other left two blades are prepared with 120 degree difference. Hence we get three blade horizontal wind rotor know as Archimedes Wind Rotor. B. Tip Speed Ratio The tip speed ratio is the ratio of the blade tip speed over wind speed. It is a significant parameter for wind turbine design and its definition is shown in the equation below Equation for Tip Speed Ratio λ= ω*r/(v0) ω = Angular Velocity of the wind turbine rotor. R = Radius of the rotor. 1821

5 V0= Wind Speed. A higher tip speed ratio generally indicates higher efficiency. The relationship between rotational speed and tip speed ratio is shown in below equation λ=2πnr/ (60*V0) N = Rotational Speed of the rotor. R = Radius of the rotor. V0=Wind Speed Thus, an inverse relationship between the rotational speed and the blade span can give the required speed. Due to the same ratio, a blade with big span has a low rotational speed. C. Power and Torque In reality, a wind turbine cannot derive all the wind power from wind stream when it passes through the rotor of the wind turbine, which means that some part of the kinetic energy of the wind is transferred to the rotor and the rest of the energy leaves the rotor. Therefore the amount of wind energy which is converted to the mechanical power by the rotor is defined as the efficiency that is usually termed as the power coefficient. Cp=τ*ω/(0.5*ρ*A*V3) Where. τ =Torque. ω=angular Velocity. A=Cross-Sectional Area of the Blade. V=WIND SPEED. V. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION TABLE.9.1 POWER DEVELOPED WITH VARIOUS VELOCITY Velocity(m/s) Power for 0.75m Diameter(Watt) Power for 1.5m Diameter(Watt) Here from the above table we can observe that as the wind velocity increase, the power extracted by the blade increases. Thus we can generate more power with increased wind velocity. Also for different diameters we get different power production. As it is observed from above table if the diameter increases, the power production increases because the swept area of the rotor blade increases. As the swept area of the blade increase it extracts more kinetic energy from the wind. Hence the rotor speed increase and then the power production increases. A. Advantages It use both lift and drag forces. It can be installed with less height from ground. It is more efficient that other types OF SMALL WIND TURBINE. B. Applications It can be installed in the home for continuous power supply. This turbine can be used in many fields like city road lighting and mobile communication base station, battery charging station for cars, etc. It can be located in areas where the power connection is not available. 1822

6 VI. CONCLUSION When the inflow velocity increase, the pressure differences becomes larger. The pressure difference is large at the blade tip, but small at the root region. This means that most of energy can be extracted near the blade tip like a three blade Horizontal axis wind turbine. Through wind tunnel analysis, the higher output power as a function of rotational velocity then design specification was determined successfully. The Archimedes spiral wind turbine model employed in this study from wind energy seems to have high efficiency between the small wind turbine models. REFERENCES [1] Peter Zhang, Stefan Gsanger, Small Wind World World Wind Energy Association, March, 2012 [2] India Wind Energy Projects, Companies, Research, Data, Statistics Energy Alternatives India EAI in retrieved in Wikipedia. [3] Small Wind World Report Summary 2012; World Wind Energy Association: Bonn, Germany, [4] Renewable 2011 Global Status Report; Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century (REN 21): Paris, France, July [5] Bahaj, A.S.; Myers, L.; James, P.A.B. Urban energy generation: Influence of micro-wind turbine output on electricity consumption in buildings. Energy Build. 2007, 39, [6] Ahmed, N.A. A novel small scale efficient wind turbine for power generation. Renew. Energy 2013, 57, [7] imic, Z.; Havelka, J.G.; Vrhovcak, M.B. Small wind turbines A unique segment of the wind power market. Renew. Energy 2013, 50, [8] Bortolini, M.; Gamberi, M.; Graziani, A.; Manzini, R.; Pilati, F. Performance and viability analysis of small wind turbines in the European Union. Renew. Energy 2014, 62, [9] Arifujjaman, M.; Iqbal, M.T.; Quaicoe, J.E. Energy capture by a small wind-energy conversion system. Appl. Energy 2008, 85, [10] Howell, R.; Qin, N.; Edwards, J.; Durrani, N. Wind tunnel and numerical study of a small vertical axis wind turbine. Renew. Energy 2010, 35, [11] Arens, E.A.; Williams, P.B. The effect of wind on energy consumption in buildings. Energy Build. 1977, 1, [12] Balduzzi, F.; Bianchini, A.; Carnevale, E.A.; Ferrari, L.; Magnani, S. Feasibility analysis of a Darrieus vertical-axis wind turbine installation in the rooftop of a building. Appl. Energy 2012, 97,