BEST PRACTISE PROJECTS

Transcription

1 OPET Cluster Distric heating and co-generation WP2 Small and micro scale CHP BEST PRACTISE PROJECTS LITHUANIA LITHUANIAN ENERGY INSTITUTE December 2003 European Commission (Directorate-General for Energy and Transport) Contract no. NNE5/2002/52: OPET CHP/DH Cluster

2 TITLE Author(s): Romualdas Škėma; Gerardas Žukauskas Organisation: Lithuanian Energy Institute Address: Breslaujos 3, LT Kaunas, Lithuania Tel.: ; Fax: Web: The project "OPET CHP/DH Cluster" has obtained financial support from the European Commission (Directorate-General for Energy and Transport) under the contract no. NNE5/2002/52 for Community Activities in the Field of the specific programme for RTD and demonstration on "Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development - Part B: Energy programme" The responsibility for the content on this publication lies solely with the authors. The content does not necessarily represent the opinion of the European Community and the Community is not responsible for any use that might be made of data appearing herein.

3 Rokai Pig Farm Demonstration Biogas Plant Kaunas, Lithuania The present project was initiated by the Danish Folkecenter for Renewable Energy, and has been financially supported with 88% from the Danish Environmental Protection Ministry. The remaining 12% has been financed by the AB VYCIA Farming Company, where the biogas plant is installed and operated. The project is intended as a pilot demonstration and education plant for Lithuania and the surrounding Baltic countries. The project has been supported by the Lithuanian Environmental Protection Ministry and Energy Agency. The Lithuanian Energy Institute along with Kaunas Energy Office contributed in assisting the project implementation. The Lithuanian Academy of Agriculture has participated in the technology transfer as well. Technology The Biogas Plant is based on Folkecenter's Farm Biogas Concept, which means, that the plant is scaled to the amount of resource available on the VYCIA farm. The daily 60 m 3 of manure from the pigs, is by the anaerobic digestion converted into a "more ready to use" fertiliser. The produced biogas is by co-generation converted into electricity and heat, which will reduce the farms expenses for energy significantly. The technology gives

4 possibility for much higher production with surplus of electric energy, which will be sold to the public grid. The biogas plant consists of 3 horizontal digesters in a parallel configuration - fed by the same raw material - the manure. This gives unique possibilities to obtain continuously local experiences of operation of the plant. Different additives and conditions of operating can be tested, and the results can easily be compared. Schematic drawing of the biogas plant 1) Technical building, control room, show room, laboratory, boilers. 2) Technical building, co-generation. 3) Digesters. 4) 30m 3 mixing tank. 5) 60m 3 pretank. 6) Sulphur cleaning system. 7) Condensate separation. 8) Air pump. 9) Gas holder. Function Each 300 m 3 digester receives daily 20m 3 manure in the 30m 3 individual mixing tanks. Waste additives are added and mixed in the same tank. The manure is pumped into the digester in intervals during the 24 hours, for instance every 2 hours. An equivalent volume of manure is displaced at the outlet end of the digester. The process is heated to a temperature between 35 C and 50 C. Heating is obtained by integrated heat exchanger, and heat loses are minimized by a 200 mm insulation covered by weather proof steel plate coating. To keep the manure homogeneous and to avoid scum layer, the manure is mixed at intervals by a slowly rotating axial agitating system. The agitator also transports the sediments to the sand outlet, where it can be removed. The biogas leaves from the top of the digester at a low pressure, sufficient to overcome the losses in pipes and the counter pressure from the floating gas holder. The gas holder delivers pressure enough to operate

5 gas burner and co-generation motor without any compressor to raise pressure. If the system pressure exceeds 45 mbar, the gas is released from the digester by a siphon trap. left picture Manure inlet, mixer tanks, agitator motors/gears. right picture Manure outlet, gas outlet. left picture Technical buildings. right picture Gasholder Digester

6 Technical data Manure Waste, concentrated Digester Gas production System pressure Gas storage : 60m 3 Co-generation Boiler/burner Sulphur cleaning Control system : 60 m 3 pig manure / day : ~ 3 t / day (depending on availability) : 3 x 300m 3 horizontal steel digesters : m 3 /day : 25 mbar, (max. 45 mbar by safety siphon trap) : 1 x 75 kw and 1 x 110 kw : 1 x 300 kw gas burner and 1 x 300 kw oil/gas burner : Aerobic external biological process : PC based control- and data acquisition system (developed by Folkecenter). Production data Biogas production : 1200 m 3 /day 1) Electric production : 2400 kwh el /day Electric production : kwh el /year 2) Heat production : 4200 kwh heat /day Heat production : kwh heat /year 3) 1) from manure only. By adding concentrated waste, the technology gives possibility for gas production of 3600 m 3 /day. 2) by 80% duty time of co-generation. 3) by 80% duty time of co-generation and boilers 80% duty time of remaining 20%. Maximum 25% is used for process heat. There will be surplus of heat during summer. Farm Energy Consumption Electricity : kwh el /year 4) 4) kwh is used for heating. Will be replaced by heat and electricity from biogas

7 Key economical figures 5) Support from Danish Environmental Protection Ministry (88%) EUR Financing from AB VYCIA FARMING COMPANY (12%) EUR Total EUR

8 Small scale CHP in Palanga rehabilitation hospital The rehabilitation hospital is in Palanga. The number of patients in was near 3600 persons/year. Total area of hospital is 12000m 2. The hospital has four buildings/blocks. The heat and electricity for hospital is supplying from small scale CHP and two heat boilers. Table 1. Characteristic of equipment Installed capacities Electrisity, kwe Heat, kwht sschp Boiler 690 Boiler 530 Total Since year 2001 hospital sell electricity to the grid (112Lt/MWh). In year 2002 monitoring was done of this project and was estimated economic characteristics. Table 2.Economic characteristics of hospital boiler house Units Calculation in Real data investment project Investments thous. Lt Savings per year thous. Lt Pay Back year This data is from first year monitoring results of the rehabilitation hospital s cogeneration power plant in Palanga. From November 2001, in the rehabilitation hospital the following data has been collected: actual indoor and outdoor temperature, total electricity demand and production, hot water and fuel (natural gas) demand. The obtained data analysis helps

9 to estimate and compare the economical and technical efficiency, which was calculated by an investment project during the monitoring time.