11.0 NOISE AND VIBRATION

Transcription

1 11.0 NOISE AND VIBRATION Introduction 11.1 This chapter of the ES assesses the likely significant effects of the Overall Development in terms of noise and vibration and is supported by Appendices 11.1 to The chapter describes the assessment methodology; the baseline conditions currently existing at the Assessment Site and surroundings; the likely significant environmental effects; the mitigation measures required to prevent, reduce or offset any significant adverse effects; and the likely residual effects after these measures have been employed. This chapter has been prepared by WSP Acoustics. Please refer to Appendix 11.1 for acoustic terminology. Planning Policy Context National Planning Policy Planning Policy Guidance 24 (PPG24): Planning and Noise (Ref. 11.1) 11.3 PPG24 was published in September 1994 and sets out the Government s policies on noise related planning issues. It gives guidance to local authorities in England and Wales on the use of their planning powers to minimise the adverse impact of noise. Local authorities must take into account the content of PPG24 when preparing their development plans. The content of PPG24 may be material to decisions on individual planning applications and appeals. In particular the guidance note: outlines considerations to be taken into account when determining planning applications for both noise-sensitive developments and for those activities which will generate noise; introduces the concept of noise exposure categories for residential development, encourages their use and recommends appropriate levels for exposure to different sources of noise; and advises on the use of conditions to minimise the impact of noise PPG24 recommends the use of four Noise Exposure Categories (NEC) which are designed to assist local planning authorities in evaluating applications for residential development in noisy areas. Table 11.1 shows each NEC, defined by a range of free-field noise levels into which development land falls, together with relevant planning advice to the local authority /A5/ES January 2010

2 The definition of each NEC depends on the noise source in question; as the Assessment Site is located adjacent to a railway line, the PPG24 categories for rail have been provided. Table 11.1: PPG24 Noise Exposure Categories for Rail Traffic Noise Limits (db) NEC Daytime 07:00 Night-time 23:00 23:00 hours, L Aeq,16hr 07:00 hours, L Aeq,8hr A <55 <45 B C D >74 >66 Planning Advice Noise need not be considered as a determining factor in granting planning permission, although noise at the high end of the category should not be regarded as a desirable level. Noise should be taken into account when determining planning applications and, where appropriate, conditions imposed to ensure an adequate level of protection against noise. Planning permission should not normally be granted. Where it is considered that permission should be given, for example because there are no quieter sites available, conditions should be imposed to ensure a commensurate level of protection against noise. Planning permission should normally be refused In addition to the above, PPG24 also states that during the night (23:00 to 07:00 hours): sites where individual noise events regularly exceed 82dB L Amax (S time weighting) several times in any hour should be treated as being in NEC C, regardless of the L Aeq,8h (except where the L Aeq,8h already puts the site in NEC D). Regional Planning Policy Regional Spatial Strategy for the South East (The South East Plan) (adopted May 2009) (Ref. 11.2) 11.6 The South East Plan (published May 2009) contains a number of core policies, one of which relates to noise. Policy NRM10 states: Measures to address and reduce noise pollution will be developed at regional and local level through means such as: i. locating new residential and other sensitive development away from existing sources of significant noise or away from planned new sources of noise ii. traffic management and requiring sound attenuation measures in major transport schemes iii. encouraging high levels of sound-proofing and screening as part of sustainable housing design and construction /A5/ES January 2010

3 11.7 Other core policies refer to noise; however, they are not relevant to this chapter. Local Planning Policy Test Valley Borough Council Local Plan ( ) (adopted 2006) (Ref. 11.3) 11.8 Section 9 Safeguarding Amenity of the local plan states: The Council s intention to safeguard the amenity of its residents is expressed in the objective of this chapter which is: To ensure that the Borough s residents can enjoy their homes and public spaces without undue disturbance or intrusion from neighbouring uses The Council wishes to ensure that any new development will not have an adverse impact on the enjoyment of privately or publicly owned land and the policies in this chapter deal with the five main aspects of amenity which are: privacy and private open space; sunlight and daylight; artificial light intrusion; noise and vibration; and unpleasant emissions such as odour, fumes, smoke, soot, ash, dust or grit Saved policy AME 04 states: Noise-generating development will be permitted provided that the levels of noise or vibration would not cause an unacceptable level of disturbance to the occupants of nearby properties having taken account of any proposed attenuation or other measures. Noise-sensitive developments will be permitted provided that the intended users would not be subject to unacceptable noise or vibration levels from existing noise-generating uses having taken account of any proposed attenuation or other measures. Test Valley Borough Core Strategy Pre-Submission Draft (October 2008) (Ref. 11.4) The Test Valley Borough Core Strategy Pre-Submission Draft has been withdrawn and therefore holds limited weight in planning terms. Draft Policy SSA1 of the Pre-Submission Core Strategy identified land at Picket Piece for the development of a new neighbourhood of 800 dwellings. Discussion The above policies have informed the noise and vibration assessment, where relevant, in addition to the consultation undertaken with TVBC s environmental health department and information in the Scoping Opinion /A5/ES January 2010

4 Assessment Methodology The methodologies used in this assessment are based on those in British Standards (BS) and legislation as follows: The Control of Pollution Act 1974 (Ref. 11.5) which was introduced to cover a range of environmental pollution, including noise, and remains the principal legislation for the control of noise and vibration from construction sites; Environmental Protection Act 1990 (Ref. 11.6) which empowers local authorities to issue a noise abatement notice where they are satisfied that a statutory nuisance exists or is likely to occur or recur; BS 4142: 1997 Method for rating industrial noise affecting mixed residential and industrial areas (Ref. 11.7); and BS 7445: 2003 Part 1 and 1991 Part 2 and 3 Description and measurement of environmental noise (Refs. 11.8, 11.9 and 11.10) The following documents are appropriate for the prediction and assessment of construction noise and vibration: BS 5228: 2009 Noise Control on Construction and Open Sites Part 1 Noise and Part 2 Vibration (Ref and 11.12) The following documents are appropriate for assessing noise affecting new and existing development: PPG24: Planning and Noise (Ref.11.1); BS 8233: 1999 Sound insulation and noise reduction for buildings Code of practice (Ref ); and World Health Organisation (2000) Guidelines for Community Noise (Ref ) The following documents are appropriate for assessing vibration affecting new development: BS 6472: 2008 Guide to evaluation of human exposure to vibration in buildings Part 1 Vibration sources other than blasting (Ref ) The following documents are appropriate for predicting and assessing road traffic noise affecting proposed and existing development: 12212/A5/ES January 2010

5 Department of Transport /Welsh Office (1988), Calculation of Road Traffic Noise (CRTN) (Ref 11.16); The Highways Agency, Scottish Government, Welsh Assembly and The Department for Regional Development Northern Ireland (August 2008) The Design Manual for Roads and Bridge s (HA213/08) (Ref ); and Institute of Acoustics / Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment (2005) Draft Guidelines on Noise Impact Assessment (Ref ) Further information on the above documents is contained within Appendix Consultation The environmental health department of TVBC was consulted to discuss the survey and assessment methodology. It was determined that railway noise and vibration surveys over a period of at least 24 hours would be acceptable and that internal noise levels in habitable rooms should meet the good standard of BS 8233: Where mechanical plant is associated with the Overall Development, it should be designed to achieve a level of 5 db below the existing background noise level. The baseline noise and vibration conditions are detailed in the following section. Scope of Assessment In accordance with the noise and vibration section of the Scoping Report (Appendix 2.1) and the Scoping Opinion (Appendix 2.2) received from TVBC, this chapter of the ES considers the following effects at both the construction and operational stages of the Overall Development Effects during construction: Construction noise and vibration effects on existing sensitive receptors in the area of the Overall Development Effects during operation: The effect of ambient noise and vibration (including the railway line) on sensitive receptors within the Overall Development; and Noise and vibration effect from the Overall Development in terms of plant noise and operational road traffic noise on existing sensitive receptors in the area of the Overall Development /A5/ES January 2010

6 Baseline Survey Methodology A baseline noise survey was undertaken on 24 June and from 29 June to 1 July 2009 and a vibration survey was undertaken from 23 to 24 June The monitoring positions were selected in order to obtain representative measurements of the ambient noise and vibration climate on the Assessment Site and are described below: Position 1: Noise measurement in the rear garden of 8 Walworth Road on the northern Assessment Site boundary approximately 8 metres from the London Exeter railway line; Position 2: Noise measurement on North Way to the west of the Assessment Site and adjacent to Walworth Industrial Estate; and Position 3: Vibration measurement in the rear garden of 8 Walworth Road on the northern Assessment Site boundary approximately 8 metres from the London Exeter railway line Figure 11.1 shows the noise monitoring locations At Positions 1 and 3 measurements were undertaken over a period of at least 24 hours and at Position 2 a 15 minute measurement was undertaken from 00:15 to 00:30 hours to determine the noise level from Walworth Industrial Estate At Positions 1 and 2 the microphone was in a free-field location (i.e. at least 3.5 m from vertical reflecting surfaces). Due to the London Exeter railway being on an embankment, at Position 1 the microphone was at a height of approximately 4 m above the ground level. At Position 2 the microphone was at a height of approximately 1.3 m above the ground in accordance with the guidance in PPG All noise measurements were made using 01dB Solo instrumentation. The sound level meters were calibrated before and after the measurements and no drifts in calibration were found to have occurred. An accredited laboratory calibrated the equipment not more than two years prior to the measurements being made with the exception of the calibrator which is calibrated annually. All microphones were fitted with an outdoor protection system that also included a windshield The weather conditions during the survey were suitable for noise measurements, being dry with little or no wind /A5/ES January 2010

7 11.28 The noise predictions have been undertaken using the noise modelling software package Cadna which implements the full range of UK prediction methodologies. Assessment of Significance The assessment of likely significant effects as a result of the Overall Development has taken into account both the construction and operational phases. The significance level attributed to each effect has been assessed based on the magnitude of change due to the Overall Development, and the sensitivity of the affected receptor/receiving environment to change The following terms have been used to define the significance of the effects identified: Major effect: where the Overall Development could be expected to have a very significant effect (either beneficial or adverse) on the noise and/or vibration climate; Moderate effect: where the Overall Development could be expected to have a noticeable effect (either beneficial or adverse) on the noise and/or vibration climate; Minor effect: where the Overall Development could be expected to result in a small, barely noticeable effect (either beneficial or adverse) on the noise and/or vibration climate; and Negligible: where no discernible effect is expected as a result of the Overall Development on the noise and/or vibration climate Tables 11.2 to 11.4 summarise the criteria that have been used to define the significance of the potential noise and vibration effects which are based on the terms above and the noise and vibration criteria described in Appendix Table 11.2: Construction Noise Criteria Construction Noise Level, db L Aeq Scale of Effect Significance Significance of Noise Effect < 65 db L Aeq,T Negligible N/A 65 to 70 db L Aeq,T Minor 70 to 75 db L Aeq,T Moderate Adverse > 75 L Aeq,T Major Note: Based on BS5228-1:2009 (Ref ) see Appendix Table 11.3: Construction Vibration Criteria Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) mm/s Scale of Effect Significance of Significance Noise Effect <0.4 Negligible N/A >0.4 to 0.8 Minor >0.8 to 1.6 Moderate Adverse >1.6 Major 12212/A5/ES January 2010

8 Note: Based on BS5228-2:2009 and BS : 2008 (Ref and 11.15), see Appendix Table 11.4: Traffic Noise Assessment Criteria Change in noise level db(a) Scale of Effect Significance >+5.0 Major +3.0 to +4.9 Moderate +1.0 to +2.9 Minor 0 to +0.9 Negligible 0 to -0.9 Negligible -1.0 to -2.9 Minor -3.0 to -4.9 Moderate Significance of Noise Effect Adverse >-5.0 Major Note: Based on guidance given in PPG24, DMRB and draft findings of The Institute of Acoustics / Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment Working Party (Ref and 11.18), see Appendix N/A Beneficial Baseline Conditions A summary of the noise measurements is presented in Table 11.5 with the full data shown in Appendix Note that the daytime period is from 07:00 to 23:00 hours and the night-time period is from 23:00 to 07:00 Table 11.5: Summary of Measured Noise Levels, db Position Period L Aeq L A90 L A10 L AFmax L ASmax 1. Adjacent to Daytime railway Night-time Adjacent to 00:15 to Walworth Industrial 00:30 Estate At Position 1 the noise climate was dominated by the London Exeter railway presumably intermittent noise. Other noise sources included distant road traffic on Walworth Road and general noise from the surrounding residential properties At Position 2 the noise climate comprised distant plant noise from Walworth Industrial Estate and occasional road traffic on Walworth Road. In general, the night-time operations at Walworth Industrial Estate were not audible at Position 2 and therefore will not be audible at the Assessment Site The vibration survey was undertaken at Position 3 using an Instantel BlastMate III vibration meter with a triaxial geophone and a measurement range of millimetres per second) (mms -1 ) to 254mms -1. Analysis of the results was carried out using Blastware release 8.12 to determine the vibration dose value (VDV) for each event in each of the three 12212/A5/ES January 2010

9 measurement axes. An example of the highest resultant peak particle velocity values are set out in the Table 11.6 below. Table 11.6: Examples of Measured PPV Values during Train Pass-bys, Position 3 PPV (mms ) Duration Transverse Vertical Longitudinal (seconds) Baseline Conditions in 2011, 2015 and The baseline conditions are unlikely to change between the 2009 survey, 2011, 2015 and However, the noise climate in the northern area of the Assessment Site is dominated by railway noise which cannot be predicted for future scenarios as sufficient information is not available. Likely Significant Effects Construction of Phase One It is inevitable that with any development of a scale similar to the Overall Development there will be some localised disturbance caused to those nearby during the construction phase Noise and vibration levels are attenuated by distance from the source; the greater the distance between the source and receptor, generally the lower the noise and vibration at that receptor. Features between the source and receptor also help to obstruct the transmission and passage of noise An assessment of the effect of noise and vibration during construction has been carried out in accordance with the criteria detailed in Appendix Construction Noise Construction noise levels during Phase One of the Overall Development and the likely effects have been predicted at existing noise-sensitive premises, namely: 12212/A5/ES January 2010

10 Dwellings to the north of Phase One of the Overall Development and to the south of Walworth Road; and Dwellings to the south of Phase One of the Overall Development and to the north of Ox Drove The sensitive receptors are shown on Figure The following construction works, as set out in Chapter 6 (Construction Programme) have been assumed. For the purpose of this assessment it has been assumed that piling will be required; however, this will be confirmed at a later stage: Demolition; Ground works; Piling; Foundation works; and Building erection It is recommended that the construction noise predictions are revisited when more detailed information becomes available. However, the assessment below provides a reasonable guide to the likely noise levels that will be generated during construction and is sufficient for the purposes of determining the planning application The predictions are based on the methodology contained within BS 5228: 2009 (Ref ) and consider the equivalent continuous sound level (L Aeq, T ) over the core working day assumed to be from 08:00 to 18:00 hours Monday to Friday and 08:00 to 13:00 hours on Saturday. The noise predictions assume that the best practice measures outlined below are built-into the construction methodologies: Noisy works would be conducted within the above core hours, whilst work outside of these hours must be inaudible at the Assessment Site boundary or be subject to prior agreement with TVBC; Deliveries to and from the Assessment Site would only be undertaken during the above core hours; Best Practicable Means will be employed as defined in Section 72 of The Control of Pollution Act 1974 (Ref. 11.5) to minimise noise and/or vibration; guidance given in BS 5228: 2009 Part 1 (Annex B Noise sources, remedies and their effectiveness) (Ref ) will be followed; Best construction practices and methods will be used in executing the construction works so as to avoid or reduce noise and vibration as far as possible. Only plant that 12212/A5/ES January 2010

11 conforms to the relevant European Union noise emission standards would be used during the construction of the Overall Development; All plant items brought to Assessment Site will be properly maintained, provided with effective silencers and operated in a manner so as to avoid causing any excessive noise or vibration; All items of plant operating on the Assessment Site in intermittent use will be shut down in the intervening periods between use; and All stationary plant will be located as far as possible from occupied dwellings Table 11.7 presents the predicted noise levels at representative receptors (as shown in Figure 11.2 and described in paragraph 11.40) solely from the construction works of Phase One. The predictions have been shown as a range of noise levels, calculated where plant are working in a central area of the Assessment Site (average-case) and where plant are working close to the Assessment Site boundary (worst-case). Table 11.7: Predicted Construction Noise Levels at Existing Receptors during Phase One, Façade, (db L Aeq,T ) Receptor Existing dwellings north of Phase One Existing dwellings south of Phase One Demolition Ground Works Piling Foundation Works Building Erection 61 to to to to to to to to to to When compared to the criteria in Table 11.2 the predicted noise levels are below 65 db L Aeq,T during average-case works, with the exception of at the existing dwellings to the north of Phase One during piling when a moderate adverse effect is predicted. The worst-case predictions show that there will be a minor to major adverse effect at the assessed receptors. All effects will be a short-term, direct and local Mitigation measures for the dwellings closest to the Phase One area are set out in the following section. Construction Vibration In accordance with the methodologies and criteria detailed in Appendix 11.2, Table 11.8 below shows the predicted levels of vibration during Phase One that are likely during vibratory rolling (i.e. compaction) of material on the Assessment Site. This activity is likely to generate the highest level of vibration /A5/ES January 2010

12 11.49 The calculations have been undertaken for the location of works closest to each receptor and therefore present a worst-case assessment. At other time, when plant is operating at a greater distance from the receptors, levels will be significantly lower. It has been assumed that these works will be undertaken at a distance of 15 metres from the closest existing dwellings. Table 11.8: Predicted Vibration Level during Vibratory Rolling Receptor Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) Vibration Effect Existing dwellings north of Phase One 0.72 Minor adverse Existing dwellings south of Phase One 0.72 Minor adverse When compared to the criteria set out in Table 11.3 it can be seen that the predicted PPV from construction vibration is between 0.4 to 0.8 mms -1 and therefore there will be a shortterm, direct, local, minor adverse effect. Operation of Phase One and Construction of Subsequent Development Construction Noise Construction noise levels during the subsequent development of the Assessment Site have been predicted at existing noise-sensitive premises, namely: Dwellings to the south of the north-eastern parcel of the Overall Development and to the north of Walworth Road; and Dwellings to the south of the north-western parcel of the Overall Development and to the north of Walworth Road The sensitive receptors are shown on Figure In addition to the above receptors, construction noise may also cause disturbance at the future occupants of the Overall Development whilst subsequent phases are being constructed. The effect on Phase One of the Overall Development has been predicted in the following way: North-eastern parcel of the Overall Development predicted at Phase One; and North-western parcel of the Overall development predicted at Phase One Table 11.9 presents the predicted noise levels at representative receptors solely from the construction works. As above, the predictions have been undertaken considering plant 12212/A5/ES January 2010

13 working close to the receptors and at a greater distance. The predicted noise levels at the completed Phase One do not alter significantly due to the construction works being at a distance from the receptor, in this case only the worst-case noise levels are shown in Table 11.9 where plant are working closest to the receptors. Table 11.9: Predicted Construction Noise Levels at Existing Receptors during Subsequent Development, Façade, db L Aeq,T Receptor Existing dwellings south of north-eastern parcel of land Existing dwellings south of north-western parcel of land Phase One (from northeastern parcel of land) Phase One (from northwestern parcel of land) Demolition Ground Works Piling Foundation Works Building Erection 53 to to to to to to to to to to When compared to the criteria set out in Table 11.2 the predicted noise levels show that when plant are working in central locations (i.e. average-case) within each parcel of land there will be a short-term, direct, local, negligible effect at all receptors with the exception of during piling when a minor adverse impact is predicted at the existing dwellings to the south of the north-western parcel of land During periods when plant are working in locations close to the site boundary with existing residential receptors, there will be a short-term, direct, local, negligible to moderate adverse effect, with the exception of during piling when there will be a major adverse effect Mitigation measures for the dwellings closest to the Assessment Site boundary are set out in the following section. Construction Vibration Table shows the predicted worst-case levels of vibration that are likely during vibratory rolling (i.e. compaction) of material on the Assessment Site. At other times, when plant is operating at a greater distance from the receptors, levels will be significantly lower. Table 11.10: Predicted Vibration Levels during Vibratory Rolling Receptor Existing dwellings south of northeastern parcel of land Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) Vibration Effect 0.72 Minor adverse 12212/A5/ES January 2010

14 Receptor Existing dwellings south of northwestern parcel of land Phase 1 (from north-eastern parcel of land) Phase 1 (from north-western parcel of land) Peak Particle Velocity (PPV) Vibration Effect 0.72 Minor adverse 0.09 Negligible 0.08 Negligible When compared to the criteria in Table 11.3, it can be seen from Table that there will be a short-term, direct, local, negligible to minor adverse effect. Effect of Noise from Mechanical Plant Affecting Existing and Proposed Sensitive Receptors The criteria used to specify noise limits applicable to new mechanical plant associated with the Overall Development are based on the guidance given in BS 4142:1997 (Ref. 11.7) and in accordance with the requirements of TVBC. It is expected that such plant may be associated with the local centre Table shows the noise design criteria that should be achieved at existing noisesensitive receptors and at proposed dwellings. The limits have been based on the measured background noise (L A90 ) levels at Position 1. Although this position was adjacent to the London Exeter railway line, the background noise levels will not have been influenced by train pass-bys as they are based on the noise level exceeded for 90% of the time (see Appendix 11.1) Note that the noise limits apply to the overall plant noise level and individual items of plant may need to be designed to achieve lower noise levels such that the cumulative noise does not exceed the limits below. Table 11.11: Plant Noise Limits, db L Aeq Daytime Limit Night-time Limit Location (07:00 to 23:00 hours) (07:00 to 23:00 hours) All existing and proposed dwellings Adherence to the above noise limits would result in a long-term, direct, local negligible effect. Effect of Road Traffic Noise from the Overall Development Affecting Existing Sensitive Receptors This assessment considers the permanent operational effects of the Overall Development. The assessment has been carried out for 2015, the completion year for Phase One /A5/ES January 2010

15 11.65 The assessment of the operational effects considers the level of noise that will arise from traffic movements associated with the Overall Development. The assessment has been undertaken using traffic flow data provided by WSP D&T. A notional receptor at 10 m from each road assessed has been used as it is the difference in noise levels that is important, rather than the absolute noise levels at the receptors Table details the difference between the with and without development traffic noise levels. Note that the with development flows include other committed developments (Andover Airfield, East Anton and Picket Twenty) in the area therefore assessing worstcase. Table 11.12: Operational Road Traffic Noise Assessment 2015, db L A10,18hr Link Noise Level db L A10,18hr Difference Without Development With Development Walworth Road east of Overall Development Ox Drove London Road west of Ox Drove A3093 Churchill Way (Link 6) Link 1 in Transport chapter A3093 Churchill Way (Link 7) Link 2 in transport chapter A3093 Churchill Way (Link 8) Link 3 in transport chapter When compared to Table 11.4, it can be seen from Table that on completion of Phase One of the Overall Development, the operational road traffic noise will result in no change at Ox Drove and a negligible effect at all other assessed receptors. All effects will be long-term, direct and local. Operation of the Overall Development (i.e. Phase One and Subsequent Development complete) Effect of Road Traffic Noise from the Overall Development Affecting Existing Sensitive Receptors This assessment considers the permanent operational effects of traffic from the Overall Development upon the year of completion (2017) /A5/ES January 2010

16 11.69 A notional receptor at 10 m from the road has been used as it is the difference in noise levels that is important, rather than the absolute noise levels at the receptors. The assessment for 2017, the year of completion is shown in Table11.13 below. Table 11.13: Operational Road Traffic Noise Assessment 2017, db L A10,18hr Link Noise Level db L A10,18hr Difference Without Development With Development Walworth Road east of Overall Development Ox Drove London Road east of Ox Drove A3093 Churchill Way (Link 6) A3093 Churchill Way (Link 7) A3093 Churchill Way (Link 8) When compared to the criteria within Table 11.4, it can be seen from Table that on completion of the Overall Development, the operational road traffic noise will result in no change at Ox Drove and a negligible effect at all other assessed receptors with the exception of Churchill Way (Link 7) where a minor adverse effect is predicted. All effects will be long-term, direct and local. Effect of Railway Noise Affecting Proposed Dwellings Using the results of the noise survey at Position 1, an assessment has been carried out in accordance with PPG24 to determine the suitability of the Assessment Site for residential development The masterplan shows that the proposed buildings will be in the region of 10 metres from the northern Assessment Site boundary. The measured noise levels therefore need to be corrected for the difference in distance between the measurement location and the proposed dwellings. A distance correction of -3.5 db has been applied to the measured noise levels The noise levels at the proposed dwellings closest the railway line and the corresponding NECs are detailed in Table below. The daytime period is taken to be 07:00 to 23:00 hours and the night-time period is 23:00 to 07:00 hours, as detailed in PPG /A5/ES January 2010

17 Table 11.14: PPG 24 Assessment, db L Aeq Position Period Noise Level NEC Overall NEC Proposed dwellings Daytime 59.0 B adjacent to railway Night-time 50.9 B B It can be seen that the northern area of the site closest to the railway line is exposed to noise levels in NEC B of PPG 24 during both the daytime and night-time The advice in PPG24 for local authorities for sites that are exposed to noise levels in NEC B is: Noise should be taken into account when determining planning applications and, where appropriate, conditions imposed to ensure an adequate level of protection against noise PPG 24 states that: sites where individual noise events regularly exceed 82dB L Amax (S time weighting) several times in any hour should be treated as being in NEC C, regardless of the L Aeq,8h (except where the L Aeq,8h already puts the site into NEC D) Table 11.5 shows that noise levels above 82 db L ASmax were measured during the nighttime period. However, closer analysis of the data shows that noise levels do not exceed 82 db several times in any hour; where several has been taken to mean more than three times Mitigation measures for the dwellings closest to the railway line are set out in the following section. Effect of Railway Noise Affecting Proposed Amenity Areas BS 8233 (Ref ) states that: In gardens and balconies etc. it is desirable that the steady noise level does not exceed 50 L Aeq,T db and that 55 L Aeq,T db should be regarded as the upper limit It can be seen from Table 11.5 that daytime noise levels at the northern Assessment Site boundary are above 55 db L Aeq. However, the parameter plans shows that no gardens are proposed adjacent to the northern site boundary. The buildings closest to the railway will be up to a maximum of three storeys and will screen the remainder of the Overall Development from railway noise. As such, all gardens will be exposed to noise levels lower than 55 db L Aeq /A5/ES January 2010

18 Effect of Railway Vibration Affecting Proposed Dwellings Taking the maximum event/pass-by PPVs presented in Table 11.6 to be typical, the dominating axis is used to calculate the evdv,day (estimated Vibration Dose Value) which, based on a total of 67 trains passing the Assessment Site between 07:00 and 23:00 hours, is ms The evdv night for the period 23:00 to 07:00 hours, based on 7 trains passing the Assessment Site, is ms Comparing these calculated daytime and night-time VDVs with the vibration dose value ranges which might result in various probabilities of adverse comment within residential buildings, as set out in Table 1 of BS :2008, demonstrates that there is a low probability of adverse comment by people subject to such levels. Accordingly, it is concluded that vibration levels from passing trains present no constraint to the Overall Development. Mitigation Measures Construction of Phase One Construction Noise The construction noise assessment shows that during average-case works the predicted noise levels are below 65 db L Aeq,T with the exception of at the existing dwellings to the north of Phase One during piling when a moderate adverse effect is predicted. During worst-case works, there will be a minor to major adverse effect During the demolition and construction of Phase One, a 2 to 2.5 metre high temporary screen (e.g. site hoarding) should be erected on the site boundary between the works and the existing dwellings. The barrier should be sealed at the base with no gaps between adjacent panels. The attenuation provided by such a barrier would be in the region of 5 to 10 db Should piling be required, it is recommended that a detailed assessment is undertaken to determine the noise impacts. However, where possible continuous flight auger, rather than driven piles should be used /A5/ES January 2010

19 Construction Vibration The construction vibration assessment has shown that there will be a minor adverse effect at the nearby existing dwellings. It is recommended that vibration levels during demolition and construction are subject to a watching brief with measurements being undertaken when works are in close proximity to the existing receptors and at any times, as necessary. Operation of Phase One and Construction of Subsequent Development Construction Noise The construction noise assessment shows that during the average-case works a negligible to minor adverse effect is predicted at the nearby existing dwellings. During worst-case works, a negligible to moderate adverse effect is predicted with the exception of during piling when a major adverse effect is predicted During these works, it is recommended that a temporary screen (e.g. site hoarding) is erected on the site boundaries between the works and the existing dwellings. The barrier should be 2 to 2.5 metres high and be sealed at the base with no gaps between adjacent panels. The attenuation provided by such a barrier would be in the region of 5 to 10 db Should piling be required, it is recommended that a detailed assessment is undertaken to determine the noise impacts. However, where possible continuous flight auger, rather than driven piles should be used. Construction Vibration The construction vibration assessment has shown that there will be a minor adverse effect at the nearby existing dwellings. It is recommended that vibration levels during demolition and construction are subject to a watching brief with measurements being undertaken when works are in close proximity to the existing receptors and at any times, as necessary. Effect of Noise from Mechanical Plant Affecting Existing and Proposed Sensitive Receptors A full assessment should be undertaken when plant selections are known and any mitigation measures will ensure the plant noise limits shown in Table are achieved /A5/ES January 2010

20 Effect of Road Traffic Noise from the Overall Development Affecting Existing Sensitive Receptors Table shows that there will be a minor adverse effect at the assessed receptors. The predicted increases in road traffic noise are all less than 1 db and it is likely that they will not be perceptible to the human ear. As such, no mitigation measures are considered necessary. Operation of the Overall Development (i.e. Phase One and Subsequent Development complete) Effect of Noise from Mechanical Plant Affecting Existing and Proposed Sensitive Receptors A full assessment should be undertaken when plant selections are known and any mitigation measures will ensure the plant noise limits shown in Table are achieved. Effect of Road Traffic Noise from the Overall Development Affecting Existing Sensitive Receptors Table shows that there will be a negligible minor adverse effect at the assessed receptors. The predicted increases in road traffic noise are up to 1 db and it is likely that they will not be perceptible to the human ear. As such, no mitigation measures are considered necessary. Effect of Railway Noise Affecting Proposed Dwellings The use of an acoustic fence on the northern site boundary is not considered practical due to the railway line being on an embankment Where feasible, the internal layout of the properties should be considered so that sensitive habitable rooms do not overlook the railway line. Habitable rooms are defined as living rooms, dining rooms and bedrooms but not kitchens, bathrooms hallways or common areas such as stairwells and landings Where orienting the properties in this manner is not feasible, the external building fabric of the properties should utilise materials with a sufficient sound reduction performance to ensure that the internal noise levels meet the good standard of 30dB for living rooms during the daytime and 30dB for bedrooms during the night-time, as stated in BS /A5/ES January 2010

21 11.98 The sound reduction performance requirements for the building façades can be calculated by subtracting the target criteria from the measured noise levels. Since glazing is typically the weak link in a building façade, these values can be taken to be a requirement for the glazing units Table below summarises the sound insulation performance requirements for the glazing units for habitable rooms adjacent to the railway line. The derived noise levels have been rounded up to the nearest whole number. Table 11.15: Required Sound Insulation Performances - Habitable Rooms Overlooking Railway, db Period Derived Target Required Sound Noise Level Value insulation Performance Daytime L Aeq, T Night-time L Aeq, T Night-time L Amax * In order to achieve the target noise values stated in Table 11.15, a glazing unit with a sound reduction of 29dB is required for daytime habitable rooms overlooking the railway line and a glazing unit of 30dB is required for bedrooms As an example, a 6/12/4 glazing unit will achieve a sound reduction performance of 30 db with respect to railway noise which will be suitable for both daytime and night-time habitable rooms Internal noise levels should be considered in the context of room ventilation requirements. The target internal noise levels will only be achieved when windows are closed. An alternative means of ventilation will therefore be required to comply with the requirements of the Building Regulations Approved Document F (Ref ) The Building Research Establishment has published an Information Paper on the acoustic performance of such passive ventilation systems. IP4/99: Ventilators: Ventilation and Acoustic Effectiveness (October 1999) (Ref ) details a study into the sound reduction performance of fourteen different window mounted trickle ventilators and seven different through-wall passive ventilators. The measured sound reduction performance, after taking into account flanking sound paths (i.e. sound paths that do not travel directly through the vent) and the effective area of the ventilator, ranged from 14 to 46dB Passive vents are available that meet or exceed the sound reduction required by the glazing elements. The use of passive vents is therefore considered suitable /A5/ES January 2010

22 Residual Effects Construction of Phase One Construction Noise Following implementation of the above mitigation measures, construction noise effects will be short-term, direct, local and negligible to minor adverse, with the exception of during piling when the effect will be major adverse at worst. Construction Vibration There will be a short-term, direct, local minor adverse effect when works are being undertaken adjacent to the existing dwellings. Operation of Phase One and Construction of Subsequent Development Construction Noise Following implementation of the above mitigation measures, construction noise effects will be short-term, direct, local and negligible with the exception of during piling when a moderate impact is predicted. Construction Vibration There will be a short-term, direct, local minor adverse effect when works are being undertaken adjacent to the existing dwellings. Effect of Noise from Mechanical Plant Affecting Existing and Proposed Sensitive Receptors Adherence to the plant noise criteria shown in Table would result in a long-term, direct, local negligible effect. Effect of Road Traffic Noise from the Overall Development Affecting Existing Sensitive Receptors There will be a long-term, direct, local negligible adverse effect due to operational road traffic noise /A5/ES January 2010

23 Operation of the Overall Development (i.e. Phase One and Subsequent Development complete) Effect of Noise from Mechanical Plant Affecting Existing and Proposed Sensitive Receptors A full assessment should be undertaken when plant selections are known and any mitigation measures will ensure the plant noise limits shown in Table are achieved. Effect of Road Traffic Noise from the Overall Development Affecting Existing Sensitive Receptors There will be a long-term, direct, local negligible to minor adverse effect due to operational road traffic noise. Cumulative Effects Construction of Phase One Committed schemes in the area are of sufficient distance to not cause a cumulative effect at the existing dwellings close to the Overall Development. Operation of Phase One and Construction of Subsequent Development Committed schemes in the area are of sufficient distance to not cause a cumulative effect at the existing dwellings close to the Overall Development. Note that the operation road traffic noise assessment is included in Table Operation of the Overall Development (i.e. Phase One and Subsequent Development complete) Committed schemes in the area are of sufficient distance to not cause a cumulative effect at the existing dwellings close to the Overall Development. Note that the operation road traffic noise assessments shown in Table and Table include traffic movements associated with the committed schemes. Summary The assessment has shown that construction noise will lead to a negligible to major adverse effect. The major adverse effect is predicted during piling, which has not been confirmed as 12212/A5/ES January 2010

24 being required at this stage. Construction vibration effects will be minor adverse when works are being undertaken close to the existing dwellings Plant noise limits have been derived for any mechanical plant associated with the Overall Development, such as for the local centre Mitigation measures have been specified for the proposed dwellings adjacent to the London Exeter railway line to ensure suitable internal noise levels. Vibration from the railway does not pose a constraint to the Overall Development The operational road traffic noise levels have been assessed and result in increases of up to 1 db on the surrounding roads A summary of the noise and vibration effects of the Overall Development is included within Table /A5/ES January 2010

25 Table 11.16: Table of Significance Nature of Potential Effect Effect (Permanent/ Temporary) Construction of Phase One Significance (Major/Moderate/ Minor)(Beneficial/ Adverse/Negligible) Construction noise Temporary Negligible to major adverse Mitigation / Enhancement Measures Temporary screen 2 to 2.5 metres high on the site boundaries between the works and existing receptors. Construction vibration Temporary Minor adverse Watching brief with measurements being undertaken when works are in close proximity to existing receptors and at other times, as necessary. Operation of Phase One and Construction of Subsequent Development Construction Noise Temporary Negligible to major adverse Construction vibration Temporary Negligible to Minor adverse Noise from mechanical plant affecting existing and proposed receptors Road traffic noise from the Overall Development affecting existing sensitive receptors Operation of the Overall Development Road traffic noise from Permanent the Overall Development affecting existing sensitive receptors Effect of London - Exeter railway noise affecting proposed dwellings Temporary screen 2 to 2.5 metres high on the site boundaries between the works and existing receptors. Watching brief with measurements being undertaken when works are in close proximity to existing receptors and at other times, as necessary Geographical Importance* I UK E R C B L Residual Effects (Major/Moderate/Minor) (Beneficial/Adverse/ Negligible) * Negligible to major adverse * Minor adverse * Negligible to moderate adverse * Minor adverse Permanent Negligible Plant noise limits are specified. Adherence to these criteria will ensure the requirements of Test Valley Borough Council are achieved. * Negligible Permanent Negligible None * Negligible Negligible to minor adverse Permanent N/A Suitable glazing units for dwellings overlooking the railway. None * Negligible to minor adverse * N/A 12212/A5/ES January 2010

26 Potential Effect Nature of Effect (Permanent/ Temporary) Significance (Major/Moderate/ Minor)(Beneficial/ Adverse/Negligible) Mitigation / Enhancement Measures Geographical Importance* Residual Effects (Major/Moderate/Minor) (Beneficial/Adverse/ Negligible) Effect of London - Exeter railway noise affecting proposed amenity spaces Permanent N/A None required * N/A Effect of London - Permanent N/A None required * N/A Exeter railway vibration affecting proposed dwellings Cumulative Effects Non e Geographical Level of Importance I = International; UK = United Kingdom; E = England; R = Regional; C = County; B = Borough; L = Local 12212/A5/ES January 2010

27 Monitoring Locations Project Name: Project No: Client Name: Picket Piece, Andover Wates Developments Figure 11.1 Drawn: LB Checked: Approved: Revision: C Date: January 2010

28 Sensitive Receptors Project Name: Project No: Client Name: Picket Piece, Andover Wates Developments Figure 11.2 Drawn: LB Checked: Approved: Revision: B Date: January 2010