Bioenergy. Status and Outlook in Germany

Transcription

1 Bioenergy. Status and Outlook in Germany Dirk Volkmann, Volkmann Consult Energías renovables made in Germany Bioenergía y Geotermia, Lima,

2 Inhalt Introduction Status 2012 Outlook and Perspectives

3 conversion chains for bioenergy sources

4 plantation of renewable resources in Germany plantation area in hectar industrial crops fiber plants medical and coloring plants sugar plants starch plants oil plants energy crops plants for solid biofuel sugar and starch for bio-ethanol plants for biogas canola for biodiesel / vegetable

5 energy crop Industrial crop plantation of renewable resources in Germany (ha) crop raw material industrial starch industrial sugar technical canola oil technical sunflower oil technical linseed oil plant fiber pharmaceuticals and colors canola oil for biodiesel/veg oil crops for bioethanol crops for biogas plants for solid biofuels (agricultural wood)

6 relevance of bioenergy within the renewable energy sector Power 136,1 billion kwh Heat 144,3 billion kwh Fuel 33,5 billion kwh

7 portion of bioenergy of total power generation 2012 Power 23,5 % Heat 10,2 % Fuel 5,7 %

8 development of final energy provision from renewable energy in Germany Electricity Heat AB fuels

9 development of power generation from renewable energy billion kwh (in brackets portion of total energy consumption in %)

10 feed-in and payments according to the Stromeinspeisegesetz and the EEG

11 development of the installed capacity for power generation from renewable energy in Germany hydro onshore offshore biomass photovoltaic

12 development of the renewable energy portion in gross power consumption in Germany renewable portion of gross power consumption minumum target by 2020

13 local bioenergy: what is it able to supply by 2050? energy crops energy wood from forest 360 PJ Agricultural byproducts and waste 300 PJ other biogenic waste 240 PJ

14 manure and agriwaste contains a lot of energy Taking the manure/waste of all cows, pigs and chicken living in Germany we are able to supply 2.5 million households with power and 0.25 million households with heat.

15 Power generation from renewable energy renewable energy supply needs flexible bioenergy power Consumption is covered by... hydro / pump storage solar wind bioenergy electricity consumption export Power production from bioenergy levelizes solar and wind power

16 structure of the provision of electricity from biomass in Germany in 2012

17 development of the provision of electricity and installed capacity of biomass plants in Germany

18 development of the provision of electricity from renewable energy in Germany

19 investment in plants for the utilization of renewable energy in Germany in 2012 total investment: 19.5 biilion

20 turnover of operating renewable energy plants in Germany in 2012 (14.8 billion )

21 development of gross employment in the renewable energy sector in Germany wind biomass solar hydro geothermal public funded R&D/Administration

22 gross employment due to renewable energy in the federal states of Germany wind bioenergy solar hydro geothermal

23 employment in the bioenergy sector and in conventional power generation bioenergy conventional power supply (electricity, natural gas, district heat, oil industry)

24 Cumulative state subsidies from in billions of euros (real prices), share of power consumption Source: BWE - The full costs of power generation A comparison of subsidies and societal cost of renewable and conventional energy sources

25 state subsidies from in billions of euros (real prices) Source: BWE - The full costs of power generation A comparison of subsidies and societal cost of renewable and conventional energy sources

26 Installed capacity of renewable energy divided by group of owners in Germany 2012 public utilities small owners groups total institutional and strategic investors * without wind offshore, geothermal and biogenic portion of waste

27 installed capacity of small owners groups divided by owners in Germany in 2012 small owners groups individual owners total individual shareholders * without wind offshore, geothermal and biogenic portion of waste

28 portion of shareholder groups of installed capacity of single renewable energies in 2012 Small owners groups institutional and strategic investors Public utilities Bioenergy PV wind (onshore)

29 conclusions biomass is an important renewable energy resource which significantly contributes to climate protection different measures of utilization show different GHG emissions and very different reduction potentials within the energy system looking at climate protection aspects we can conclude in general: By-products, residues and waste (esp. manure) have lower emissions compared to energy plants the more efficient the conversion the lower the emissions GHG balance can be optimized by using ALL residues (e.g. poly generation, bio refinery etc.) one of the main drivers is the availability of plants, processes and technologies

30 Country ranking 2012 (CERINA-Plan) Ranking (Vorjahr) Land Differenz reale Änderung EE-Investitionen (CERINA-Plan 2012) reale Investitionen CO2 CO2 CO / / t CO (Mio. t) (Mio. t) (Mio. t) (Mio. t) (%) (Mrd. ) (Mrd. ) Welt , (1.) China , (2.) USA , (3.) Indien (4.) Russland ,3 3,5 5. (5.) Japan , (6.) Deutschland ,5 7. (7.) Südkorea ,2 0,7 8. (8.) Kanada ,5 9. (9.) Saudi-Arabien (10.) Iran , (11.) Großbritannien , (12.) Brasilien , (13.) Mexiko ,3 14. (16.) Indonesien ,9 0,3 15. (15.) Südafrika , (60.) Peru ,8 - Restl. Mittlerer Osten ,6 - Restl. Afrika Restl. Europa & Eurasien ,3 - Restl. Süd-/ Mittelamerika ,3 - Restl. Asien und Pazifik ,5 - Quelle: IWR Research, BP Statistical Review, BMU, BMWi, Bloomberg, BNEF, PWE, FBS/UNEP

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