HP4NZEB, Finland. IEA HPP Annex 40 N 15

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1 IEA HPP Annex 40 N 15 HP4NZEB, Finland Jussi Hirvonen Excecutive Director Finnish Heat Pump Association SULPU ry, Lustetie 9, Vantaa, Finland, Tel , jussi.hirvonen@sulpu.fi Finland Russia Germany

2 TT/SDFL EU RES- directive, The plan for Finland 2020 Renewable More RES 2020 In practice Bio Wind Heat Pumps Others Traffic Total 18 TWh/a 6 TWh/a 6 TWh/a 2 TWh/a 6 TWh/a 38 TWh/a A lot of heat and power plants from fossile fuels to wood chips and pellets 800 windmills 3 MW each Heat pumps > pcs (2 TWh/a => 8 TWh/a) Additional hydropower, usage of wood chips and pellets in small houses, solar, bio gas Mixing of Ethanolin ja Biodiesel in traffic fuels (20%) RES from 28,5% to 38 %. Corresponds annual energy production of 10 Loviisa nuclear power units (470 MW)!

3 pcs Finland, Installed Heat Pumps in pcs

4 Finland, Installed Heat Pumps in million euros (End Customer Prices as Installed incl. VAT) M Average end customer price: GSHP ExHP AWHP AAHP 1.800

5 Heating systems of the new houses ( pcs/2011) market shares % % 100 District heating +bio Direct Electricity Waterbased electricity 50 Oil Exhaust HP GCHP

6 Replacement market Oil heated houses Water based electric heated houses Direct electric heated houses Free time houses (electricity) Big estates outside district heating (oil, electricity, wood) =========================== houses potential for heat pumps bio/pellets district heating Solar? (not big issue in Finnish climate)

7 1 million Heat Pumps 2020 poduce over 8 TWH/a RES The estimated added 6TWh/a RES potential for heat pumps in 2020 may even be a cautious estimate. The yet undefined RES calculation formulas for heat pumps will have an impact of numerous terawatts. The prevailing fear in the industry as well as the stop-go and irrational subsidy policies may cause the growth factor for heat pumps to even fall. Total amount of HPs (ILP= AAHP, IVLP= AWHP, PILP, Exhaust HP, MLP=LWHP) The actual potential of heat pumps is, however, much greater than envisioned. The implementation of the rest of this renewable energy package will, in after all, raise the price of energy more than anyone is willing to believe. The competitiveness of heat pumps will furthermore improve.

8 National project HP4NZEB Project under construction Partner candidates: Project Aalto University (Kai Siren) VTT Technical Research Center of Finland (Riikka Holopainen, Miimu Airaksinen) Greennet Finland Oy (Suvi Häkämies) Finnish Heat Pump Association SULPU ry Finnish Construction and HP Industry (Heikki Lamminaho) KES, Financing (Arto Kotipelto) Finnish Climate, Energy and Construction Environment Emulation and simulation of NZEB -projects by Aalto University Wood building project (?) Field tests (?) 8

9 Research in the field of Energy Solutions for Low- and NZEB buildings Research group for HVAC-technology Department for Energy Technology Aalto University, Finland

10 Current research topics Combining energy simulation with multiobjective optimisation Development of evolutionary algorithms for multiobjective optimisation Mismatch problem in local generation of renewable energies Achieving cost optimality in NZEB buildings Micro cogeneration in NZEB buildings Energy solutions for zero energy communities

11 Recent publications Palonen, Matti; Hasan, Ala; Sirén, Kai; A genetic algorithm for optimization of building envelope and HVAC system parameters. Building Simulation 2009, Glasgow, Scotland, July, p. Hassan, Mohamed; Hasan, Ala; Sirén, Kai; Combination of optimisation algorithms for a multi-objective building design problem. Building Simulation 2009, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, July p. Hamdy, Mohamed; Hasan, Ala; Siren, Kai; Applying a multi-objective optimization approach for Design of low-emission cost-effective dwellings. Building and Environment 46 (2011) Issue: 1, Hamdy, Mohamed; Hasan, Ala; Sirén Kai; Impact of adaptive thermal comfort criteria on building energy use and cooling equipment size using a multi-objective optimization scheme. Energy and Buildings, 43 (2011), Sunliang Cao, Ala Hasan, Kai Sirén; Analysis and solution of the renewable energy load matching for a single family house. Energy and Buildings (submitted) Salminen Markku, Palonen Matti, Sirén Kai; Combined energy simulation and multi-criteria optimisation of a LEED-certified building. Building Simulation and Optimization (BSO12). IBPSA-England, Loughborough University, UK. Mohamed Hamdy, Matti Palonen, Ala Hasan. Implementation of Pareto-Archive NSGA-II Algorithms to a nearly-zero-energy Building Optimization Problem. Building Simulation and Optimization (BSO12). IBPSA-England, Loughborough University, UK.

12 COMPUTATIONAL TOOLS IDA-ICE, energy and indoor environment simulation of buildings TRNSYS, transient simulation environment for building energy systems NSGA II, Genetic Algorithm for multi-objective optimisation problems

13 Fully combined simulation and optimisation Simulation: IDA-ICE Optimisation: Genetic Algorithm (MATLAB) Start Simulation IDA-ICE Energy CO2 PPD New decision variables. Investme nt LCC Optimisation MATLAB GA yes Min F(x)? no End

14 Low-temperature Storage 350 l High-temperature Storage 3 50 l PCM Storage 350 l NZEB emulator (under construction) used to emulate Nearly Zero Energy Buildings energy production and storage equipment is real building is simulated enables flexible change of building and its properties FE FE FE Resistive heater FE FE FE FE FE FE FE TC Flat-plate collector Solar thermal GSHP Evacuated Evacuated tube tube collector FE FIC FE FIC Heating System performance TIC TIC F a n 3Brine kstorage W Tank 0.4 m 3 Heater 3kW DHW profile Computer simulation of the House Electricity consumption profile USB data Local weather station

15 PW ofthe building-envelope parameters and heat-recovery unit [ /m 2 ] An example of optimisation of NZEB building structures and HVAC systems using integrated simulation and GA All evaluations Optimal building designs (Group 1) Optimal building designs (Group 2) Space-heating energy demand [kwh/m 2 a]