Towards a rich Ems-estuary
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1 Towards a rich Ems-estuary Outer Ems opportunities part of The Rich Sea Nature Recovery Programme Michiel Firet, 22 febr. 2013
2 Imagine the Ems-estuary Zwanette Jager (
3 Outline of the presentation Mismatch Inspiration Co-creation
4 Zwanette Jager ( European flounder, Platichthys flesus
5 Zwanette Jager ( European smelt, Osmerus eperlanus
6 Estuaries, anthropocene ecosystems
7 Study area From a hydraulic and hydrological perspective, the outer tidal delta, seaward from the barrier islands, the tributaries and the river upstream of the weir are also included.
8 Poor in species, highly productive Estuary; high production, rich food supply import of organic matter from sea and river local primary production, fed by river-nutrients Diversity in habitats, combinations of different Waterbodies Intertidal areas Variation in salinity Variation in current velocity (or turbulence) Variation in elevation
9 Dollard, nursery Jelger Herder Jelger Herder
10 Turbidity maximum zone Location depents on: Morfology Characteristic tidal wave Waterdepth Surplus of fresh water
11 Tidal wave, tidal pumping Severn, photo Jamie Cooper Elbe, photo Deltanet
12 Morphology outer/middle estuary -- Sea-lane ; E Eb-chanel ; V Flood-chanel Removal of shallows Turning flood channels into navigation route From 2- to 1-gullysystem (since 1940 s) Increase tidal amplitude 1930 Emden 3m (peak) 1930 Papenburg 1,7m 2010 P burg 3,5m (peak) Increase tidal currence Net accretion (red) Net deepening (blue)
13 Quality estuarine habitats Good Intermediate Bad
14 Trend estuarine species Primairy producents Zooplankton Algea on mudflats 60% decrease lack of knowledge Hyperbentos Shrimps, crabs decrease Seagrass From 275 ha. in 2004 To00 0 ha. in 2008 Macrobenthos Mussel stable ± 200 ha. Fish Birds Mamals No suitable spawning habitat High mortality Negative trend Increase (eg knot) Decrease eg eider, c.tern Avocet on natural levl Breed. birds floodpl. neg. Increase comman seals Otter deserted
15 How can we help them? Jelger Herder Sportvisserij Nederland
16 Towards a rich Waddensea Waddensea, unique, Natural World Heritage Nature and co-use under pressure, i.e. dredging 2008 Dutch minister Verburg commissioned: a multi-year Nature Recovery Plan Waddensea Focus: Streamlining initiatives Seek new solutions Benefits for man and nature Learning by doing approach Target; Rich Sea, ecological & social-economical The process demands creativity and innovation
17 Ems Estuary; results so far Kennisdocument (knowledge-document); The ecological state of the Ems estuary and options for restoration (Bos et al 2012) current state of knowledge most urgent ecological problems, their causes and options for ecological restoration in the river Ems and its estuary Inspirationskarte + brochure Quickscan Menkemadam-initiative Support Platform Ems Naturlich Support Marconi-initiative Delfzijl
18 Options ecological improvement # Option In out Region Mechanism eff * ref ** Remarks 4 Shallows N.sea coastal zone in outer Minor damping of tidal energy Reduce width shipping lane in outer middle Increase hydraulic roughness (km s) Restore two gully system in outer Increases hydraulic roughness Moving backwards main dike out upper middle Enhance ebb currents, enlarge area estuarine habitat Conflicts with present landuse 13 Reconnect old meanders or tributaries out upper (middle) Increase hydraulic roughness, enlarge estuarine habitat Conflicts with shipping 14 Reduce depth of waterway in out upper (outer) With of without parallel chanel Permanent solution at high economical cost * ecological effectivity ** towards ecological reference
19 Map of inspiration - dialoque Map of inspiration The search of the golden ratio for the Ems-estuary Compass for natural dimensions
20 Criteria act upon the real causes vs act on symptoms of the problem Jelger Herder reducing tidal pumping improving swimway restoration estuarine gradients magnitude effect on ecological problem in direction natural reference support for implementation
21 Working with space and time Space km s Michiel Firet PRW Based on: Eilanden natuurlijk Expertteam Droge Wad Time - years
22 Focus on measures (draft; 1-5) 1. Adept natural depth outer estuary 2. Adept natural width outer & middle estuary 3. Reduce tide current velocity/power 4. Increase quality of habitats Herman Verheij here and now
23 Focus on measures (draft; 2-5) 1. Adept natural depth outer estuary - Regime shift in shipping policy - Innovation in shallow water transport 2. Adept natural width outer & middle estuary 3. Reducing incoming tide current velocity/power 4. Increase habitat-quality Thames 1840 Humber 1828 Note: these solutions are beyond the Rijke Waddenzee- assignment
24 Focus on measures (draft; 3-5) 1. Adept natural depth outer estuary 2. Adept natural width outer & middle estuary - Increase intertidal area - Moving main dikes 3. Reducing incoming tide current velocity/power 4. Increase habitat-quality Waterdunen Cindy Houben Gretha Klein Ikking Overdiepse polder, living on mounds
25 Focus on measures (draft; 4-5) 1. Adept natural depth outer estuary 2. Adept natural width outer & middle estuary 3. Reducing incoming tide current velocity/power - Tide mills - Reactivate Easter Ems - Reactivate Bocht van Watum - Reactivate tributaries - Ecodesign shipping lane (reducing width, more bents) - Seaweed-farms 4. Increase habitat-quality
26 Focus on measures (draft; 5-5) 1. Adept natural depth outer estuary 2. Adept natural width outer & middle estuary 3. Reducing incoming tide current velocity/power 4. Increase habitat-quality - Alternative swimway for diadromous fish in the Ems catchment area? - Increase of brackish zones (tributaries, outside) - Artificial 5-gully system Dollard - green dike concept Profile German Dollartdike Source Harry Schelfhout Deltares 1853 Herman Verheij
27 Dialogue and innovation Not simple at all Paradigma shift Impact on shipping Smart solutions Innovation wise-use Estuaries challenge Commitment Support Fish migration river Afsluitdijk
28 Agenda 2013 Act IMP/IBP, N2000, E&E, co-creation Develop a set of measures for the improvement of the ecological state of the Ems estuary. - supralocal - midterm - ecosystem driven - technical possible - financial possible - acceptable Who can help?
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CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program (ERP) The goal of the Ecosystem Restoration Program is to improve and increase aquatic and terrestrial habitats and improve ecological functions in the Bay-Delta to
CORAL REEFS. Coral reefs are home to many organisms Provide habitat and shelter for 25 percent of all fish species in the deeper parts of the ocean.
CORAL REEFS We have looked at the development of coral reefs starting with a volcanic island on which coral starts to appear. Coral is a kind of animal that needs to be in water. Being an animal, it also