IEA HIA Task 33. Local Hydrogen Supply for Energy Applications. Øystein Ulleberg Task 33 Operating Agent

Transcription

1 H Y D R O G E N I M P L E M E N T I N G A G R E E M E N T IEA HIA Task 33 Local Hydrogen Supply for Energy Applications Øystein Ulleberg Task 33 Operating Agent Institute for Energy Technology Kjeller, NORWAY WHEC 2014, 16 June 2014, Gwangju

2 Objectives & Goals Objective Provide an unbiased evaluation of the various pathways for local hydrogen supply Sub Goals (Subtasks) 1. Assess local H2 supply systems and on-site H2-production technologies 2. Monitor, review, and evaluate new on-site H2-production technologies & system concepts 3. Study barriers & opportunities for local H2 energy supply in existing and future energy markets

3 Scope of Work Local Hydrogen Supply Harmonize End Users Monitor, Assess, Review Recomme d Gas Companies Car Companies Technology Suppliers Reformers Electrolysers

4 Participants

5 Participants Participant Organization Country Category 1 Akira Obuchi Mitsubishi Kakoki Kaisha Japan Reformers 2 Andrew Murphy Shell UK End User (Gas) 3 Christian Hulteberg Lund University Sweden Research 4 Dick Lieftink HyGear Netherlands Reformers 5 Everett Anderson Proton Onsite USA Electrolyzers 6 Francisco Carranza Nissan Europe End User (Cars) 7 Fredrik Silversand Catator AB Sweden Reformers 8 Georgios Tsotridis Joint Research Centre EU Research 9 Jacques Saint-Just GDF SUEZ France End User (Energy) 10 John Bøgild Hansen Haldor Topsö Denmark Reformers 11 Magdy Meimari Air Liquide France End User (Gas) 12 Ralph Stauß Mahler Germany Reformers 13 Roel De Maeyer Hydrogenics Belgium Electrolyzers 14 Øystein Ulleberg Institute for Energy Technology Norway Research

6 Subtasks 1. Technology Assessment 2. New Concepts 3. Barriers & Opportunities

7 Subtask 1 Technology Assessment Goal: Assess technological and economic level of available on-site H2 supply (<1000 kg/day) Activities: Evaluate System Design & Operation Evaluate Costs Leader: Everett Anderson, Proton Onsite, USA

8 Subtask 1 Technology Assessment Reformers (Small-scale, on-site) Small: Nm 3 /h (proven technology) Medium: >250 Nm 3 /h (under development)

9 Subtask 1 Technology Assessment Small-Scale Reformers Commercially available systems: Nm 3 /h Under development: More flexible systems designs wrt. hydrogen production capacity (1-50 Nm 3 /h) CAPEX depends mainly on sales volumes, while OPEX depends mainly on the fuel price Key Message: Costs can be reduced by using less materials and by making systems more compact

10 Subtask 1 Technology Assessment Alkaline Water Electrolyzers Energy consumption: ca. 60 kwh/kg System Costs (160 kg/day) BoP: Process equipment, lye cooling, H2-purification

11 Subtask 1 Technology Assessment Alkaline Water Electrolyzers Small and modular systems(15-60 Nm 3 /h) are commercially available Several MW installations installed (multiple units) Significant cost reductions still possible in all parts of systems, particularly on new stack materials Key Message Significant cost reductions for alkaline water electrolysers can be made on both system and component level

12 Subtask 1 Technology Assessment PEM Water Electrolyzers System Costs (65 kg/day) MEA & semi-precious materials = 40% of stack cost Flow fields & separators = ca. 60% of stack cost

13 Subtask 1 Technology Assessment PEM Water Electrolyzers Efficient (70-80%) & durable (> hours) stacks have been validated in small systems (10 Nm 3 /h) Larger stacks for MW systems are under development Significant cost reductions (40%) in next generation Key Message A new generation of PEM water electrolyzers that can run at overcapacity must be developed for integration with RE power systems

14 Subtask 2 New Concepts Goal Monitor and review new system concepts and technologies Activities: Study fuel feedstock options and hydrogen production technologies Assess future demands on hydrogen quality Evaluate next generation technologies Leader Christian Hulteberg, Lund University, Sweden

15 Subtask 2 New Concepts Many PtG-concepts under development; concepts with low temperature water electrolysis yield low overall efficiency CAPEX of water electrolyzers must come down with a factor of five Key Message: Focus on new concepts and processes with the potential for the highest overall efficiency

16 Subtask 2 New Concept Example 1 Renewable fuel (SNG) production with SOECs 80% efficiency CH 4 + CO H 2 O + El 2 CH 4 + H 2 O + 2 O 2

17 Subtask 2 New Concept Example 2 Co-production of H 2, CO 2 & electricity with SER 70% efficiency

18 Subtask 3 Barriers and Opportunities Goal: Develop concepts for harmonization of technologies for local H2-supply Activities: Study barriers & opportunities Develop new business cases Study standards and their relevance to technology Leader: Magdy Meimari, Air Liquide, France

19 Subtask 3 Barriers and Opportunities Technical factors Utilization profile, operation strategy, utilities, capacities, pressure ratings etc. Economic & External factors Gas company presence, environmental impact, regulatory issues, safety etc.

20 Subtask 3 Barriers & Opportunities Existing hydrogen quality standard for FCEVs are very strict on the cross impurities Gas impurities (e.g., CO) after reformer/psa are typically in the range from ppm Key Message: The existing hydrogen quality standard for FCEVs is too strict for local HRS, and should be revised

21 Proposal for new subtask Harmonization of Testing Protocols for Electrolysers

22 H Y D R O G E N I M P L E M E N T I N G A G R E E M E N T IEA HIA Task 33 Local Hydrogen Supply A premier global resource for technical expertise in H2 RD&D Øystein Ulleberg Task 33 Operating Agent oysteinu@ife.no Thank you very much!