JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Sep., , 1156mg/ l, : ; : : ( ) 163. com 3, E2mail:

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1 23 5 Vol123 No JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Sep., , 1, 1, 13, 2, 2, 1 (11, ; 21, ) :, 3, :, mg/ l, 6196mg/ l; mg/ l, 2141mg/ l, ; < < <,, ;,, , 2006, : ; ; ; : P342; F : A : (2008) , 1819%,,, 1156mg/ l,, [ 1 ], [ 2 ],,,, 2, 918km 2 : ; : : ( ) : (19832 ),,, E2mail: 163. com 3, E2mail: hronggui@163. com

2 5 : km 2, ( 1), 148m, 630m,,,, 17 19, h, 1 Fig11 The location of the research areas 3 311, ARC /GIS, ( 2),, 2 Fig12 Land2use in two watersheds, ( ), 134, 17%, 71, 11, 23, 37 ; 63, 2, 31, 30,, 60% 3. 2,,,, 21, 8 21, 14 ( 1) 25, GPS,

3 m l,,, ph 3. 3 Flaster ,, 3 SPSS , mg/ l, 6196mg/ l mg/ l 1114mg/ l [ 3 ] 66117kg/hm 2 ( 1), 41611kg/hm 2 [ 4 ],, [ 5 ],,,,,, 1 ( kg /hm 2 ) Table 1 N itrogenous fertilizer consump tion on different land2use ways in two watersheds mg/ l, 2141mg/ l,,,,, < < < ( 3),,,,, [ 6 ],,, 5 8 ( 2),,,,, [ 7 ],,,,

4 5 : 889,, 3 Fig13 Seasonal change of nitrate concentration in two watersheds 2 ( mm ) Table 2 Rainfall in two watersheds ( 3),,,, ( 1),

5 890 23, [ 8 ] , 2006, [ 9 ], , mg/ l, 6196mg/ l; mg/ l, 2141mg/ l, 28%, ( 1),,,, 45% ( 2),,, 45%, 9 ( 2) [ 10 ],,,, [ 11, 12 ] Basnyat [ 13 ],,, ( 3),, Bhaduri GIS - NPS [ 14 ] ; Sliva Dudley 3, [ 15 ], 12 21,,, [ 16 ] 5 80%, ;,,,, < < <,,,

6 5 : 891 ;,, , 2006,,,, ( References) : [ 1 ],,,. [ J ]., 2005, 21 ( 6 ) : [ ZHANG Yuan, ZHENG B ing2hui, L IU Hong2liang, et al. Characters of nitrogen and phosphorus of the Three Gorges Res2 ervoir after impounding. W ater Resources Protection, 2005, 21 (6) : ] [ 2 ],. [ J ]., 2003, 18 ( 3) : [ J IANG Fu2ying, W ENG Bo2qi. N itrate pollution in fields and its prevention. Fujian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2003, 18 ( 3) : ] [ 3 ],,,. [ J ]., 2006, 24 ( 5) : [ ZHU Bo, WANG Tao, XU Tai2ping, et al. Non2point2source nitrogen movement and its environmental effects in a small watershed in hilly area of purple soil. Journal of M ountain Science, 2006, 24 (5) : ] [ 4 ],,. [ J ]., 2006, 14 ( 1) : [ ZHU Bo, PENG Kui, X IE Hong2mei. N itrogen balance of agro2ecosystem in a typ ical watershed in the hilly ar2 ea of central Sichuan Basin. Chinese Journal of Eco2Agriculture, 2006, 14 (1) : ] [ 5 ],,. [ J ]., 1993, ( 2) : [ SUN Zhao2rong, L IU Xiu2qi, YANG Shou2chun. ers, 1993, (2) : ] Study of nitrogen nutrient on rainfall in Beijing and soil seepage water. Soils and Fertiliz2 [ 6 ],,. GIS [ J ]., 2001, 15 (1) : [ CA I Chong2fa, D ING Shu2wen, SH I Zhi2hua. Prediction on soil nutrients losses at typ ical smallwatershed of Three Gorges area with GIS. Journal of Soil and W ater Conservation, 2001, 15 (1) : ] [ 7 ]. [A ]. :, [W EN Q i2xiao. Content and Form on Soil N itrogen Nutrient. Nanjing: Jiangsu Science Technology Press, ] [ 8 ],. [ J ]., 2000, 11 ( 2) : [ L I Shi2 qing, L I Sheng2xiu. Leaching loss of nitrate from semiarid area agroecosystem. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2000, 11 (2) : ] [ 9 ],,,. [ J ]., 2000, 19 (3) : [ XU Feng, CA IQ iang2guo, WU Shu2an, et al. A study on soil nutrient loss control by slope eco2 engineering in the Three Gorges Reservoir region2taking the contour hedgerows as an example. 2000, 19 (3) : ] Geographical Research, [ 10 ] Basnyat P, Teeter L D, Flynn KM, et al. Relationship s between landscape characteristics and non2point source pollution inputs to coastal estuaries[ J ]. Environm ental M anagem ent, 1999, 23 (4) : [ 11 ],,,. [ J ]., 2003, 24 ( 6) : [ YANG Jin2ling, ZHANG Gan2lin, ZHANG Hua, et al. The impact of land uses on watershed runoff nitrogen discharge in hilly regions. Environm ental Science, 2003, 24 (6) : ] [ 12 ],. N, P [ J ]. ( ), 2005, 41 (1) : 1 7. [ CHANG Juan, WANG Gen2xu. The figures of content and dynam ical changes of N and P under different form s of land use in the Heihe R iver Basin. Journal of Lanzhou U niversity (N atural Sciences), 2005, 41 (1) : 1-7. ] [ 13 ] Basnyat P, Teeter L D, Flynn KM, et al. Relationship s between landscape characteristics and non2point source pollution inputs to coastal estuaries[ J ]. Environm ental M anagem ent, 1999, 23 (4) : [ 14 ] Bhaduri B, Harbor J, Engel B. A ssessing watershed2scale, long2term hydrologic impacts of land2use change using a GIS2

7 NPS model[ J ]. Environm ental M anagem ent, 2001, 26 (6) : [ 15 ] Sliva L, Dudley W D. Buffer zone versus whole catchment app roaches to studying land use impact on river water quality [ J ]. W ater Research, 2001, 35 (14) : [ 16 ],,,. [ J ]., 1995, 1 (2) : [ ZHANG W ei2li, TIAN Zhe - xu, ZHANG N ing, et al. Investigation of nitrate pollution in ground water due to nitrogen fertilization in agriculture in north China. Plant N utrition and Fertilizer Science, 1995, 1 (2) : ] N itra te Concen tra tion in W a ter in Sma llw a tersheds of Three Gorges Reservo ir Area and Its Rela tion sh ip w ith Land2use L IU Ren2yan 1, FENG M ing2lei 1, L IN Shan 1, HU Rong2gui 1, J IANG Cheng 2, CHEN Xing2quan 2, X IAO Hong2yu 1 (1. College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, W uhan , China; 2. W ater and Soil Conservation Bureau of Zigui County, Hubei Province, Zigui , China) Abstract: This article mainly discusses the influence of land2use structure and fertilizer consump2 tion on the nitrate concentration in water body in two small watersheds in Three Gorges Reservoir A rea. By investigating the structure of land2use and the consump tion of fertilizer and nitrate varia2 bility in three consecutive years, some conclusions are drawn that: ( 1) D istinguished discrepan2 cies exist in nitrate concentration between the two watersheds. In Quxi W atershed, it fluctuates between 014 and 1416 mg/ l, and the average is 6196mol/ l; in Baotahe W atershed, it is between 012 and 618mol/ l, and the average is 2141mol/ l. The ratio of arable land and forest land p lays an important role on the nitrate concentration in water bodies of the watersheds. ( 2) Seasonal change of the nitrate concentration in Quxi W atershed is higher in w inter, then autumn and sum 2 mer, lower in sp ring, which may relate to the rainfall and seasonal agricultural activities. Due to the significant effect of the residents, non2agricultural activities, the nitrate concentration in Baota2 he W atershed shows no seasonal change rule, the annual change is that it increased in 2005 and then decreased in 2006; and the effect of cultivation on the nitrate in B aotahe is weaker than that in Quxi. Key words: earth s surface p rocess; non2point pollution; nitrate nitrogen concentration; watershed small