6/6 Zoom out from centre. 8/14 Pan right zoom in bottom right 10/24 Zoom in center

Transcription

1 Narrative 1. Canada s first involvement in nuclear activity was a partnership with Britain and the United States during World War 2 Time (secs) / elapsed Start Image End Image Motion 6/6 Zoom centre 2. After the end of the war, the interest in nuclear warfare diminished, and Canada begin searching for peaceful uses of nuclear technology 3. The beginning of the CANDU Reactor started with a partnership between Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, and Canadian General Electric 8/14 Pan zoom in 10/24 Zoom in center

2 4. Using the heavy water that was brought over Britain during the war, Canadian scientists designed a heavy water nuclear reactor 8/32 Pan down 5. CANDU uses two key substances, deuterium oxide, or heavy water, as the coolant 6/38 Zoom in top

3 6. and natural uranium as fuel 4/42 Zoom into centre 7. The differences between heavy water and light water are important to the success of CANDU 5/47 Pan 8. Heavy water, D 2 0, is 8 times worse than light water, H 2 0, at slowing down neutrons 9/56 Zoom centre

4 9. This allows natural uranium to be used in the reactor and still reach criticality. Light water reactors require refined uranium, which is more costly. 10/ 1:06 Pan top left 10. In order for uranium to be used in CANDU reactors, it must be mined. This is done in Northern Saskatchewan 8/1:14 Pan and zoom to

5 11. The natural uranium is reduced to uranium dioxide, a black powder. 5/1:19 Pan top left to 12. This powder is pressed into cylindrical pellets of a centimeter in height and diameter 13. The pellets are put into 50 centimeter long zircaloy tubes which are capped and welded to form a tight seal. 14. Ab 37 tubes are put into a CANDU reactor, each with a mass of 20 kilograms. 6/1:25 Zoom in 8/1:33 Pan and zoom to left 7/1:40 Pan and zoom

6 15. The CANDU calandria is horizontal, so fuel is inserted and discarded on the left and 7/1:47 Zoom 16. Because CANDU uses heavy water, the reactor does not need to be shut down to be refueled 6/1:53 Zoom in left 17. Instead, two identical machines are put on either side of the calandria, one refueling, and the other receiving and discarding fuel bundles. 9/2:02 Zoom 18. An advantage to this system is that defective fuel can be detected and removed quickly. 6/2:08 Zoom left

7 19. The process of creating electricity in the CANDU reactor is fairly straight forward 6/2:14 Zoom in on centre 20. First, the fuel bundles are inserted into the calandria 5/2:19 Zoom head 21. The calandria is then filled with heavy water, and fission occurs 6/2:25 Zoom text to image 22. Fission in the uranium releases energy in the form of heat. This energy is used to heat up more heavy water 7/2:32 Zoom text to image

8 23. The hot heavy water creates steam which heats light water. 5/2:37 Zoom in text to image 24. Steam the light water turns the turbines to create electricity 5/2:42 Zoom text to image 25. After a uranium bundle is used up, it is put into a tank of water to cool down. The water also absorbs radiation. 8/2:50 Zoom top left

9 26. The CANDU reactor is controlled a control room. Two computers are set up, both running at the same time. However, one is only used as a back up 10/3:00 Zoom head 27. Because CANDU is a nuclear reactor, it produces electricity with polluting the air. Nuclear energy is therefore considered clean energy 28. With nuclear energy for forty years, 2 billion extra tonnes of carbon dioxide would have been let into the atmosphere. 9/3:09 Pan 9/3:18 Zoom CN tower

10 29. Though nuclear energy is said to be dangerous, CANDU is known to be one of the safest reactors in the world 8/3:26 Zoom 30. This is because it has two ways to shut down the reactor in two seconds. 31. Drop rods use gravity to fall into the reactor and cut off fission 5/3:31 Zoom centre 4/3:35 Zoom in on control rods 32. The other shut off system injects liquid poison into the reactor to stop fission. 5/3:40 Pan to left

11 33. CANDU is very careful to prevent radiation poisoning the public. 5/3:45 Pan top to 34. It follows Canadian regulations, which are very strict. CANDU is only allowed to put one third more radiation than someone would normally get 35. This is 700 times less than a harmful dosage 9/3:54 Pan top left to 6/4:00 Zoom

12 36. Though CANDU has had two accidents, it was before the development of the shut down systems. Still, no member of the public has been harmed 10/4:10 Zoom top corner 37. Many important scientists have contribute to CANDU 4/4:14 Zoom TEAM 38. One of them is Harry Thode, who was born in Dundurn, Saskatchewan and worked with heavy water in Montreal 6/4:20 pan to top

13 39. Thode also built Canada s first mass spectrometer to measure the mass of isotopes. 6/4:26 Zoom centre 40. Wilfrid Bennett Lewis also worked for CANDU for almost 50 years 4/4:30 Zoom in on face

14 41. He was born in England, but moved to Canada to work at Chalk River 4/4:34 Zoom centre 42. Lewis was the one who decided that the CANDU calandria should be horizontally oriented 6/4:40 Zoom people and pan up

15 43. Gordon Brooks was also a scientists who worked on CANDU 4/4:44 Zoom in on centre 44. He was born in Edmonton and worked at Chalk River. He also built Gentilly-1 a light water coolant reactor prototype. 7/4:51 Zoom centre

16 45. This prototype helped in the decision to use heavy water. 4/4:55 Zoom in on heavy water 46. The CANDU is a world class nuclear reactor providing millions of Canadians, and others abroad, with clean, safe electricity 10/5:05 Zoom Canada 1. Flag.jpg Canadian Flag Great Britain Flag United States Flag Ontario Hydro Logo General Electric Logo AECL logo

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18 Title slides to separate topics Bibliography slides