UNRESTRICTED ILLIMITÉ Environmental Performance Chalk River Laboratories, 2018 March Report Availability of emissions data is outlined on each graph.

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1 UNRESTRICTED ILLIMITÉ Environmental Performance Chalk River Laboratories, 218 March Report Availability of emissions data is outlined on each graph. As an ISO 91:2 Quality Management Systems and ISO 141:24 Environmental Management Systems registered organization, CNL is committed to both studying and continuously improving the low impact of our operations on the environment. The Environmental Protection Program maintains a comprehensive effluent and environmental monitoring program of more than 4 sampling locations with approximately 3, analyses performed each year at our Chalk River Laboratories (CRL). Monitoring is regularly conducted on various media, including ambient air, surface water, vegetation, soil and sediments, and game animals, at various locations on and off the site. The Groundwater Monitoring Program (GWMP) conducts routine groundwater sampling at about 17 locations across the CRL site. The samples are analyzed for radionuclides, major ions, trace elements, and a very broad range of organic compounds. The organic analyses include bulk parameters (e.g. total organic carbon), analytical suites that include volatile and extractable hydrocarbons and halogenated hydrocarbons, and at targeted locations PCBs, dioxins, and furans. In total, the routine monitoring component of the GWMP provides determinations of the concentrations of about 5, parameters per year. The GWMP also includes a schedule of periodic update evaluations of groundwater flow systems around various facilities at CRL. Comparison of Radiation Sources Snapshot of Priority Emissions at CNL: Airborne Ar % DRL (217 Dec) Airborne NOx and SOx 215 Tonnes (217 Dec) Airborne Tritium.39 % DRL (217 Dec) Waterborne Tritium.8 % DRL (217 Dec) Source Amount Per Year (msv) Inside the Body (air radon) 2 Outer Space [Cosmic Rays] (5,-6, ft).55 Inside the Body (food and water).4 Medical X-Ray.4 Outer Space [Cosmic Rays] (sea level).26 Earth's Crust (sea level).23 Living in stone, brick, or concrete building.7 Airline Flight (round-trip cross-country).5 Watching TV.1.2 Airline Flight (per 1, miles flown).1 Computer Terminal.1 Luminous Wristwatch.6 Coal-Fired Power Plant (living within 5 miles).3 Nuclear Power Plant (living within 5 miles).9 Smoke Detector.8 Sources: National Council on Radiation Protection & Measurements (NCRP), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) CRL Environmental Performance Page 1

2 DEC 16 JAN 17 FEB 17 MAR 17 APR 17 MAY 17 JUN 17 JUL 17 AUG 17 SEP 17 OCT 17 N OV 17 DEC 17 % of Derived Release Limit % of Derived Release Limit Radiation Exposures to the Public Airborne and liquid emissions as well as the results from the environmental monitoring program and the GWMP are regularly submitted to the Canadian Nuclear Safety Commission (CNSC) as confirmation that we are operating safely. This information is also available to the public upon request and through other community relations initiatives. (Total maximum allowable limit = 1% of Derived Release Limit = 1 msv/year) DRL for Ar-41 = 4.26E+15 Bq/Week Data for 217 is estimated from the average of weekly releases to date and thus represent a predicted end of year average of weekly releases. Note that because the yearly data represents an average of weekly releases, the actual end of year average of weekly releases may be lower or higher than shown. The current DRLs referenced in CRL-592-RRD-1 are used in the below graphs. Ar-41 Airborne Effluents Ar-41 Monthly Airborne Effluents CRL Environmental Performance Page 2

3 % of Derived Release Limit Liquid Effluents (Dec) The increase in liquid effluents was related to a known event that occurred at the end of August 214. The event was not reportable to the CNSC, there were no limit exceedances and negligible impact to the public or to the environment. Airborne and liquid emissions as well as the results from the environmental monitoring program and the GWMP are regularly submitted to the CNSC as confirmation that we are operating safely. This information is also available to the public upon request and through other community relations initiatives. CRL Environmental Performance Page 3

4 Number Environmental Discharges The types of spills onsite at CRL include: Halocarbon Releases (as reported to Environment Canada under the Federal Halocarbon Regulations), insignificant radiological or non-radiological spills, spills to ground (non-reportable with negligible effect on the environment) and significant radiological or non-radiological spills to ground (reportable with some resulting effect on the environment). As part of continual improvement efforts, we regularly update an Environmental Risk Assessment of the CRL site, the objective of which is to quantify, using available data, the potential effects of operations and activities at the site, including effects on and off the site. This Environmental Risk Assessment then feeds into the continual improvement in design of our effluent and environmental monitoring programs Number of Spills Release of Halocarbons Insignificant spills to ground Significant spills to ground (Mar) Noted Trend: Insignificant Spills to Ground are spills that are easily remediated with no negative effect on the public or the environment. In 28, CNL CRL implemented a robust incident awareness and reporting program, which has in part resulted in a notable increase in the number of Insignificant Spills to Ground identified. There has also been an increase in the number of projects and activities carried out at CNL CRL contributing to the number of insignificant spills that occurred. CRL Environmental Performance Page 4

5 Tonnes Tonnes (CO 2 Equivalent) Non-Radiological Air Emission Limits Outlined in CRL s Site Licence The main stationary source of non-radiological emissions to air from CRL in 217 were from the burning of #6 fuel oil (Bunker C) and Natural Gas at the Powerhouse used to supply district heating and process steam to the main buildings on site. 217 saw the replacement of fuel oi to Natural Gas later in the year. The use of fuel oil will be solely for back-up purposes. Emissions limits are set in the CRL site licence for Criteria Air Contaminants (CACs) released from the Powerhouse stack: Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Sulphur Dioxide, (SO2) Total Particulate Matter (TPM), Particulate Matter <1µm (PM1), Particulate Matter <2.5µm (PM2.5) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), with the largest emissions being NOx and SO2. There have been no exceedances of these licence limits since their coming into force. The figure below illustrates these NOx and SO2 emissions over the past 12 years. The partial conversion of the use of # 6 fuel oil to the use of Natural Gas in the 217 CY resulted in a decrease of emissions. 3 Airborne Emissions of NOx and SO2 from the Powerhouse Stack Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) CRL is required to annually report its Greenhouse Gas (GHG) under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA) if the site releases 1, CO2e tonnes. This threshold was reduced from 5, CO2e tonnes to 1, CO2e tonnes for the 217 reporting year. Greenhouse Gas (GHG) emissions from CRL include carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and select hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Emissions are measured in CO2e and are primarily from the combustion of #6 fuel oil and natural gas for onsite heating with small contributions from the burning of propane, the burning of diesel in generators, the use of fuel by the on-site transportation fleet, releases from on-site landfills and other onsite industrial processes including fugitive emissions. CRL met the 1, CO2e tonnes reporting threshold for 217 (see graph below). 45, 4, Greenhouse Gas Emissions 25 35, NOx SO2 3, 25, 2, 15, 5 1, 5, CO2e (Carbon Dioxide Equivalent): A unit of measure used to compare between gases that have different Global Warming Potentials (GWP). For example, the GWP for methane is 25. This means that an emission of one tonne of methane is equivalent to the emission of 25 tonnes of carbon dioxide. CRL Environmental Performance Page 5

6 Tonnes Releases (Kg) Federal Halocarbon Regulations Separate to the GHG Reporting, releases of additional Ozone Depleting Substances (ODSs) are also reportable under the Federal Halocarbon Regulations (also under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA)) and include incidental releases of >1kg from Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Systems, Fire Extinguishing Systems, Solvent Systems and associated containers and devices. CNL s reportable releases are expressed below in kgs Halocarbon Releases HCFC R-22 HFC R- 134a Halon 131 HFC R- 41a HFC 47c National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) CRL reports annually to the National Pollutant Release Inventory (NPRI) as required under the Canadian Environmental Protection Act (CEPA). Criteria Air Contaminants (CACs) of interest under the NPRI which are released by CRL include: - Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx); - Sulphur Dioxide (SO2); - Total Particulate Matter (TPM); - Particulate Matter of 1 micron or less (PM1); - Particulate Matter of 2.5 micron or less (PM2.5); - Carbon Monoxide (CO); and, - Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs). Releases are a result of: the burning of fuels on site for heating and steam production; sand blasting activities; road dust emissions; solvent use, and the storage of petroleum fuel. See the graph below for CRL s emissions which met the reporting NPRI thresholds. With the change of The main site fuel source for heating changing from fuel oil to Natural Gas, it is expected that these emissions will decrease in 218. CRL Criteria Air Contaminants (CACs) Reported Under the NPRI NOx (NO2) SO2 TPM PM1 PM2.5 CRL Environmental Performance Page 6

7 Radioactive Air Environmental Monitoring Locations Outside CRL Boundary

8 Radioactive Liquid and Biological Environmental Monitoring Locations Outside CRL Boundary

9 Radioactive Environmental Monitoring Locations CRL Site and Boundary

10 KMC Little Rat Big Rat Legend Non-Radiological Monitoring Program Background Monitoring Location Surface Water Monitoring Location CRL Boundary Road Wetland Stream Waste Management Area Controlled Area 1 River/Stream Controlled Area 2 Ottawa River Maskinonge Upper Bass UBI Lower Bass Twin 233 No Name NoN MAR 1 2 DBS ESW SSW PL2 PL1 PCW Environmental Technologies Branch, CRL May 212 Map Toussaint Perch PL4 Non-Radioactive Environmental Monitoring Locations CRL Site and Boundary