Chris Gaston, PhD WOOD 120 October 2015

Transcription

1 TM The renaissance of Canadian wood products and advanced building systems Chris Gaston, PhD WOOD 120 October 2015

2 Overview Canadian fibre supply land base, production and trade End-use markets Lumber, wood based panels and engineered wood products / composites Residential, R&R, non-residential and industrial Bio-energy and bio-chemicals The renaissance of our industry! Product and system evolution / revolution The Green Economy (?) 2

3 Overview of the Canadian forest sector 3

4 Forests of Canada M hectares M certified 37.3 M national parks 2010 (hectares): 0.69 M harvest 12.7 M lost to insects 2.6 M lost to fires 67% coniferous, 16% mixed wood and 11% hardwood 93% publicly owned 30% of the world s boreal forest Source: The State of Canada s Forests, 2012 Annual Report 4

5 Forest industry in Canada key facts Forest Sector Revenues (2010) Forestry and logging $ 7.8 Billion Pulp & paper $25.8 Wood products $20.2 $53.8 Contribution to GDP: $24 Billion Balance of Trade (2010): $17 Billion Average Wages per Employee (2011): $52,673 16% above the national average Direct jobs (2011): 233,900 Job losses since 2006: 86,900 Research and development (2011) Wood Products Manufacturing: $95 Million Pulp and Paper: $56 Forestry and Logging: $ 6 Source: FPAC; The State of Canada s Forests, 2012 Annual Report 5

6 Structural changes in (or affecting) supply US housing collapse Drop in newsprint consumption Rise in lower grade demand (China, bioenergy) Rise in CDN $ value against US currency Annual allowable cut drops Recently Ontario and Quebec; pending in BC with the MPB) Increasing fiber costs Decreasing fiber quality Increasing natural disturbances 6

7 7

8 Wood supply cost in Canada Source: International Wood Markets Group, February

9 Global fibre supply changes Source: Pöyry 9

10 Canada forest products exports Source: Global Trade Atlas 10

11 Canada lumber production Source: Global Trade Atlas 11

12 Canada lumber exports Source: Global Trade Atlas 12

13 Some context: wood-use in the U.S. Source: RISI, Boston, Massachusetts 13

14 U.S. housing starts Source: US Bureau of the Census 14

15 Stick-built platform frame construction The average cost of rough framing, sheathing, soffit, and door / window installation is as low as $8 per sq. ft. ($16,000 for a 2,000 sq. ft. home) 15

16 Pre-fab platform frame construction 16

17 Move to 6-story multi-family Library Square, Kamloops, BC, 2010 Source: WoodWorks 17

18 Move to 6-story multi-family Residential, University of BC Source: Adera, Vancouver, BC 18

19 Six story hybrid wood-concrete Quebec, QC 2010 Source: FPI, Quebec 19

20 Six story hybrid wood-concrete Concrete cores/walls to resist lateral loads Glulam post & beam Source: FPI, Quebec + Three levels of parking (concrete) 20

21 Five story hybrid wood-concrete Earth Sciences Building, UBC Source: Perkins + Will 21

22 Five story hybrid wood-concrete Earth Sciences Building, UBC Source: Perkins + Will 22

23 Consumer reaction to Canadian softwoods 23

24 Tall Buildings Wood Innovation Design Centre, Prince George, BC Source: Michael Green Architecture 24

25 Tall Buildings Proposed 18-storey wood hybrid, UBC Source: 25

26 Tall buildings We are in a unique moment in architectural and building engineering history when shifting world needs has asked us to question some of the fundamentals of how we have built for the last century and how we will build in the next. Michael Green Source: Michael Green Architecture 26

27 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Project of the Canadian Wood Council Source: 27

28 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Residential Wood Design Silver Lake House, Washington Hewitt+Company Architecture Inc. Source: 28

29 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Multifamily Residential Wood Design Red Sky Townhomes, Whistler, B.C. aka architecture + design inc. Source: 29

30 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Commercial Wood Design Salmon Arm Savings & Credit Union Ratio Architecture Source: 30

31 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Interior Beauty Design Forest House, Bowen Island, B.C. JWT Architecture and Planning Source: 31

32 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Institutional Wood Design Yunesit'in Health Centre, Hanceville, B.C. David Nairne + Associates Ltd. Source: 32

33 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Western Red Cedar Liard River Hot Springs, Liard River, B.C. Formline Architecture + Urbanism Source: 33

34 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Engineer Bow River Bridge in Banff, Alberta Fast + Epp Structural Engineers Source: 34

35 Wood Works 2014 Design Awards Wood Champion Peter Busby Perkins + Will Source: 35

36 Wood pellets Source: 36

37 Bio-pathways Source: 37

38 Bio-pathways 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% -10% -20% -30% -40% -50% Source: FPInnovations 38 Pellets East medium Ethanol via Fermentation+ H&P Power Direct Newsprint MDF OSL BCTMP + H&P Medium Biocarbon East Small Particle Board Methanol via Syngas (E) Syngas for lime kiln Biocarbon West Small NBHK + H&P Medium Power via gasification med (E) LWC FT Diesel Mega Value Added MDF NBSK + Ethanol + H&P OSB medium Full Fractionation Value Added Particleboard Ethanol via Syngas (E) NBSK + H&P Medium CHP Direct Pellets West medium SPF West medium CHP via Pyrolysis Nexterra Syngas dryer Nexterra CHP small (<10Mw) CHP (17.8 MW) Lignol Commercial Brownfield LVL large Acetate via Syngas (E) Pyrolysis Stand-alone Torrefied Pellets West Cross Laminated Timber - Medium BC Central Interior ROCE Normalized

39 Bio-pathways II value pathways in construction Market Leader Interviews Architects feel very strong social / environmental responsibility Survey state of market-ready and emerging technologies / products Address business models of innovation How to foster new product development Source: 39

40 Value pathways in construction Forest Industry Transformation (IFIT) program provided $190 million in 2010/2014 to help with the valley of death. Source: 40

41 Examples of new tech / product development Past Heavy focus on commodities Heavy focus on manufacturing cost reductions More limited: Wood modification Engineered wood products Present / future Growing interest in engineered wood products and systems Solid and Composites Bio-energy Bio-chemicals 41

42 Treated lumber Source: US Borax 42

43 Thermally modified wood Source: ThermoWood 43

44 Chemically modified (acetylated) wood Source: Accsys Technologies 44

45 Non structural composites Source: Trex 45

46 Decking 46

47 Decking 47

48 Decking 48

49 Decking At stake for the U.S. market? $4-5 billion annually 49

50 Profiled decking Source: FPInnovations 50

51 Profiled decking Source: FPInnovations 51

52 Sound abatement panels Source: FPInnovations 52

53 Glulam Source: Chantiers Chibougamau 53

54 Glulam Source: Nordic, Structurlam, Western Archrib 54

55 Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Source: FPInnovations 55

56 Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Source: FPInnovations, Quebec City office/laboratory 56

57 Cross laminated timber Source: FPInnovations 57

58 Cross laminated timber Source: KLH 58

59 Cross laminated timber 9-Storey building, London, UK 8-Storey buildings, Växjö, Sweden Source: KLH 59

60 Cross laminated timber Source: KLH 60

61 Kobe-level seismic test 61

62 Cross laminated timber FPInnovations has carried out a number of studies to develop seismic factors for CLT as a lateral load resisting system. Source: FPInnovations 62

63 Cross laminated timber UBC Bio-energy R&D Project Courtesy of McFarland Marceau a r c h i t e c t s l t d 63

64 Parallel and laminated strand lumber (PSL. LSL) Source: FPInnovations, Weyerhaeuser 64

65 Joists 65

66 Dascanova 66

67 Wood fibre insulation Steico, Actis, Pavatex, Gutex and others Source: 67

68 Biodiesel Rudolf Diesel's designed his demonstrated engine in Germany in 1893 running on nothing but peanut oil. Rudolf Diesel Linoleum 68

69 Biodiesel 69

70 Biochemicals / bioproducts 70

71 Star Trek replicator 71

72 3-D printing 72

73 3-D printing 73

74 The ultimate goal Petroleum End-uses Revenues 26% 15% 4% 70% 42% 43% Transportation Fuels Chemicals, Plastics, Rubber Other Fuels and Products Source: T. Werpy, 2009 BioWorld Conference (Modified by Tom Brown) 74

75 Questions? Chris Gaston