Low Impact Development Construction, Inspection & Maintenance Field Handbook Edition 1.0 September 2016

Transcription

1 Low Impact Development Construction, Inspection & Maintenance Field Handbook Edition 1.0 September 2016 LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook I

2 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook CONTENTS Introduction... 1 Bioretention, Bioswale, Naturalized Drainage Way and Box Planter Facilities... 7 Visual Inspection... 9 Contributing Drainage Area (CDA)...11 CDA-1: Free of Debris, Trash, Leaf Fall...12 CDA-2: No Sources of Sediment Present...14 Pre-Treatment (PT)...17 PT 1: Requiring Clean-out...18 PT 2: Structural Integrity...20 Inlet (I)...23 I 1: Inlet Flow Capture...24 I 2: Inlet Obstruction...26 I 3: Inlet Erosion...28 I 4: Inlet Structural Integrity...30 Boundary Zone (BZ)...33 BZ-1: Facility Size Matches Design...34 BZ-2: Boundary Debris and/or Trash...36 BZ-3: Boundary Side-Slope Erosion...38 BZ-4: Planter Box Structural Integrity...40 BZ-5: Facility Enclosure...42 Bed and Vegetated Zone (BVZ)...45 BVZ-1: Evidence Amended Soil Does Not Meet Design...46 BVZ-2: Bed Zone Debris and/or Trash...48 BVZ-3: Bed Zone Erosion, Bare Patches or Sinking...50 BVZ-4: Bed Zone Sediment Accumulation...52 BVZ-5: Grade Control Structures...54 BVZ-6: Riprap Conditions...56 BVZ-7: Mulch Depth and Condition...58 BVZ-8: Plant Material Health...60 i

3 BVZ-9: Plant Material Density and Coverage...62 BVZ-10: Landscape Aesthetics...64 BVZ-11: Weeds and/or Invasive Species...66 Outlet Zone (OZ)...69 OZ-1: Underdrain, Clean-outs, Overflows...70 OZ-2: Outlet Obstruction...72 OZ-3: Outlet Structural Integrity...74 Facility Wide Inspections Performance Inspection (PI)...79 PI-1: CDA matches design...80 PI-2: Flow is Directed to Inlet...82 PI-3: Flow Distribution in Facility Bed...84 PI-4: Ponding Depth...86 PI-5: Drawdown Time and Standing Water...88 Winter Inspection (WI)...91 WI-1: CDA is Free of Sediment and Grit...92 WI-2: Facility is Not Being Used as Snow Storage...94 WI-3: Facility Has Not Been Damaged by Plows...96 WI-4: Flow Route to Facility is Clear...98 Permeable Pavement Visual Inspection Contributing Drainage Area (CDA) CDA-1: Free of Debris, Trash, Leaf Fall CDA-2: No Source of Sediment Present Surface (S) S-1: Uneven, Missing or Damaged Pavers S-2: Raveling, Cracks or Potholes S-3: Debris S-4: Sedimentation S-5: Debris and/or Sediment in Paver Joints S-6: Joint Aggregate Top-up S-7: Vegetation Coverage S-8: Weeds Performance Inspection (PI) PI-1: Standing Water and Infiltration Facility wide inspections Winter Inspections (WI) WI-1: CDA is Free of Sediment and Grit WI-2: Facility is Not Being Used as Snow Storage WI-3: Facility Has Not Been Damaged by Plows Acknowledgements References Appendix ii City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook iii

4 INTRODUCTION iv City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 1

5 In support of its commitment to the use of green infrastructure, the City of Edmonton has prepared guidelines for design 1 and for construction, inspection and long-term maintenance 2 of Low Impact Development (LID) facilities. This LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance (CIM) Handbook is intended as a companion to these guideline documents, providing illustrations of conditions that may be encountered and describing recommended actions to address unacceptable conditions. The target users of this Handbook are primarily inspectors (both those working for the City as well as for contractors and consultants) and other field personnel who are overseeing maintenance of LID facilities. As with the CIM Guide, five LID facility types are covered in the CIM Handbook; these are: 1. Bioretention; 2. Bioswale; 3. Box planter (contained planter; flow-through planter; infiltration planter; soil cell planter); 4. Naturalized drainage way; and 5. Permeable pavement (permeable asphalt; porous concrete; interlocking paver units; open-celled grid filled with either gravel or grass and soil media). Figure 2. Bioswale Inspection Zones Figure 1. Bioretention Inspection Zones 1 Low Impact Development Best Practices Design Guide v1.1 (2014) (the Design Guide). 2 Low Impact Development Construction, Inspection & Maintenance Guide Edition 1.0 (2016) (the CIM Guide). Figure 3. Box Planter Inspection Zones 2 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 3

6 In this CIM Handbook, a series of inspection items related to the maintenance of LID facilities as described in Tables 10 and 11 of the CIM Guide are provided. Two pages of the Handbook are devoted to each item, providing the following information on Visual and Performance Winter Inspection: On the even numbered page: A description of the inspection item A table describing correction triggers and associated recommended actions for four severity conditions (ranging from pass to severe ) On the odd numbered page: Photographs illustrating the four severity conditions Many of the photographs reference specific locations in and around LID facilities. Figures 1 through 5 show these locations. As with the CIM Guide itself, this CIM Handbook is a living document and will be updated as needed and as more experience is gained in LID installation. The CIM Handbook was prepared in July 2016 by Urban Systems Ltd. Most of the photographs in the Handbook are of LID facilities installed in Edmonton: these photos were primarily taken by City staff with additional photographs by Urban Systems. Others are cited* as required. Appropriate photos are still required in a number of sections. Any relevant photos are welcome and can be submitted to lid@edmonton.ca. Comments and questions regarding the CIM Handbook should be directed to lid@edmonton.ca. Figure 5. Permeable Pavement Inspection Zones Figure 4. Naturalized Drainage Way Inspection Zones 4 City of Edmonton *see References, page 145. LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 5

7 BIORETENTION, BIOSWALE, NATURALIZED DRAINAGE WAY AND BOX PLANTER FACILITIES 6 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 7

8 VISUAL INSPECTION 8 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 9

9 Contributing Drainage Area (CDA) Description: Contributing Drainage Area (CDA): the catchment area generating runoff which is conveyed via overland flow, channels and/or pipes to the LID facility. This may include sidewalks, roads, parking lots, lawns etc. Typically found in all LID facilities. Critical inspection items in this zone are debris and sources of sediment. 10 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 11

10 CDA-1: Free of Debris, Trash, Leaf Fall Pass: No evidence of trash, debris or leaf fall. Pass No evidence of trash, debris or leaf fall. Minor Some trash or debris. Remove trash and debris. Moderate Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function. Remove trash and debris. Empty trash cans. Assess need and add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Severe Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function. Evaluate CDA or sources that can be reduced. Evaluate if additional pretreatment is needed. Increase inspection and maintenance frequency. Remove trash and debris. Empty trash cans. Assess need and add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Minor: Some trash or debris. Moderate: Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function. Severe: Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function. 12 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 13

11 CDA-2: No Sources of Sediment Present Pass: No sources of sediment evident in drainage area. Pass Minor No sources of sediment evident in drainage area. Several bare patches in drainage area. Seed or sod bare patches and stabilize area on next maintenance round. Minor: Several bare patches in drainage area. Moderate Considerable portion of drainage area is unstable or contains sediment. Remove any sediment in drainage area. Stabilize any bare patches. Severe Considerable area of drainage area is unstable* OR Drainage area contains substantial amount of sediment (e.g. stockpile or winter grit). Remove sediment from drainage area and/or facility. Stabilize any bare patches or areas causing erosion. Moderate: Considerable portion of drainage area is unstable or contains sediment. * Unstable - area not treated in a manner to minimize erosion and sedimentation (i.e. full ground cover). Sediment may also come from impervious surfaces, especially in winter when sanding occurs. Severe: Considerable area of drainage area is unstable. OR Drainage area contains substantial amount of sediment (e.g. stockpile or winter grit). 14 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 15

12 Pre-Treatment (PT) Description: Pre-Treatment (PT): the reduction of potential for pollutants to enter the LID facility. This may be sod, filter strip, riprap, a hardscaped forebay, etc. Typically found in bioretention, bioswale, and naturalized drainage way facilities. Critical inspection items for this zone are debris and sediment accumulation and structural integrity. 16 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 17

13 PT 1: Requiring Clean-out Pass: Free of sediment, trash or debris. Pass Minor Free of sediment, trash or debris. Slight accumulation of sediment, trash or debris. Remove blockage. Minor: Slight accumulation of sediment, trash or debris. Moderate Accumulation of sediment, trash or debris is reducing inlet capacity. Remove blockage. Empty trash cans. Add trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Severe Accumulation of sediment, trash or debris has blocked inlet facility. OR Facility lacks pretreatment and inlet is entirely clogged. Evaluate CDA or sources that can be reduced. Evaluate if additional pretreatment is needed. Increase inspection and maintenance frequency. Remove blockage. Empty trash cans. Add trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Moderate: Accumulation of sediment, trash or debris is reducing inlet capacity. Severe: Accumulation of sediment, trash or debris has blocked inlet facility. OR Facility lacks pretreatment and inlet is entirely clogged. 18 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 19

14 PT 2: Structural Integrity Pass: Concrete and/ or structure free of cracks, chips and other damage. Pass Minor Concrete and/or structure free of cracks, chips and other damage. Some isolated blemishes (cracks and chips) are present. Blemish repair. Minor: Some isolated blemishes (cracks and chips) are present. Moderate Severe Several isolated areas requiring full repair or replacement. Major problems present throughout facility, full repair or replacement needed. Determine source of damage. Assess site during rain. Repair damages such as cracks or chips. Determine source or damage. Develop repair strategy with design team (if necessary). Assess site during rain. Repair or replace damages. Photo required, please submit to Moderate: Several isolated areas requiring full repair or replacement. Photo required, please submit to Severe: Major problems present throughout facility, full repair or replacement needed. 20 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 21

15 Inlet (I) Description: Inlet (I): the location where the runoff enters the facility such as through a curb cut. Typically found in bioretention, bioswale, and box planter. Critical inspection items for this zone are flow capture (i.e. flow is not bypassing the inlet); inlet obstruction; inlet erosion (i.e. erosion at and downstream of the inlet); and structural integrity. 22 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 23

16 I 1: Inlet Flow Capture * Pass: No evidence that flow is by-passing inlet, runoff can easily enter facility. Pass Minor No evidence that flow is by-passing inlet, runoff can easily enter facility. Some runoff is bypassing inlet, evidenced by sediment accumulation, dampness or staining at inlet. Record on inspection form and monitor in future inspections. Minor: Some runoff is bypassing inlet, evidenced by sediment accumulation, dampness or staining at inlet. Moderate Severe Flow is mostly bypassing inlet, evidenced by moderate sediment accumulation, dampness or staining at inlet or dehydrated plant material in facility. Flow is completely bypassing inlet, evidenced by severe sediment and debris accumulation, ponding and staining at inlet, and severely dehydrated plant material in facility. Assess and correct inlet flow capture via re-grading, lowering inlet, or re-shaping inlet. Assess and correct inlet flow capture via re-grading, lowering inlet, reshaping inlet, or replacing inlet. Moderate: Flow is mostly by-passing inlet, evidenced by moderate sediment accumulation, dampness or staining at inlet, or dehydrated plant material in facility. Severe: Flow is completely by-passing inlet, evidenced by severe sediment and debris accumulation, ponding and staining at inlet, and severely dehydrated plant material in facility. 24 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 25

17 I 2: Inlet Obstruction Pass: Free of sediment, trash, or debris. Pass Minor Free of sediment, trash, or debris. Slight accumulation of sediment, trash, or debris ( 10% capacity reduction). Remove blockage. Minor: Slight accumulation of sediment, trash, or debris ( 10% capacity reduction). Moderate Severe Accumulation of sediment, trash, or debris has begun affecting drainage path of facility (10%-50% capacity reduction). Accumulation of sediment, trash, or debris has blocked drainage path to facility ( 50% capacity reduction). Remove blockage. Empty trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Evaluate CDA for sources that can be reduced. Evaluate if additional pretreatment needed. Increase inspection and maintenance frequency for area. Remove blockage. Empty trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Moderate: Accumulation of sediment, trash, or debris has begun affecting drainage path of facility (10%-50% capacity reduction). Severe: Accumulation of sediment, trash, or debris has blocked drainage path to facility ( 50% capacity reduction). 26 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 27

18 I 3: Inlet Erosion Pass: No evidence of erosion or channelization. Pass Minor No evidence of erosion or channelization. Erosion is minor, such as displacing mulch or small bare patches. Re-distribute and top up mulch or soil media. Minor: Erosion is minor, such as displacing mulch or small bare patches. Moderate Severe Erosion is considerable, concentrated flows are evident (via gully formation and scour is occurring). Inlet protection is ineffective, considerable scour has occurred and the design may be insufficient. Re-distribute and top up mulch or soil media. Stabilize with fabric, matting, stone or other material as instructed by inspector. Re-distribute and top up mulch or soil media. Stabilize with fabric, matting, stone or other material as instructed by inspector. Potentially, regrade inlet, install flow spreaders and/or additional inlet protection. Moderate: Erosion is considerable, concentrated flows are evident (i.e. gully formation and scour is occurring). Severe: Inlet protection is ineffective, considerable scour has occurred and the design may be insufficient. 28 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 29

19 I 4: Inlet Structural Integrity (applicable to hardscaped inlet only) Pass: Concrete free of cracks, chips and other damage. Pass Minor Concrete free of cracks, chips and other damage. Some isolated blemishes (cracks and chips) are present. Blemish repair. Minor: Some isolated blemishes (cracks and chips) are present. Moderate Several isolated areas requiring full repair or replacement. Determine source of damage. Assess site during rain. Repair damages such as cracks or chips. Severe Major problems present, full repair or replacement needed. Determine source of damage. Assess site during rain. Develop repair strategy with design team (if necessary). Repair or replace damages. Moderate: Several isolated areas requiring full repair or replacement. Photo required, please submit to Severe: Major problems present, full repair or replacement needed. 30 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 31

20 Boundary Zone (BZ) Description: Boundary Zone (BZ): this includes the outer boundary and side slopes of a facility. Typically found in bioretention, bioswale, and naturalized drainage way facilities. Critical inspection items for this zone are ensuring that the facility size matches design; trash and debris are not accumulating; and the side slopes are not eroding. 32 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 33

21 BZ-1: Facility Size Matches Design * Pass: Facility surface areas matches design. Pass Minor Facility surface area matches design. Facility surface area differs from design by 5-10%. Estimate percentage of deviation in surface area. Note if facility size has decreased or increased. Minor: Facility surface area differs from design by 5-10%. Moderate Facility surface area differs from design by 10-25%. Estimate percentage of deviation in surface area. Note if facility size has decreased or increased. Identify causes of change. Remove or add plant material. Reinstate soil media and/or mulch. Install edging (if determined necessary). Moderate: Facility surface area differs from design by 10-25%. Severe Facility surface area differs from design by 25%. Estimate percentage of deviation in surface area. Note if facility size has decreased or increased. Identify causes of change. Re-design facility perimeter (if necessary). Remove or add plant material. Re-instate facility soil media and/or mulch to match design. Install edging (if determined necessary). Severe: Facility surface area differs from design by 25%. 34 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 35

22 BZ-2: Boundary Debris and/or Trash (applicable to bioretention, bioswale, and naturalized drainage way facilities) Pass: No evidence of trash, debris, or leaf fall. Pass No evidence of trash, debris, or leaf fall. Minor Some trash or debris. Remove trash and debris. Moderate Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function and aesthetic. Remove trash and debris. Empty trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. * Minor: Some trash or debris. Severe Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function and significantly decreased aesthetic. Evaluate CDA for sources that can be reduced. Evaluate if additional pretreatment is needed. Increase inspection and maintenance frequency for area. Remove trash and debris. Empty trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Moderate: Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function and aesthetic. Severe: Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function and significantly decreased aesthetic. 36 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 37

23 BZ-3: Boundary Side-Slope Erosion (applicable only to bioretention, bioswale, and naturalized drainage way facilities) Pass: No evidence of scour or concentrated flows. Pass Minor No evidence of scour or concentrated flows. Erosion is minor, such as displacing mulch or small bare patches due to flow laterally entering facility. Erosion is considerate, concentrated flows are evident and deep gully formation is occurring in several locations in the facility. Re-distribute and top up mulch and/or soil media and reseed. Minor: Erosion is minor, such as displacing mulch or small bare patches due to flow laterally entering facility. Moderate Severe Erosion is severe, concentrated flows are evident, and deep fully formation is occurring throughout the facility. Re-distribute and top up mulch or soil media and reseed. Stabilize with fabric, matting, stone, or other material as instructed by inspector. Re-distribute and top up mulch or soil media and reseed. Stabilize with fabric, matting, stone, or other material as instructed by inspector. Re-grade side slopes; install flow spreaders and/or addition erosion protection. Moderate: Erosion is considerate, concentrated flows are evident, and deep gully formation is occurring in several locations in the facility. Severe: Erosion is severe, concentrated flows are evident, and deep fully formation is occurring throughout the facility. 38 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 39

24 BZ-4: Planter Box Structural Integrity (applicable only to Box Planters) * Pass: No damage to curbing evident. Pass Minor No damage to curbing evident. Minor damage (small isolated cracks and/or chips). Seal cracks in concrete. Minor: Minor damage (small isolated cracks and/or chips). Moderate Moderate damage (large cracks or chunks of concrete missing). Seal cracks in concrete. Patch chips. Replace section of damaged curb. Severe Severe deterioration affecting flow to facility (blocking flow or concentrating flow), safety, and aesthetics. Replace sections of damaged concrete. Adjust inlets (if necessary). Adjust outlet elevation (if necessary). Photo required, please submit to lid@edmonton.ca Moderate: Moderate damage (large cracks or chunks of concrete missing). Photo required, please submit to lid@edmonton.ca Severe: Severe deterioration affecting flow to facility (blocking flow or concentrating flow), safety, and aesthetics. 40 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 41

25 BZ-5: Facility Enclosure Pass: Enclosure is stable and free from damage. Pass Minor Enclosure is stable and free from damage. Enclosure is unstable in isolated locations. Repair enclosure. Minor: Enclosure is unstable in isolated locations. Moderate Enclosure is unstable and/or vandalized throughout. Repair enclosure. Severe Enclosure needs full replacement. Investigate cause of deterioration. Repair enclosure. Moderate: Enclosure is unstable and/or vandalized throughout. Severe: Enclosure needs full replacement. 42 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 43

26 Bed and Vegetated Zone (BVZ) Description: Bed and Vegetated Zone (BVZ): this includes the facility sides, bottom, and associated vegetation. Typically found in bioretention, bioswale, naturalized drainage way, and box planter facilities. Critical inspection items for this zone are amended soil specification verification; debris and/or trash; erosion; sedimentation; mulch depth and condition; plant material health; density and coverage present of weeds and/or invasive species; and riprap condition (if specified). 44 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 45

27 BVZ-1: Evidence Amended Soil Does Not Meet Design Pass: Soil texture has high sand content. Pass Minor Soil texture has high sand content. Soil texture is sandy with some small clumps. Evaluate if clay content negatively impacts function. Monitor in future inspections. Minor: Soil texture is sandy with some small clumps. Moderate Severe Soil texture and appearance (cohesive when wet) indicates low sand content and higher clay content. Soil texture is clearly high in clay (cohesive when formed into a ball) and slow to drain when wet. Send soil sample for composition test. Perform infiltration test. Install new soil or amend current soil further. Send soil sample for composition test. Perform infiltration test. Remove and replace with new soil. Moderate: Soil texture and appearance (cohesive when wet) indicates low sand content and higher clay content. Severe: Soil texture is clearly high in clay (cohesive when formed into a ball) and slow to drain when wet. 46 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 47

28 BVZ-2: Bed Zone Debris and/or Trash Pass: No evidence of trash, debris, or leaf fall. Pass No evidence of trash, debris, or leaf fall. Minor Some trash or debris. Remove trash and debris. Moderate Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function and aesthetic. Evaluate CDA for sources that can be reduced. Remove trash and debris. Empty trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Severe Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function and significantly decreased aesthetic. Evaluate CDA for sources that can be reduced. Evaluate if additional pretreatment needed. Increase inspection and maintenance frequency for area. Remove trash and debris. Empty trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees. Minor: Some trash or debris. Moderate: Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function and aesthetic. Severe: Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function and significantly decreased aesthetic. 48 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 49

29 BVZ-3: Bed Zone Erosion, Bare Patches or Sinking Pass: No evidence of erosion or sinking. Pass Minor Moderate Severe No evidence of erosion or sinking. Erosion is minor, such as displacing mulch or small bare patches. OR Isolated areas of sinking. Erosion is considerate, concentrated flows are evident, and deep gully formation is occurring in several locations in the facility. OR Evidence of moderate localized sinking at pre-treatment structure, inlet, outlet, or overflow. Erosion is severe, concentrated flows are evident, and deep gully formation is occurring throughout the facility. OR Severe sinking occurring at any location in facility. Re-distribute and top up mulch and/or soil media and reseed (if specified). Re-distribute and top up mulch or soil media and reseed (if specified). Correct preferential flow path by raking or backfilling, install/repair underdrain in the case of sinking. Re-distribute and top up mulch or soil media and reseed (if specified). Correct preferential flow path by raking or backfilling, install/repair underdrain in the case of sinking. Install additional flow spreaders at inlet or along flow path. Minor: Erosion is minor, such as displacing mulch or small bare patches. OR Isolated areas of sinking. Moderate: Erosion is considerable, concentrated flows evident, several deep gully formations occurring. OR Evidence of moderate localized sinking at pretreatment structure, inlet, outlet, or overflow. Severe: Erosion is severe, concentrated flows are evident, and deep gully formation is occurring throughout the facility. OR Severe sinking occurring at any location in facility. 50 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 51

30 BVZ-4: Bed Zone Sediment Accumulation Pass: Facility is free of sediment and caking. Pass Minor Facility is free of sediment and caking. Sediment caking is thin and isolated to inlet. Remove as much sediment as possible and rake in what remains. Reseed (if specified). Minor: Sediment caking is thin and isolated to inlet. Moderate Severe Sediment caking is thin but affects majority of facility. Sediment caking is severe, affects majority of facility, and is likely reducing facility infiltration. Remove as much sediment as possible and rake in what remains. Reseed (if specified). Clean out pre-treatment device. Remove top 150 mm of amended soil media and replace with approved new batch. Reseed (if specified). Clean out pre-treatment device. Stabilize CDA and/ or remove sources of sediment from CDA. Moderate: Sediment caking is thin but affects majority of facility. Severe: Sediment caking is severe, affects majority of facility, and is likely reducing facility infiltration. 52 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 53

31 BVZ-5: Grade Control Structures Pass: No evidence of structural damage and/or improper function. Pass Minor No evidence of structural damage and/or improper function. Minor structural damage and/or minor deviation from design flow, evidenced by oversaturated or dehydrated conditions. Mark on inspection form and monitor in future inspections. * Minor: Minor structural damage and/or minor deviation from design flow, evidenced by oversaturated and/or dehydrated conditions. Moderate Severe Moderate structural damage and/or flows deviating from design evidenced by non-distributed storage, dehydrated vegetation, and/or downstream erosion due to higher than expected flows. Severe structural damage and/or flows completely deviating from design evidenced by non-distributed storage and/or facility flooding, extremely dehydrated vegetation, and/or severe downstream erosion due to higher than expected flows. Consider increased inspections and maintenance frequency. Repair grade control structure. Repair damage caused by erosion. Monitor in future inspections. Repair grade control structure. Repair damage caused by erosion. Photo required, please submit to lid@edmonton.ca Moderate: Moderate structural damage and/or flows deviating from design evidenced by non-distributed storage, dehydrated vegetation, and/or downstream erosion due to higher than expected flows. Severe: Severe structural damage and/ or flows deviating from design evidenced by non-distributed storage, facility flooding, extreme dehydrated vegetation, and/or severe downstream erosion due to high flows. 54 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 55

32 BVZ-6: Riprap Conditions Pass: Riprap is functioning effectively. Pass Minor Riprap is functioning effectively. Riprap is slightly ineffective. Signs of erosion or soil accumulation, some dislodged or unstable rocks. Monitor in future inspections. Repair erosion. Remove accumulated soil. Replace dislodged rocks. Stabilize unstable sections. Minor: Riprap is slightly ineffective. Signs of erosion or soil accumulation, some dislodged or unstable rocks. Moderate Severe Riprap is significantly dislodged or unstable. Moderate erosion or sediment accumulation is occurring. Riprap is ineffective. Majority of rocks are dislodged or unstable. Significant erosion or sediment accumulation is occurring. Evaluate riprap design for effectiveness. Monitor in future inspections. Repair erosion. Remove accumulated soil. Replace dislodged rocks. Stabilize unstable sections. Repair erosion. Remove accumulated soil. Re-grade riprap. Replace dislodged rocks. Remove and replace rock. Stabilize unstable sections. Re-grade CDA. Install new erosion protection BMP. * * Moderate: Riprap is significantly dislodged or unstable. Moderate erosion or sediment accumulation is occurring. Severe: Riprap is ineffective. Majority of rocks are dislodged or unstable. Significant erosion or sediment accumulation is occurring. 56 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 57

33 BVZ-7: Mulch Depth and Condition (if specified) Pass: Mulch depth of mm and 80% ground cover. Pass Mulch depth of mm and 80% ground cover. Minor Less than 75mm depth mulch and <80% groundcover. Moderate More than 100mm of mulch causing blockages. OR Sparse mulch coverage. Severe More than 150mm of mulch causing major blockages. OR No mulch coverage. Top up or remove mulch to designed depth and 100% coverage. Investigate reason for mulch discrepancy (e.g. staff not familiar with standard practice). Top up or remove mulch to designed depth and 100% coverage. Investigate reason for mulch discrepancy (e.g. staff not familiar with standard practice, facility undersized for storm event). Top up or remove mulch to designed depth and 100% coverage. Minor: Less than 75mm depth mulch and <80% groundcover. Moderate: More than 100mm of mulch causing blockages. OR Sparse mulch coverage. Severe: More than 150mm of mulch causing major blockages. OR No mulch coverage. 58 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 59

34 BVZ-8: Plant Material Health Pass: Over 80% plant material thriving. Pass Minor Over 80% plant material thriving. Over 20% of plant material shows signs of dehydration or disease. Treat diseased vegetation. Water where needed. Monitor in future inspections. Minor: Over 20% of plant material shows signs of dehydration or disease. Moderate Severe 30-60% of plant material shows signs of dehydration or disease. Over 60% of plant material shows signs of dehydration or disease. Monitor in future inspections. Treat diseased vegetation. Water where needed. Re-plant as directed. Assess planting to ensure species are appropriate for facility. Test amended soil media. Re-design according to assessment. Remove and replant entire facility (if necessary). Moderate: 30-60% of plant material shows signs of dehydration or disease. Severe: Over 60% of plant material shows signs of dehydration or disease. 60 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 61

35 BVZ-9: Plant Material Density and Coverage Pass: Over 80% vegetative coverage. Pass Minor Over 80% vegetative coverage. Less than 80% coverage (bare patches). Moderate Less than 50% coverage. Fill in bare areas with either plant material on site or new plantings. Water where needed. Reseed bare patches of turf. Fill in bare areas with either plant material on site or new plantings. Treat diseased plants. Water where needed. Reseed bare patches of turf. Minor: Less than 80% coverage (bare patches). Moderate: Less than 50% coverage. Severe Less than 25% coverage. Fill in bare areas with recommended plant material. Treat diseased plants. Water where needed. Reseed bare patches of turf. Remove and replant entire facility (if necessary). Severe: Less than 25% coverage. 62 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 63

36 BVZ-10: Landscape Aesthetics Pass: Noticeably maintained and meets aesthetics desired. Pass Minor Noticeably maintained and meets design intent and aesthetics. Plant coverage not as dense as intended. Plant bare areas. Minor: Plant coverage not as dense as intended. Moderate Plant material is taking over facility. OR Facility is sparsely covered. Plant bare areas or replace species. Severe Plant material has taken over facility. OR Facility is bare. Plant bare areas or replace species. Moderate: Plant material is taking over facility. OR Facility is sparsely covered. Severe: Plant material has taken over facility. OR Facility is bare. 64 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 65

37 BVZ-11: Weeds and/or Invasive Species Pass: No weeds are evident. Pass No weeds are evident. Minor Weeds are starting to become noticeable. Weed where needed. Re-mulch as required. Minor: Weeds are starting to become noticeable. Moderate Weeds are starting to take over. Assess weeding schedule. Monitor in future inspections. Weed where needed. Severe Less than 25% coverage by desired plant material. Evaluate surrounding area for source of weeds. Assess weeding schedule. Weed where needed. Moderate: Weeds are starting to take over. Severe: Less than 25% coverage by desired plant material. 66 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 67

38 Outlet Zone (OZ) Description: Outlet Zone (OZ): this includes the spill overflow; overflow outlet drain; and an underdrain (if specified). Typically found in bioretention, bioswale, naturalized drainage way, and box planter facilities. Critical inspection items for this zone are outlet obstruction; outlet structural damage; and pipe condition and/or loss of capacity. 68 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 69

39 OZ-1: Underdrain, Clean-outs, Overflows Pass: Free of sediment, debris, sags, damage, and cleanout caps present. Pass Minor Free of sediment, debris, sags, damage, and cleanout caps present. Minimal loss of outlet capacity or cleanout caps damaged or not present. Monitor on next inspection. Flush pipe. Remove debris from overflow. Replace cleanout cap. * Minor: Minimal loss of outlet capacity or cleanout caps damaged or not present. Moderate Severe Major loss of outlet capacity. Outlet or pipe completely blocked, has sagged, or is damaged and requiring repair. Investigate cause of obstruction. Flush pipe. Remove debris from overflow. Investigate cause of the obstruction or damage. Flush, repair, or replace pipe. Remove debris from overflow. Photo required, please submit to lid@edmonton.ca Moderate: Major loss of outlet capacity. Severe: Outlet or pipe completely blocked, has sagged, or is damaged and requiring repair. 70 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 71

40 OZ-2: Outlet Obstruction Pass: No evidence of obstruction. Pass Minor No evidence of obstruction. Partially blocked but flow can still enter. Clear debris. Minor: Partially blocked but flow can still enter. Moderate Outlet is blocked but still visible. Evaluate cause of accumulation. Clear debris. Severe Outlet is blocked and not visible. Flow cannot enter. Evaluate cause of accumulation, such as maintenance frequency or frequent mulch application. Clear debris. Moderate: Outlet is blocked but still visible. Severe: Outlet is blocked and not visible. Flow cannot enter. 72 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 73

41 OZ-3: Outlet Structural Integrity Pass: Outlet is present and undamaged. Pass Minor Outlet is present and undamaged. Partially damaged but functional. Repair or replace outlet. Minor: Partially damaged but functional. Moderate Outlet is damaged and requires full repair or replacement. Investigate source of damage. Repair or replace outlet. Severe Outlet is missing and requires replacement. Investigate source of damage. Repair or replace outlet. Moderate: Outlet is damaged and requires full repair or replacement. Severe: Outlet is missing and requires replacement. Photo required, please submit to 74 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 75

42 FACILITY WIDE INSPECTIONS 76 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 77

43 Performance Inspection (PI) Description: Performance Inspection (PI): this is the entire facility s overall performance. 78 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 79

44 PI-1: CDA Matches Design Pass: Size and shape matches design. Pass Size and shape matches design. Minor 5-10% discrepancy. Note and monitor on future inspections. Moderate 10-25% discrepancy. Investigate cause of discrepancy. Consult design team to ensure facility function is not compromised. Severe >25% discrepancy. Investigate cause of discrepancy. Consult design team to ensure facility function is not compromised. Adjust drainage area via re-grading. Minor: 5-10% discrepancy. Moderate: 10-25% discrepancy. Severe: >25% discrepancy. 80 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 81

45 PI-2: Flow is Directed to Inlet (not applicable to Naturalized Drainage Way) Pass: Water easily enters facility. Pass Minor Water easily enters facility. Slight by-pass (25% of flow bypasses). Monitor in future inspections. Minor: Slight bypass (25% of flow bypasses). Moderate Moderate by-pass occurring (50% of flow bypasses). Evaluate cause of bypass. Re-grade drainage area. Severe Complete by-pass (100% of flow bypasses). Evaluate cause of bypass. Re-grade drainage area and/or install new inlet structure and replace all surface materials. Moderate: Moderate by-pass occurring (50% of flow bypasses). Severe: Complete by-pass (100% of flow bypasses). 82 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 83

46 PI-3: Flow Distribution in Facility Bed Pass: Even distribution. Pass Even distribution. Minor Moderate Severe 75% of facility receiving flow. Preferential path with 50% of facility receiving flow. Preferential path with 25% of facility receiving flow. Rake mulch to evenly distribute. Reseed if specified. Assess cause of preferential path (such as mulch movement). Remove mulch, re-grade soil media, and replace mulch. And/or reseed if specified. Assess cause of preferential path (such as mulch movement). Remove mulch, re-grade soil media, and replace mulch. And/or reseed if specified. Minor: 75% of facility receiving flow. Moderate: Preferential path with 50% of facility receiving flow. Severe: Preferential path with 25% of facility receiving flow. 84 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 85

47 PI-4: Ponding Depth Pass: Ponding depth matches design. Pass Ponding depth matches design. Minor 10% discrepancy. Note on inspection form and monitor plant health (dehydration or over water). Moderate 25% discrepancy. Assess cause of discrepancy (such as mulch depth). Add/or remove mulch and rake. Severe 50%+ discrepancy. Assess cause of discrepancy (such as mulch depth, amended soil settlement, outlet elevation). Correct facility depth based on recommendation of inspector. Minor: 10% discrepancy. Moderate: 25% discrepancy. Severe: 50%+ discrepancy. 86 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 87

48 PI-5: Drawdown Time and Standing Water Pass: No evidence of standing water. Pass Minor No evidence of standing water. Saturated soils exceeding design drawdown time. Note on inspection form and monitor in future visits. Minor: Saturated soils exceeding design drawdown time. Moderate Severe Isolated areas of ponding exceeding design drawdown time. Facility-wide ponding exceeding design drawdown time. Increase inspection frequency. Evaluate facility ponding depth and longitudinal slope vs. design. Take soil sample. CCTV weeping tile. Adjust mulch or soil media as directed by inspector. Reseed if specified. Increase inspection frequency. Evaluate facility ponding depth vs. design. Take soil sample. Perform infiltration test. CCTV weeping tile. Adjust mulch or soil media as directed by inspector. Reseed if specified. Pump out facility. Moderate: Isolated areas of ponding exceeding design drawdown time. Severe: Facility-wide ponding exceeding design drawdown time. 88 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 89

49 Winter Inspection (WI) Description: Winter Inspection (WI): this includes the effects the winter season and winter activities have on facilities. Critical inspection items include accumulation of sedimentation, designated snow areas, plow protection, and unobstructed flow routes. 90 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 91

50 WI-1: CDA is Free of Sediment and Grit * Pass: No evidence of sediment and grit. Pass Minor No evidence of sediment and grit. Some isolated areas of sediment and grit. Remove sediment and grit. Minor: Some isolated areas of sediment and grit. Moderate Severe Noticeable coverage of >50% of drainage area. Entire drainage area covered by sediment and grit. Remove sediment and grit. Install temporary ESC. Remove sediment and grit. Install temporary ESC. Clean pre-treatment device. Photo required, please submit to lid@edmonton.ca Moderate: Noticeable coverage of >50% of drainage area. Severe: Entire drainage area covered by sediment and grit. Photo required, please submit to lid@edmonton.ca 92 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 93

51 WI-2: Facility is Not Being Used as Snow Storage Pass: No snow is stored on facility. Pass No snow is stored on facility. Minor Snow storage on 25% of facility. Moderate Snow storage on 50% of facility. Severe Snow storage on 75% of facility. Note on inspection form and discuss with Transportation group. Discuss with Transportation group. Use alternative snow storage location for future snowfalls. Discuss with Transportation group. Have snow removed from facility (if alternative location is available and removal will not damage facility). Use alternative snow storage location for future snowfalls. Minor: Snow storage on 25% of facility. Moderate: Snow storage on 50% of facility. Severe: Snow storage on 75% of facility. 94 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 95

52 WI-3: Facility Has Not Been Damaged by Plows Pass: No plow damage evident. Photo required, please submit to Pass Minor No plow damage evident. Isolated minor damage present. Note on inspection form and re-inspect in the spring. Minor: Isolated minor damage present. Moderate Severe Damage evident throughout facility, to hard infrastructure or plant material. Major damage is present that needs immediate repair. Note on inspection form. Install high visibility flagging (or approved alternate to bring attention to area). Re-evaluate in the spring. Repair damages in the spring. Note on inspection form. Remove damaged material immediately. Install high visibility flagging (or approved alternate to bring attention to area). Repair damages immediately. Re-evaluate in the spring. Photo required, please submit to Photo required, please submit to Moderate: Damage evident throughout facility, to hard infrastructure or plant material. Severe: Major damage is present that needs immediate repair. Photo required, please submit to 96 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 97

53 WI-4: Flow Route to Facility is Clear Pass: Water easily enters facility. Pass Minor Water easily enters facility. Slight by-pass (25% of flow bypasses). Monitor in future inspections. Minor: Slight bypass (25% of flow bypasses). Moderate Moderate by-pass occurring (50% of flow bypasses). Create flow path to facility inlet. Photo required, please submit to Severe Complete by-pass (100% of flow bypasses). Create flow path to facility inlet. Moderate: Moderate by-pass occurring (50% of flow bypasses). Severe: Complete by-pass (100% of flow bypasses). 98 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 99

54 PERMEABLE PAVEMENT 100 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 101

55 VISUAL INSPECTION 102 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 103

56 Contributing Drainage Area (CDA) Description: Contributing Drainage Area (CDA): this is the catchment area for the facility. This may include sidewalks, roads, parking lots, lawn, etc. Critical inspection items in this zone are debris and sources of sediment. 104 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 105

57 CDA-1: Free of Debris, Trash, Leaf Fall Pass: No evidence of trash, debris, or leaf fall. Pass No evidence of trash, debris, or leaf fall. Minor Some trash or debris. Remove trash and debris. Moderate Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function. Evaluate CDA for sources that can be reduced. Remove trash and debris. Empty nearby trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Severe Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function. Evaluate CDA for sources that can be reduced and evaluate if additional pretreatment is needed. Increase inspection and maintenance frequency for area. Remove trash and debris. Empty nearby trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Minor: Some trash or debris. Moderate: Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function. Severe: Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function. 106 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 107

58 CDA-2: No Source of Sediment Present Pass: No sources of sediment evident in drainage area. Pass Minor No sources of sediment evident in drainage area. Several bare patches in drainage area. Stabilize area on next trip. Minor: Several bare patches in drainage area. Moderate Considerable amount of drainage area is unstable or contains sediment. Remove sediment and stabilize area. Severe Considerable area of drainage area is unstable or drainage area contains large amount of sediment (e.g. stockpile or winter grit). Review facility for sedimentation. Review drainage area for sources of erosion. Remove sediment from drainage area and/or facility. Stabilize any bare patches or areas causing erosion. Moderate: Considerable amount of drainage area is unstable or contains sediment. Severe: Considerable area of drainage area is unstable or drainage area contains large amount of sediment (e.g. stockpile or winter grit). 108 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 109

59 Surface (S) Description: Surface (S): this is the entire pavement or paver surface. 110 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 111

60 S-1: Uneven, Missing or Damaged Pavers only applicable to permeable unit pavers and open grid pavers) Pass: Smooth, even surface with no missing pavers. Pass Minor Smooth, even surface with no missing pavers. Some uneven sections or isolated areas of missing pavers. Replace missing paver(s). Minor: Some uneven sections or isolated areas of missing pavers. Moderate Surface is uneven and acts as a trip hazard or large portions of pavers missing. Remove pavers, redistribute bedding, and reinstall pavers (may need to break pavers to remove). Replace missing paver(s). Severe Surface is unacceptable to be traveled on or is missing a large section of paver units. Remove pavers, redistribute bedding, and reinstall pavers (may need to break pavers to remove). Replace missing paver(s). Remove and replace pavers if needed. Moderate: Surface is uneven and acts as a trip hazard or large portions of pavers missing. Severe: Surface is unacceptable to be traveled on or is missing a large section of paver units. 112 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 113

61 S-2: Raveling, Cracks or Potholes (only applicable to porous asphalt and porous concrete) Pass: No signs of pavement degradation. Pass Minor No signs of pavement degradation. Slight segregation or small crack in isolated area. Note blemish in inspection report and monitor in the future. Minor: Slight segregation or small crack in isolated area. Moderate Severe Moderate segregation with some loose aggregate in isolated area. OR Widespread minor segregation and cracking ( 10% pavement surface). Severe segregation with some loose aggregate. OR Widespread minor segregation and cracking (>10% pavement surface). Patch and seal degraded areas with conventional asphalt or concrete mix. Patch and seal degraded areas with conventional asphalt or concrete mix. Remove pavement down to bedding or base course and replace. Photo required, please submit to lid@edmonton.ca Moderate: Moderate segregation with some loose aggregate in isolated area. OR Widespread minor segregation and cracking ( 10% pavement surface). Severe: Severe segregation with some loose aggregate. OR Widespread minor segregation and cracking (>10% pavement surface). 114 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 115

62 S-3: Debris Pass: No evidence of trash, debris, or leaf fall. Pass No evidence of trash, debris, or leaf fall. Minor Some trash or debris. Remove trash and debris (may require vacuum operation). Moderate Severe Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function. Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function. Remove trash and debris. Empty nearby trash cans. Clear leaves. Assess maintenance frequency. Evaluate CDA. Remove trash and debris. Empty trash cans. Add additional trash cans. Clear leaves. Prune trees (high skill). Minor: Some trash or debris. Moderate: Noticeable trash or debris that is affecting facility function. Severe: Trash and debris have negatively impacted or halted facility function. 116 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 117

63 S-4: Sedimentation Pass: Facility is free of sediment. Pass Facility is free of sediment. Minor Sediment affects <10% of facility area and has not been washed into pavement. Moderate Sediment affects <25% of the facility and/or has been washed into pavement. Severe Sediment coverage >80%. Vacuum with regenerative air sweeper. Vacuum with regenerative air sweeper. Power wash on low pressure setting. Vacuum with true air sweeper. Power wash on low pressure setting. Replace joint aggregate, if applicable. Stabilize contributing drainage area and/ or remove sources of sediment. Minor: Sediment affects <10% of facility area and has not been washed into pavement. Moderate: Sediment affects <25% of the facility and/or has been washed into pavement. Severe: Sediment coverage >80%. 118 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 119

64 S-5: Debris and/or Sediment in Paver Joints (only applicable to permeable unit pavers and open grid pavers) Pass: No sediment or debris present. Pass Minor No sediment or debris present. <10% of joints have debris or sediment visible. Vacuum with regenerative air sweeper. Minor: <10% of joints have debris or sediment visible. Moderate Severe >50% of joint area has dry non-compacted debris. >50% of joint area has compacted debris and sediment caking. Assess maintenance frequency. Vacuum with regenerative air sweeper. Power wash on low pressure setting. Vacuum with regenerative air sweeper. Power wash on low pressure setting. Replace joint aggregate, if applicable. Stabilize contributing drainage area and/ or remove sources of sediment. Moderate: >50% of joint area has dry noncompacted debris. Severe: >50% of joint area has compacted debris and sediment caking. 120 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 121

65 S-6: Joint Aggregate Top-up Pass: Joint aggregate is filled to lip of paver. Pass Joint aggregate is filled to lip of paver. Minor: N/A. Minor N/A. Moderate N/A. Severe Joint aggregate has settled below lip of paver. Top-up aggregate with aggregate matching design and sweep into joints. No Image Required Moderate: N/A. No Image Required Severe: Joint aggregate has settled below lip of paver. 122 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 123

66 S-7: Vegetation Coverage (applicable to turf filling unit pavers) Pass: 100% coverage. Pass 100% coverage. Minor 75% coverage. Top dress and seed bare and sparsely established areas. Water where needed. Moderate 50% coverage. Assess soils to ensure they are meeting design/city standards. Overseed entire facility. Water where needed. Severe 25% coverage. Assess soils to ensure they are meeting design/city standards. Assess seed species to ensure they are suitable for the site. Remove and reseed entire facility. Minor: 75% coverage. Moderate: 50% coverage. Severe: 25% coverage. 124 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 125

67 S-8: Weeds (applicable to turf filled unit pavers) Pass: No weeds are evident. Pass No weeds are evident. Minor Moderate Severe Weeds are starting to become noticeable. Weeds are starting to take over. Less than 50% turf coverage. Weed where needed. Assess weeding schedule. Weed where needed. Evaluate surrounding area for source of weed aggression. Assess weeding schedule. Weed where needed. All weeds are to be hand picked and weeds must be controlled as per the Weed Act. Herbicides are toxic to aquatic ecosystems and should only be used if all other options have been implemented without success and the City has approved the use. Minor: Weeds are starting to become noticeable. Moderate: Weeds are starting to take over. Severe: Less than 50% turf coverage. 126 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 127

68 Performance Inspection (PI) Description: Performance Inspection (PI): this is the entire facility s overall performance. 128 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 129

69 PI-1: Standing Water and Infiltration Pass: No evidence of water on surface or in standpipe 72hrs after a rainfall event. Pass Minor No evidence of water on surface or in standpipe 72hrs after a rainfall event. Localized patched of standing water on <10% of facility surface. Localized patched of standing water on <25% of facility surface or water present in standpipe 72hrs after rainfall event. Vacuum with regenerative air sweeper. Monitor in future inspections. If ponding is isolated, instruct maintenance team to remove and replace pavers. Assess downstream drainage infrastructure for cause of water present in standpipe. Vacuum with regenerative air sweeper. Remove and replace unit pavers and replace joint aggregate. Clean downstream drainage infrastructure. Clean and obtain CCTV footage of underdrain, assess for causes of failure. Vacuum with regenerative air sweeper. Remove and replace unit pavers and replace joint aggregate. Minor: Localized patched of standing water on <10% of facility surface. Moderate Severe Large area of ponding water on surface or water present in standpipe 72hrs after rainfall event. Moderate: Localized patched of standing water on <25% of facility surface or water present in standpipe 72hrs after rainfall event. Severe: Large area of ponding water on surface or water present in standpipe 72hrs after rainfall event. 130 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 131

70 FACILITY WIDE INSPECTIONS 132 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 133

71 Winter Inspections (WI) Description: Winter Inspection (WI): this includes the effects winter season and winter activities have on facilities. Critical inspection items include accumulation of sedimentation, designated snow areas, plow protection, and unobstructed flow routes. 134 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 135

72 WI-1: CDA is Free of Sediment and Grit Pass: No evidence of sediment. Photo required, please submit to Pass Minor No evidence of sediment. Some isolated areas of sediment and grit. Remove sediment and grit. Minor: Some isolated areas of sediment and grit. Moderate Noticeable coverage of >50% of drainage area. Remove sediment and grit. Install temporary ESC. Severe Entire drainage area covered by sediment and grit. Remove sediment and grit. Install temporary ESC. Clean pre-treatment device. Moderate: Noticeable coverage of >50% of drainage area. Severe: Entire drainage area covered by sediment and grit. Photo required, please submit to 136 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 137

73 WI-2: Facility is Not Being Used as Snow Storage Pass: No snow is stored on facility. Photo required, please submit to Pass No snow is stored on facility. Minor Snow storage on 25% of facility. Moderate Snow storage on 50% of facility. Severe Snow storage on 75% of facility. Note on inspection form and discuss with Transportation. Evaluate alternate snow storage locations. Discuss with Transportation group. Use alternate snow storage location. Discuss with Transportation group. Have snow removed from facility (if alternative location is available and removal will not damage facility). Use alternative snow storage location. Photo required, please submit to Photo required, please submit to Minor: Snow storage on 25% of facility. Moderate: Snow storage on 50% of facility. Severe: Snow storage on 75% of facility. Photo required, please submit to 138 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 139

74 WI-3: Facility Has Not Been Damaged by Plows Pass: No plow damage evident. Photo required, please submit to Pass Minor No plow damage evident. Isolated minor damage present. Note on inspection form and re-inspect in the spring. Minor: Isolated minor damage present. Moderate Severe Damage evident throughout facility (to hard infrastructure or plant material). Major damage is present that needs immediate repair. Discuss with Transportation. Install high visibility flagging (or approved alternate to bring attention to area). Repair damage in the spring. Discuss with Transportation. Remove damaged material. Install high visibility flagging (or approved alternate to bring attention to area). Repair damage in the spring. Photo required, please submit to Photo required, please submit to Moderate: Damage evident throughout facility (to hard infrastructure or plant material). Severe: Major damage is present that needs immediate repair. Photo required, please submit to 140 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 141

75 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 142 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 143

76 Additional photographs were graciously provided by New York State Stormwater and McElhanney Consulting Services Ltd; the City thanks these contributing parties for their help in completing this Handbook. REFERENCES 144 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 145

77 BZ-1 Facility Site Matches Design - Pass: _9d0ca50ee4_o, NYS Stormwater. Online Image. Flickr. 10 July 2016 < BZ-2 Boundary Debris and/or Trash - Minor: Picture may , McElhanney Consulting Services Ltd BZ-4 Planter Box Structural Integrity - Pass: Picture may , McElhanney Consulting Services Ltd BVZ-5 Grade Control Structures - Minor: IMG_3486, McElhanney Consulting Services Ltd BVZ-6 Riprap Condition - Moderate: _ _o, NYS Stormwater. Online Image. Flickr. 10 July 2016 < BVZ-6 Riprap Condition - Severe: _e9fc36e09f_o, NYS Stormwater. Online Image. Flickr. 10 July 2016 < OZ-1 Underdrains, Clean-outs, Overflows - Minor: IMG_1211, McElhanney Consulting Services Ltd WI-1 CDA is Free of Sediment and Grit - Pass: , McElhanney Consulting Services Ltd APPENDIX 146 City of Edmonton LID Construction, Inspection and Maintenance Field Handbook 147

78

79

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89