ORG ANIC WA S TE MANAGEMENT

Transcription

1 AEROBIC FERMENTOR E WA (EC OLO GIC AL WA STE APPAR AT US) ORG ANIC WA S TE MANAGEMENT

2 One of the new and verified composting technologies in closed spaces is the controlled aerobic fermentation technology in EWA aerobic fermenters (with option of biological final drying of the fermented mixture). Thanks to the closed space it is possible to monitor and control the processes. This results in a substantial reduction of the time needed for degradation and transformation of initial substrates. At the same time, negative impacts on the environment are minimized. This is a major difference between controlled aerobic thermophilic fermentation from typical composting sites. The product produced through aerobic fermentation is compost for agrotechnical use, so-called mulch-compost or compost for energy use (biofuel). The by-product of fermentation is water vapour and carbon dioxide. DETERMINATION Technology for BDW (biodegradable waste) and biomass processing (incl. municipal SP-sludge and subsidiary animal products according to Edict 1774/2002 EC) due to Controlled Aerobic Thermofi llic Fermentation. LEGISLATION FRAMEWORK OF EWA TECHNOLOGY Directive No. 1999/31/EC on dumps obliges member states to limit dumping of biologically degradable wastes. By 2010 dumping should be limited to 75 % weight of this waste of the production of this waste from By 2013 to 50 % of the start up base and latest by 2020 to 35 %. Council Directive 96/61/EC on integrated prevention and limitation of pollution, contains a requirements related to the operation of facilities, selection of best available technologies, permitting system, etc. European Parliament and Council Directive 1774/2002 ES, which arranges the handling of biomass of the nature of a by-product of animal origin, which enter into the food chain. INFLUENCE OF EWA FERMENTOR ON ENVIRONMENT When running Aerobic Fermenter EWA: no excesive noise is produced no polluted liquid or solid waste is produced runs with minimum demands for external energy consumption no matters endangering environment are used or arised emits only vapour and carbon dioxide it is possible to equip EWA fermenter with a biological fi lter for smell producing waste processing. (the fi lter load is made of active fermentate which is processsed in the fermenter after losing its fi ltering fi ction). CONSTRUCTION EWA fermenter consists of thermically insulated operation space, system of injectors for intensive airing of the fi ll, system of fi ll shovelling consisting of segmented fl oor and bucket (pocket) conveyer placed on the inside of the fermenter, and integrated device for loading and unloading. All technology points are placed inside ISO40 track container (ALLINONE) The EWA technology is protected by the international patent No.: PCT/CZ2005/ The method of conversion of biodegradable hygienically non-stabilized product into hygienically stabilized product. Aerobic fermentor EWA Certifi cate was bestowed by the Government Testing Laboratory of Agricultural, Food Industry and Forestry Machines in bucket conveyer 2. bucket conveyer drive 3. driving wheels of the bucket conveyer 4. sectional interceiling 5. sectional fl oor 6. airing injector 7. hydraulic unit 8. fan 2

3 1. Organic waste Biologically degradable waste Animal manure and slurry Sewage sludge Paper, wood Biomass Forestry waste Green municipal waste Agricultural residues by-products 2. c) b) a) h 96h h 96 h a) Compost 96 h - Biofuel f) c) b) e) d) 1. Transport, Delivery, Storage of the feedstock 2. Pre-treatment of the feedstock - chopping, mixing, weighing, homogenisation 3. Processing in EWA* a) Loading to EWA Operating personel - 2 h b) Fermentation - Operation controlled by PC h c) Aeration and Shovelling d) Sanitation e) Bio fi nal Drying** Operation controlled by PC - (as necessary) 46 h f) Unloading Operating personel - 2 h 4. Disposal of the product Compost 96 h Biofuel 5. a) Compost for agrotechnical use () Ingredient for recultivation substrates Storage of compost, conditioning and utilisation b) Biofuel (96 h) Production of thermal energy c) Biofuel (96 h)*** Cogeneration, Combined Heat & Power production CHP / ORC * The operation cycle of the aerobic fermentor is controllod on the basis of operation reading of conditions and values which characterize the aerobic fermentation. ** The outlet heat occuring during the fermentation is used for fi nal drying of the fermentate by means of recuperator. *** 10 t / day of fermentate needed (= production of 2 EWA aerobic fermenter). Group setting of aerobic fermenters is used for processing of large amount of biowaste and biomass (2000t and more). 3

4 SCOPE OF DELIVERY The EWA aerobic fermenter is delivered completely equipped to start operation immediately after placement to a designated location and connection to electrical power. Inside arrangement of the aerobic fermenter consists of a working part and a Machine room. Fermentation of material goes on in the working area and individual aggregates, electric distribution and a control computer are located in the machine room. The aerobic fermenter consists of the following functional parts: outer steel cover formed by an ISO container 40 High Cube (40 feet/12 m) fermenter inside working area, self-supporting, drainless heat and noise insulation drive hydraulic system functional parts for loading, aeration, layering and unloading of processed material, integrated inside of the container system for measuring of temperatures and equipment for measuring of oxygen content in the fermenter system for diagnostics and regulation of individual functional fermenter groups electric distribution and power circuits industrial computer for automatic process management and a touch monitor for communications RAW MATERIALS SUITABLE FOR PROCESSING A wide range of biomass types can be used as substrates (feedstock) for the production of Compost from Aerobic Fermentation). Biologically degradable waste (= compostable), then BDW in a sense of the Directive no. 381/2001, which classifi es waste. Biomass and waste from agriculture industry (vegetable and animal origin) Animal manure and slurry Agricultural residues and by-products Dairy industry waste Waste from catering services and food production units (vegetable and animal origin) Organic fraction of municipal waste and from catering (vegetable and animal origin) Separated organic municipal waste (domestic and similar commercial, industrial and school waste) Green municipal waste and forestry waste (gardens, parks, cemeteries, forest areas) Biologically degradable waste from paper, cardboard and wood Sewage sludge (Sludge from biological treatment of industrial waste water) Dedicated energy crops (e.g. maize, miscanthus, sorghum, clover). PRODUCTS OF BDW PROCESSING IN EWA AND EXAMPLES OF USE moisture of compost, intended for soil application, about 40 % moisture of compost for energetic use % temperature during unloading C, with regard to ambient temperature there may be steam developer pathogenic microorganisms are not present (sanitation took place) plant seeds are not viable compost smells after woods, mushrooms or soil bad smell, typical for some entry raw materials, is not apparent, compost is biochemically stabilized color is gray-brown, brown to brown-black optimum ph value of 6 7 compost is loose, individual parts of entry raw materials are apparent As its qualities have been essentially changed it is further on called fermentate. It can be used as: compost for agrotechnical use (after maturing on the surface****) compost ingredient for recultivation substrates biofuel compost for energetic use (according to ed. 482/2005) biofuel Combined Heat & Power production CHP / ORC **** The period of the fi nal conversion of the fermentate into compost intended for application on the soil is 4 8 weeks depending on the used entrance substrates (raw materials) and character of the fi ll. COMPOST FOR ΑGROTECHNICAL USE (MULCH-COMPOST) Usage, contribution and benefits of mulch compost: SURFACE INSULATION conserves moisture reduces temperature differences (cools the plants and also protects against damage through heat) protective covering that reduces weeds around the plants as a covering recultivation layer for industrial and municipal waste landfi lls 4

5 ΤECHNICAL PARAMETERS BE AUTIFICATION makes surface areas more attractive make surface areas more usable for paths, play and sitting areas makes areas easier to maintain SOIL AMENDMENT / IMPROVEMENT beneficial effect of improving the soil s physical properties (especially in arid areas) regulation of water relations - bonds water, restricts water evaporation from the soil and water loss (water savings for artificial irrigation) bonding of nutrients improvement of soil fertility (reduces the need for artificial fertilisers) ingress of live organisms into the soil humidity 2000 t (sludge and biomass) 1650 t of fermentate 40% 96 h 1500 t (sludge and biomass) 1050 t of biofuel 30% kwh Processing cycle humidity 1 t of fermentate output 3,5 40% 1 t of fermentate output 4,8 96 h 30% height: mm weight when empty: t 14,8 loaded container: t 32 fill: t 17,2 operation volume: m³ 36 Installed electrical load: kw 15 Usage for pre-treatment of the feedstock for the fermentation: chopping, mixing, weighing, homogenisation. Chopping/mixing is performed via the slow movement of two converging spiral counter-rotating augers provided with blades and counter blades which help to break down the woody products, preventing the formation of chips and sawdust, thus ensuring appropriate conditions for the decomposition process. INSTALATION REQUIREMENTS mm COMPOSTING MASHINE Bio-Chopper-Mixer ENERGY REQUIREMENTS Capacity width: Raw materials: wood (Forestry waste, wooden chips, old furniture, packaging cases, building materials, palets) and paper. Output (m³/h) Proccesing of organic and anorganic materials, up to 180 mm. Total electric power 45 kw. ANNUAL PROCESSING CAPACITY 1 EWA production Value mm Mobile shredder with sledgehammers for composting of wood and green waste. The crushing unit consists of a rotor, fitted with freely rotating sledgehammers, which are combined with electromotor and special applications that enable shredding of wood as well as paper. humidity: % ashes: max. 20 % proportion C: N ph: 6,0 8,5 heating power per 1kg: 9 12 MJ (2,78 3,34 kwh/kg) specific weight of loose per kg/1 m³: kg capacity Unit length: COMPOSTING MASHINE wood shredder HFG COMPOST FOR ENERGETIC USE (BIOFUEL) Βiofuel selected parameters Processing cycle Τechnical parameters Raw Materials: Wood, forest waste, paper, organic waste from food, municipal plant waste, sewage sludge. Proccesing of organic matterials up to 80 mm electric socket 3 x PEN 400V / 32 A consolidated surface for adjustment of EWA fermenter 5

6 A DVA N TAG E S O F T H E T E C H N O LO GY technology enables compliance with limits EU (temperatures, sanitation, demonstration of compliance with physical and chemical indicators), including bio waste from kitchens and canteens and other secondary animal products according to ECC Directive No. 1774/2002 minimal demands for maturing spaces and handling of product. possible alternative use of product compost for agro-technical and energy use according to seasons and occurrence of BDW. no odour production during shovelling composition of municipal bio wastes, suitable for composting very short compost production time. no polluted liquid or solid waste is produced no excessive noise is produced simplicity and safety progressive technology SOCIO - ECONOMICAL BENEFITS waste collection/disposal fees sale of compost for agricultural use sale of compost for energetical use (biofuel) Heat and energy production contribution to reducing the volume of waste and of costs for waste disposal. reduced dependency on imported fossil fuels and replacement of polluting energy sources by RES reduced greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation of global warming reducing pollution of the ground and the underground water contribution to EU energy and environmental targets job creation EcoFer O.E. Waste treatment, Biomass & Energy Production Vorino N. Pellas, Greece Τel.: Mob.: info@ecofer.eu