Rascal Goose. Reach 1. Rascal Goose. Reach 2. å å å. Main Goose Pit. Stream Reach 3. Main Goose Pit. Stream Reach 7

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1 March ± Goose Lake WRSA B GIS # BAC a PROJECT # Rascal Goose Reach 1 Main Goose Pit Stream Reach 4 Goose Pit Rascal Goose Reach Unnamed Pond Main Goose Pit Stream Reach 1 Main Goose Pit Stream Reach 2 Main Goose Pit Stream Reach Main Goose Pit Stream Reach 3 Goose Airstrip Main Goose Pit Stream Reach Main Goose Pit Stream Reach 6 Main Goose Pit Stream Reach 7 ) Unnamed Pond Unnamed Pond Fish Habitat Assessment Procedures Site Rascal Goose Reach 4 Obstruction Boulder Garden Stream by Reach Reach 1 Rascal Goose Reach ) Unnamed Rascal Goose Reach 5 Pond Reach 2 Reach 3 Reach 4 Reach 5 Reach 7 Rascal Goose Reach Reach 6 Wetted Area Flow Direction # * Existing Exploration Camp Haul and Access Road Diversion Channel Resource Pit Proposed Airstrip Waste Rock Storage Area Rascal Lake 0 1:6, Metres Projection: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 13N Figure Figure Rascal-Goose and Main Goose Pit Stream Reaches and Survey Sites, 2013

2 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table Weighted Mean Habitat Characteristics of Rascal-Goose Stream Reaches, 2013 Rascal-Goose Stream Attribute Units Reach 1 Reach 2 Reach 3 Reach 4 Reach 5 Reach 6 Reach 7 Site number n/a Organics % Fine % Gravel % Cobble % Boulder % Bedrock % Compaction n/a Medium Medium Low Medium Medium High Medium Bank Stability n/a Unstable Unstable Unstable Unstable Unstable Stable Unstable Bank Substrate n/a Fines Fines Fines Fines Fines Boulder Fines Pool % Boulder % Instream Vegetation % Overhead Vegetation % Undercut Bank % Total Cover % Number of Pools no Mean Maximum Pool Depth m Mean Crest Depth m Residual Pool Depth m Riffle no Pool no Run no Cascade no Boulder Garden no Other no n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available No. = number At the time of the survey, the wetted width at Reach 2 was wider than the bankfull width by 2 m, creating off-channel habitat in flooded areas beyond the stream banks (Plate 3.3-2). The channel is wide (18.0 m bankfull width) and low gradient. Fine organic sediments are the primary substrate type. Fine substrates are deleterious to fish species that lay eggs on the stream bed as fine sediments can smother fish eggs. As a result of the substrate composition, no suitable spawning habitat was identified at Reach 2. Rearing habitat in Reach 2 is of fair quality, and overall the reach is identified as important fish habitat. A large temporarily flooded area was observed to the west of Reach 2, running roughly parallel to the stream reach. The wetted area is comprised of ponded overland flow that drains from the west and discharges into Reach 1 (Plate 3.3-3). While likely ephemeral as evidenced by the presence of rooted terrestrial vegetation throughout the wetted area, small unidentified fish were observed within the 3,422 m 2 wetted area, suggesting that it provides seasonal fish habitat. SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-21

3 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Plate Off-channel habitat was present in wetted areas outside the bankfull width at Reach 2 of Rascal-Goose Stream, June 16, Plate Ephemeral fish habitat at a flooded area west of Reach 2 of Rascal-Goose Stream, June 16, RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Reach 3 is comprised entirely of riffle habitat with limited braiding (Plate 3.3-4). Boulder and cobble substrates dominate within the shallow (0.2 m bankfull depth) channel. Substrate compaction is low and there is a moderate amount of instream cover provided by boulders and undercut banks, providing fair habitat for rearing fish. Overall, the reach is important fish habitat. Plate Upstream view of riffle habitat at Reach 3 of Rascal-Goose Stream, June 16, Reach 4 is differentiated from Reach 3 by greater width (bankfull width = 3.7 m) and the presence of multiple braided channels (Plate 3.3-5). Reach 4 is the longest reach in the Rascal-Goose Stream (806 m) and comprises 22% of the stream s total length. As with Reach 3, Reach 4 is composed entirely of riffle habitat with cobble as the primary substrate type. Reach 4 contains pockets of gravel that provide fair spawning habitat and contains some instream cover from boulders that provides fair rearing habitat. The reach is characterized as important fish habitat overall. Reach 5 encompasses the inflow and outflow of a small unnamed pond downstream of Rascal Lake. The low gradient in Reach 5 (0% slope) results in a greater retention of fines within the channel (Plate 3.3-6). Reach 5 contains little instream cover for rearing fish (poor rearing habitat) and the presence of 60% fines in the substrate results in a lack of suitable fish spawning habitat. Overall, the reach provides marginal quality fish habitat, although the pond may provide higher quality rearing habitat due to the cover provided by the deeper water. Reach 6 is the outflow of Rascal Lake. Reach 6 is relatively heterogeneous compared to other reaches, as it contains riffle, pool, and run habitat (Plate 3.3-7). Boulders are the primary substrate type and it is the only reach of Rascal-Goose Stream to contain bedrock. The single pool in Reach 6 is deep, with a residual pool depth of 0.7 m and may provide higher quality rearing habitat. Otherwise, the quality of the rearing habitat is characterized as fair due to the high channel gradient (4%), and the large substrate size results in the absence of any observed spawning habitat. The reach is characterized as important fish habitat overall. SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-23

5 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Plate Braiding at Reach 4 of Rascal-Goose Stream, June 16, Plate Low gradient channel at Reach 5 of Rascal-Goose Stream, June 16, RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

6 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Plate Riffle and pool habitat at Reach 6 of Rascal-Goose Stream, June 16, While the majority of water from Reach 6 discharges north-east into Reach 5, some discharges northwest into Reach 7, instead. Reach 7 runs approximately parallel to and west of Reach 5. Reach 7 is comprised of boulder garden habitat with open water (Plate 3.3-8). The channel is wide (17.0 m bankfull width) but shallow (0.19 bankfull depth). The reach may become seasonally impassable to fish during low flow periods due to the abundance of large, closely packed boulders. Rearing habitat in Reach 7 is of good quality, and the reach is considered important overall fish habitat. Plate Boulder-dominated substrate at Reach 7 of Rascal-Goose Stream, June 16, SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-25

7 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Main Pit Streams There are seven reaches that form the Main Pit streams, which are an assortment of tributaries that flow into the Rascal-Goose stream or Goose Lake within the main pit area (Figure 3.3-1). The seven reaches are not consecutive reaches of a single stream, but rather several streams in close proximity with similar habitat characteristics which will be grouped together for the purposes of this report. Reach 1 of the Main Pit streams is a side channel to Rascal-Goose Stream. It collects overland flow from west of Rascal-Goose stream and flows north to discharge into Reach 3 of Rascal-Goose Stream. It is intermittently channelized, and in between channelized sections the water flows over land through rooted vegetation and grasses (Plate 3.3-9). Where a channel is present it is very narrow (bankfull width = 0.1 m) and shallow (bankfull depth = 0.04; Table 3.3-3). Instream vegetation covers 70% of the bankfull area and the substrate is comprised entirely of organic fines (Table 3.3-4). Although there is abundant instream vegetation, poor connectivity of the channel results in poor rearing habitat, and the presence of 100% organics in the substrate results in a lack of suitable fish spawning habitat. Overall, the reach provides marginal quality fish habitat. Plate Intermittent channelization at Reach 1 of the Main Pit streams, June 16, Reach 2 of the Main Pit streams discharges into Reach 3 of Rascal-Goose stream from the west. The morphology is composed entirely of riffle habitat with no secondary habitat present. Cobble substrates are dominant and the moderately abundant instream cover is primarily provided by boulders (Plate ). It provides good quality rearing and spawning habitat from the abundant cover and major presence of cobble substrate. Given the limited quantity of good spawning habitat in the Goose Lake watershed, the presence and accessibility of such habitat results in the categorization of Reach 2 as critical fish habitat RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

8 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table Characteristics of Main Pit Streams Reaches, 2013 Goose Pit Streams Attribute Units Site n/a Morphology n/a Side channel Riffle Run Run Run Run Run Secondary Habitat n/a Int. - Braided OCH Braided OCH Braided Reach Length m Mean Gradient % Mean Bankfull Width m Mean Wetted Width m Mean Bankfull Depth m Mean Wetted Depth m Bankfull area m ,166 1, Spawning n/a None Good Fair Poor Good None None Overwintering n/a None None None None None None None Rearing n/a Poor Good Good Good Good Poor Poor Overall n/a Marginal Critical Important Important Critical Marginal Marginal Braided = braided channel morphology Int. = intermittent channelization OCH = off-channel habitat n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available Table Weighted Mean Habitat Characteristics of Main Pit Streams Reaches, 2013 Goose Pit Streams Attribute Units Site n/a Organics % Fine % Gravel % Cobble % Boulder % Bedrock % Compaction n/a High Medium Medium High High High High Bank Stability n/a Unstable Unstable Unstable Stable Unstable Unstable Unstable Bank Substrate n/a Fines Fines Fines Fines Fines Fines Fines Number of Pools no Mean Maximum Pool Depth m Mean Crest Depth m Mean Residual Depth m Pool % Boulder % Instream Vegetation % (continued) SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-27

9 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Table Weighted Mean Habitat Characteristics of Main Pit Streams Reaches, 2013 (completed) Goose Pit Streams Attribute Units Overhanging Vegetation % Undercut Bank % Total Cover % Riffle no Pool no Run no Cascade no Boulder Garden no Other no n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available No. = number Plate Instream boulders provide cover at Reach 2 of the Main Pit streams, June 16, Reach 3 of the Main Pit streams is an outflow from an unnamed pond west of Rascal-Goose Stream and discharges into Reach 2 of the Main Pit streams and into Reach 3 of Rascal-Goose Stream. It contains riffle and run habitat units. It is larger than the other Main Pit streams (bankfull width = 5.0 m). It is important fish habitat, as it provides good rearing habitat and fair quality spawning habitat. A boulder garden creates a possible fish barrier at the upstream end of the reach (Plate ) RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

10 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Plate A boulder garden at the upstream end of Reach 3 of the Main Pit streams forms a potential barrier to fish passage, June 16, Reach 4 is located east of the Rascal-Goose stream. It discharges into a narrow embayment of Goose Lake. Reach 4 is a moderate gradient run. The bankfull width and depth are highly variable (Plate ). At the time of the survey it had flooded beyond the 1.5 m bankfull width and as a result there was abundant off-channel habitat. The substrate is primarily fine organic matter with areas of gravel and cobble. The reach has poor potential as spawning habitat due to the abundance of fine sediments, but it contains good quality rearing habitat and is overall important fish habitat. Plate Variable stream widths and off-channel habitat at Reach 4 of the Main Pit streams, June 18, SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-29

11 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Upstream of Reach 4 there is a large (18,800 m 2 ) pond. At the time of the survey the pond was very shallow (maximum depth = 0.6 m) but satellite imagery and the presence of saturated, unvegetated fluvial sediments beyond the shoreline suggests that the pond size and depth may be greater at other times (Plate ). Plate Saturated fluvial sediments on the shoreline suggest that the pond upstream of Main Pit Goose Stream Reach 4 may at times cover a greater area, June 18, Reach 5 is located upstream of the pond, to the east of Goose-Rascal stream. The stream channel of Reach 5 is wide (bankfull width = 2.3 m), shallow (bankfull depth = 0.10 m) and braided. Both riffle and run units are present. Reach 5 contains moderate amounts of gravel substrate and instream cover, creating good spawning and rearing habitat (Plate ). With the limited areas of good spawning habitat, the reach provides overall critical fish habitat. Plate Potential spawning gravels at Reach 5 of the Main Pit streams, June 18, RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

12 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Reach 6 is located upstream of Reach 5. It is primarily differentiated from Reach 6 by its narrower width (bankfull width = 0.7 m) and the dominance of fine sediments in the substrate. The wetted width in this reach was greater than the bankfull width at the time of the survey, resulting in the formation of off-channel habitat where the surface water flowed through the surrounding grasses (Plate ). Although there is abundant instream vegetation in the form of overhanging vegetation, poor connectivity of the channel results in poor rearing habitat. No spawning habitat was identified within the reach, and the overall habitat quality is marginal. Plate Off-channel habitat and intermittent channel at Reach 6 of the Main Pit streams, June 18, Reach 7 of the Main Pit streams connects a small pond east of Rascal-Goose Stream to Reach 2 of Rascal Goose Stream. The channel is narrow (bankfull width = 0.2 m) and shallow (bankfull depth = 0.10 m), although the wetted width and wetted depth were greater than bankfull widths and depths at the time of the survey. The reach is braided with primarily fine sediment substrates and abundant cover in the form of instream vegetation (Plate ). Overall the fish habitat is marginal, as there is no identified spawning habitat and the rearing habitat is poor due to the small size of the channel. Umwelt Outflow There are seven reaches that form the Umwelt Outflow, starting from the downstream end of Umwelt Outflow where it discharges into Goose Lake and moving upstream towards Umwelt Lake (Figure 3.3-2). Reach 1 of Umwelt Lake Outflow is directly upstream of Goose Lake. This reach is wide (bankfull width = 35.0) and deep (bankfull depth = 1.5 m) with vertical bedrock walls (Table and Table 3.3-6). Habitat in the reach is provided by boulders, which are the dominant substrate (Plate ). Pockets of water greater than 2 m in depth may provide fair quality overwintering habitat, while the abundant instream cover and low gradient provide good quality rearing habitat. The habitat in Reach 1 is characterized as important fish habitat. A short cascade at the upstream end of the reach is not likely a barrier to fish migration, but may impede the upstream migration of small fish. SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-31

13 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Plate Reach 7 of the Main Pit Streams was small with abundant instream vegetation, June 18, Plate A view of Reach 1 of Umwelt Outflow from upstream, June 15, RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

14 GIS # BAC b March 16, ± PROJECT # Umwelt Pit Umwelt Lake Reach 7 Ú Û Ú Û Reach 6 Fish Habitat Assessment Procedures Site Reach 5 Reach 5 ) Cascade # * Ú Û Falls Obstruction Reach 4 Sub-surface Flow Stream by Reach Reach 1 Reach 3 Reach Reach 2 Reach 3 Reach 1 Reach 4 Reach 6 # * ) Goose Lake Reach 7 Wetted Area S Flow Direction Underground Ramp Haul and Access Road Resource Pit 0 1:6, Metres Projection: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 13N Figure Umwelt Outflow Stream Reaches and Survey Sites, 2013

15 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table Characteristics of Umwelt Outflow Stream Reaches, 2013 Umwelt Outflow Attribute Units Site n/a , Morphology n/a Run Cascade Riffle Run BG Run Run Secondary Habitat n/a Braided, OCH OCH Reach Length m Mean Gradient % Mean Bankfull Width m Mean Wetted Width m Mean Bankfull Depth m Mean Wetted Depth m Bankfull area m 2 5,471 1,418 1,706 10,476 8,905 1, Spawning n/a None Poor Poor None None Good Fair Overwintering n/a Fair None None None None None None Rearing n/a Good Poor Good Poor Fair Good Good Overall n/a Important Marginal Important Marginal Important Important Important BG = boulder garden Braided = braided channel morphology OCH = off-channel habitat n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available Table Weighted Mean Habitat Characteristics of Umwelt Outflow Stream Reaches, 2013 Umwelt Outflow Attribute Units Organics % Fine % Gravel % Cobble % Boulder % Bedrock % Compaction n/a Low Low Low Low Low Medium High Bank Stability n/a Stable Stable Stable Stable Stable Unstable Stable Bank Substrate n/a Bedrock Bedrock Boulder Bedrock Boulder Fines Fines Number of Pools no Mean Maximum Pool Depth m Mean Crest Depth m Mean Residual Depth m Pool % Boulder % Instream Vegetation % (continued) SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-35

16 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Table Weighted Mean Habitat Characteristics of Umwelt Outflow Stream Reaches, 2013 (completed) Umwelt Outflow Attribute Units Overhanging Vegetation % Undercut Bank % Total Cover % Riffle no Pool no Run no Cascade no Boulder Garden no Other no n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available No. = number Cascade and riffle habitat characterize the majority of Reach 2. The reach gradient is high (6% slope), and the reach is of marginal habitat quality for fish due to the presence of a cascade barrier and thus poor rearing and spawning habitat. Subsurface flow and boulder and bedrock substrate prevent the formation of scour pools or other morphological features that could aid fish in the navigation of the 3.8 m high cascade, and as a result it forms a barrier to fish passage (Plate ). An off-channel wetted area south of Reach 2 is unconnected to the stream channel downstream of the cascade and does not provide a route for fish passage. Plate Boulders and bedrock formations obscure the water where the change in elevation marks the barrier to fish passage at Reach 2 of Umwelt Outflow, June 15, RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

17 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The habitat in Reach 3 is heterogeneous and includes riffle, run, and boulder garden habitat units (Plate ). Boulder and cobble are the dominate substrate types and boulders provide abundant instream cover. The channel is relatively deep (bankfull depth = 0.55 m). Spawning habitat is of poor quality due to the large substrate size. The abundance of instream cover and moderate gradient provide good rearing habitat and overall important fish habitat. Plate Riffle and glide habitat at Reach 3 of Umwelt Outflow, June 15, Reach 4 is wide (bankfull width = 18.0 m), and provides fair rearing habitat and overall marginal fish habitat. While boulder substrates provide instream cover, they may also impede fish movement through shallow areas of the channel. The majority of the reach is typified by shallow, boulder-filled runs between which there are several pools with bedrock substrate and sparse instream cover (Plate ). Upstream of Reach 4, Umwelt Outflow flows through a large, wetted boulder garden area that comprises Reach 5 of Umwelt Outflow (Plate ). The wetted area covers approximately 8,905 m 2 and contains approximately 50% open water and 50% boulder islands, bedrock outcrops, and other non-wetted features. There is no distinct channel in this area and little to no observable flow of water, and as such some habitat summary measurements such as bankfull widths and depths were not applicable. The abundant instream cover from boulders and pools, with little flow provides fair rearing habitat, and an important overall habitat quality. The upstream end of this area is bounded by an area where all water flow is subsurface, creating an impassable barrier to fish. Reach 6 is the primary inflow to an unnamed pond upstream of Reach 5. The reach is extensively braided, especially at the downstream end of the reach. At the time of the survey, water levels were high and the wetted width was more than double the bankfull width (wetted width = 12.1 m; bankfull width = 4.0 m). The flooded area created additional instream cover where it flowed through vegetated areas (Plate ). Cobble and boulder are the primary substrate types, however pockets of gravel provide good potential spawning habitat. The moderate gradient and instream cover provide good rearing habitat. The overall habitat is valued as important. The upstream end of Reach 6 is bounded by an unnamed shallow pond with primarily fine organic substrates and little fish cover. The wetted area of the pond is 3,201 m 2. SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-37

18 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Plate Run with boulder substrate and pool with bedrock substrate in Reach 4 of Umwelt Outflow, June 15, Plate Non-channelized wetted area upstream of Reach 4 of Umwelt Outflow, June 15, RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

19 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Plate Off-channel habitat at Reach 6 of Umwelt Outflow, June 15, Reach 7 discharges from Umwelt Lake into the unnamed pond. It is a shorter reach (79.2 m) with fair spawning habitat and good rearing habitat. The overall habitat quality is important. The substrate is a combination of organic fine sediment, sand, and gravel (Plate ). Instream cover was provided by instream vegetation in flooded areas outside the banks. Plate Small pockets of spawning gravel at Reach 7 of Umwelt Outflow, June 15, SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-39

20 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Llama Outflow There are two reaches that form the Llama Outflow, starting from the downstream end of Llama Outflow where it discharges into Umwelt Lake and moving upstream towards Llama Lake (Figure 3.3-3). Reach 1 of Llama Outflow is immediately upstream of Umwelt Lake (Plate ). It is a narrow reach (bankfull width = 0.7 m), although at the time of the survey the water had flooded over the banks and was providing off-channel habitat (wetted width = 3.1 m; Table and Table 3.3-8). The substrate is primarily cobble and boulder, which provides abundant instream cover and good habitat for rearing fish. The spawning habitat is of fair quality and the reach contains important overall fish habitat. Plate Reach 1 of Llama Outflow upstream of Umwelt Lake, June 18, Reach 2 of Llama Outflow is of moderate size (bankfull width = 2.9 m) and is shallow (bankfull depth = 0.13 m). The substrate is a mixture of fines, gravel, cobble, and boulder, with appropriate-sized substrate to provide good grayling spawning habitat in some microhabitat units (Plate ). The habitat is also of good quality for rearing. Good spawning habitat is not common in the Llama and Umwelt area, and as a result the good spawning habitat in Llama Outflow is of critical value. Giraffe Inflow There are five reaches that form the Giraffe Inflow, starting from the downstream end of Giraffe Inflow where it discharges into Giraffe Lake and moving upstream (Figure 3.3-4). Directly upstream of Giraffe Lake, Reach 1 of Giraffe Inflow consists of boulder garden morphology with only intermittent areas of open water between which water flows subsurface (Table 3.3-9). Although off-channel habitat and other types of non-channelized wetted areas are frequent within Reach 1, there is no continuous wetted area that could provide potential fish passage upstream of Giraffe Lake and thus no fish habitat is present (Plate ). Where surface water is present, deep pools are a frequent habitat type, although some riffle habitat was also identified (Table ) RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

21 March 17, WRSA A ± GIS # BAC c Llama Pit Llama Lake PROJECT # Goose Property Area Reach 2 Reach 1 Fish Habitat Assessment Procedures Site Stream by Reach Reach 1 Reach 2 Wetted Area Haul and Access Road Resource Pit Waste Rock Storage Area Umwelt Lake 1:3, Pond Potential Development Area (PDA) Metres Projection: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 13N Figure Llama Outflow Stream Reaches and Survey Sites, 2013

22 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table Characteristics of Llama Outflow Stream Reaches, 2013 Llama Outflow Attribute Units 1 2 Site n/a Morphology n/a Run Run Secondary Habitat n/a Braided with OCH - Reach Length m Mean Gradient % Mean Bankfull Width m Mean Wetted Width m Mean Bankfull Depth m Mean Wetted Depth m Bankfull area m Spawning n/a Fair Good Overwintering n/a None None Rearing n/a Good Good Overall n/a Important Important Braided = braided channel morphology OCH = off-channel habitat n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available Table Weighted Mean Habitat Characteristics of Llama Outflow Stream Reaches, 2013 Llama Outflow Attribute Units 1 2 Organics % 0 0 Fine % 0 5 Gravel % 0 10 Cobble % Boulder % Bedrock % 0 0 Compaction n/a Medium Medium Bank Stability n/a Stable Stable Bank Substrate n/a Cobble Cobble Number of Pools no. 0 0 Mean Maximum Pool Depth m - - Mean Crest Depth m - - Mean Residual Depth m - - Pool % 0 0 Boulder % 30 5 Instream Vegetation % 0 2 Overhanging Vegetation % 0 0 (continued) SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-43

23 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Table Weighted Mean Habitat Characteristics of Llama Outflow Stream Reaches, 2013 (completed) Llama Outflow Attribute Units 1 2 Undercut Bank % 0 1 Total Cover % 30 8 Riffle no. 0 0 Pool no. 0 0 Run no. 1 1 Cascade no. 0 0 Boulder Garden no. 0 0 Other no. 0 0 n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available No. = number Plate Mixed substrate types in Reach 2 of Llama Outflow, June 18, Reach 2 is a long (383.6 m) deep (1.2 m maximum depth) pool-riffle complex located upstream of the barriers identified in Reach 1. Boulder and bedrock are the dominant substrate types (Plate ). The gradient is low. Rearing habitat is of fair quality, but no spawning or overwintering habitat was identified within the reach. Habitat in Reach 2 has no value to fish populations due to barriers upstream and downstream preventing movement in or out of the reach RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014

24 GIS # BAC d March 16, ± PROJECT # Unnamed Pond Leaf Lake ) ) ) Reach 5 ) TIA Reach 3 Reach 2 Reach 4 Giraffe Lake ) (! ) Reach Reach 5 (! Ú Û )Ú!Û ( ) Obstruction ) ) ) (! Boulder Garden Ú Û Underground Flow Cascade Ú Û Fish Habitat Assessment Procedures Site Rock Stream by Reach Ú Û Reach 2 Reach 3 Reach 4 Reach 5 Ú Û Tailings Impoundment Area Embankment Tailings Impoundment Area WRSAA Waste Rock Storage Area 1:4, Metres Projection: NAD 1983 UTM Zone 13N Figure Giraffe Inflow Stream Reaches and Survey Sites, 2013

25 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table Characteristics of Giraffe Inflow Stream Reaches Giraffe Inflow Attribute Units Site n/a 210, 211, 212, Morphology n/a Boulder Garden Pool Boulder Garden Riffle Riffle Secondary Habitat n/a OCH OCH Intermittent channel OCH, incoming seeps Braided, incoming seeps Reach Length m Mean Gradient % Mean Bankfull Width m Mean Wetted Width m Mean Bankfull Depth m Mean Wetted Depth m Bankfull area m 2-3, ,038 5,227 Spawning n/a None None None None* None* Overwintering n/a None None None None None* Rearing n/a None None* None* None* None* Overall n/a None None* None* None* None* Braided = braided channel morphology OCH = off-channel habitat n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available * Lack of habitat a consequence of fish access to reach, not habitat characteristics Plate Fish access upstream of the deep pool (left) is prevented by rocks and subsurface flow forming a barrier (right), Reach 1, Giraffe Inflow, June 14, SABINA GOLD & SILVER CORP. 3-47

26 2013 FRESHWATER FISH AND FISH HABITAT BASELINE REPORT Table Weighted Mean Habitat Characteristics of Giraffe Inflow Stream Reaches, 2013 Giraffe Inflow Attribute Units Organics % Fine % Gravel % Cobble % Boulder % Bedrock % Compaction n/a - Low Low Low Low Bank Stability n/a Stable Stable Stable Stable Stable Bank Substrate n/a - Bedrock Boulder Boulder Bedrock Number of Pools no Mean Maximum Pool Depth m Mean Crest Depth m Mean Residual Depth m Pool % Boulder % Instream Vegetation % Overhanging Vegetation % Undercut Bank % Total Cover % Riffle no Pool no Run no Cascade no Boulder Garden no Other no n/a = not applicable Dashes indicate data not available No. = number Reach 3 is a boulder garden with intermittent channelization (Plate ). An impassable boulder garden located mid-reach prevents potential fish passage through the reach. Instream and bank substrates are dominated by boulder and cobble. The open water areas are characterized by pool and riffle morphology. Pools and riffles are created due to bedrock formations, and there is little evidence of streambed scour influencing stream morphology. Habitat in Reach 3 has no value to fish populations due to barriers preventing movement into and within the reach. Reach 4 is primarily riffle habitat. There is abundant off-channel habitat and several locations where groundwater seeps enter the main channel. As in Reaches 1 through 3, boulder and cobble are the dominant substrate types, but in Reach 4 there are pockets of gravel that provide potential, though poor-quality, spawning habitat. Instream boulders and overhanging vegetation from small shrubs provide instream cover, and the potential as rearing habitat is fair. Habitat in Reach 4 has no value to fish populations due to barriers upstream and downstream preventing movement in or out of the reach. Approximately 80 m upstream of the downstream end of the reach, a shallow boulder garden forms a fish barrier preventing fish movement into the reach from downstream (Plate ) RESCAN ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES LTD., AN ERM COMPANY PROJ# REV A.1 MARCH 2014