Coal Seams CO2 Sequestration in JAPAN

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1 Coal Seams CO2 Sequestration in JAPAN Gota Deguchi JCOAL, Japan Coal Energy Center Second International Forum on Geologic Sequestration of CO2 in Deep, Unmineable Coalseams Coal-Seq II March 6-7, 2003, Washington, D.C., USA

2 Japanese Target on Global Warming Under the Kyoto Protocol, Japan has a target to reduce GHG emission up to 6% relative to the levels pertaining in 1990, to be achieved on an annual basis from 2008 to CO 2 emissions originated by energy represent 90% of total greenhouse gases. CO2 Emission sourced by ENERGY, mt-c FY Existing Measure Additional Measure Reduce CO2 emission in energy sector into same level of 1990 by ( By METI)

3 Reduction of GHG Emission Achievement of Target Case ( 90 level) Energy Conservation Nuclear Power Generation New Energy & Renewable Energy Fuel Conversion of Power Generation More Reduction Reduction of Other CO2 GHG Forest Sink CDM, JI, Emission Trading Innovative Technology on Global Warming

4 Innovative Technology on Global Warming CO2 Fixation and Utilization Technology CO2 Separation and Capture CO2 Organic/Chemical Fixation and Utilization CO2 Sequestration in Deep Ocean Depleted Oil and Gas Reservoirs Deep Saline Reservoirs Unmineable Coal Seams (by IEA)

5 CO2 Sequestration and CH4 Recovery in Unmineable Coal Seam JCOAL CO2 Capture CO 2 Pipe Line CH 4 CO 2 CH4 Recovery Injection Shaft CH 4 Utilization Power Plant Drilling Drilling CO 2 CH 4 CO 2 Drilling Coal Seam

6 Possible Project Site in Japan Residual Estimated Mineable Reserve Estimated Total Coal Reserve Coal Bt CBM Bm ,540 CO2 Bm ,000 (10 (Bt) Bt) Ishikari Basin Naie 350MW Sunagawa 250MW Tomato-Atsuma 950MW Kushiro Basin Miike Basin Denpatsu-Matsuura Matsushima Matsuura Reihoku Minato Oomura 2,000MW 1,000MW 1,400MW 1,400MW 156MW 156MW Sakito Matsushima Basin Joban Basin Nakoso 1,450MW Haramachi 2,000MW Hitachi-Naka 1,000MW

7 R & D Project on CO2 Sequestration in Coal Seams JCOAL Funded by: METI Project Term : 5 years (JFY ) Total Budget : US$ 29 million (estimated) Budget in JFY2002 : US$ 2.1 million Purpose : Development of cost-effective CO2 sequestration technology in coal seams Contents: - Fundamental research work - Monitoring Technology - Cost reduction of CO2 capturing from flue gas - Economics - Micro pilot test

8 Structure of the project METI KEEC Kansai Environmental Engineering Center Co., Ltd. Economics R&D Item Fundamental Research Work Monitoring Technology Cost Reduction of CO2 Capturing from Flue Gas Micro Pilot Test Contractor Hokkaido Universities Akita University Kyoto University RITE KEEC etc. KEPCO MHI Waseda University KEEC JCOAL

9 Fundamental research work Mechanism of CH4 displacement with CO2 in coal sample (Hokkaido Univ.) Ideal condition of CO2 sequestration in coal seam - Adsorption isotherm including in supercritical condition (Kyoto Univ.) - Effect of CO2 injection/adsorption on coal (RITE) Simulation of CO2/CH4 behavior in coal seam (Akita Univ.)

10 Fundamental research work Adsorbed????? Gas n m3/ton (cc/g) CO2 Adsorption CH4 N ??? p b (atm) Pressure (atm) Typical result of the laboratory test on Akabira Coal (Ohga, Hokkaido Univ.)

11 Simulation Mine Gas Flow 3D 3D Stress Analysis Multi-component Multi-phase Permeability 3D Gas Flow Analysis Gas Emission Gas Drainage

12 Monitoring Technology Safety Local Environmental Impact Sequestration Effectiveness CO2 front/plume location Injection/Recover well condition - flow rate, pressure, gas concentration CO2 concentration and fluxes on the surface and in the soil Leakage up faults and fractures Ground water quality/quantity Ecosystem impact Microseismicity

13 Cost reduction of CO2 capturing from flue gas Flue Gas Chimney Boiler Flue Gass Flue Gas Separated from CO 2 CO 2 Experiment has being continued from 1991 Absorber Pilot plant Stripper ( NANKO Power Plant, Kansai Electric Power Co. )

14 Economics Potentiality of CO2 sequestration in Japanese coal reserve (Waseda Univ.) Cost performance of the total system including CO2 capturing, transportation and injection, and CH4 recovery Feasibility study of the business model Local issue and public acceptance

15 Micro pilot test Site proposed Hokkaido Ishikari Coal Basin Sapporo km

16 Micro pilot test - Schedule FY 02 FY 03 FY 04 FY 05 FY 06 Single-well Injection Multi-well Injection Midterm Evaluation Multi-well & CO2 Capturing Plant

17 Micro pilot test Layout of the test site CH4 CO2 Capturing System Flue Gas P GT/E G HE AB CO2 P CH4 Recovery Electric Power P: Compressor GT/E: Gas Turbine/Engine G: Generator HE: Heat Exchanger Coal Seam AB: Absorber Injection Hole CO2 CO2 Injection Recovery Hole CH4

18 Summary CO2 sequestration in coal seams has been taken up as innovative technology on global warming by METI. Japan has considerable amount of unmineable coal reserve to sequestrate CO2 as well as to develop ECBM. METI commenced new 5 years project for CO2 sequestration in coal seams from JFY2002 Contents of the project - Fundamental research work - Monitoring technology - Cost reduction of CO2 capturing from flue gas - Economics - Micro pilot test