Process Development and Application of Membrane Technology

Transcription

1 Process Development and Application of Membrane Technology Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd. Process and Production Technology Center Masahiko KURUMATANI Takenori KITAURA Membrane separation is the separation from a mixture, of components of different molecular weights or different chemical properties utilizing the separation ability of s. It is a far less energy intensive process than distillation because it doesn t involve any phase changes. Furthermore, the application of technology is not limited to just separation ; emulsifications and reactions are also possible. The authors of this paper are currently working to develop processes based on such technologies and here they introduce some new technologies and report on their progress in applying these technologies to the separation of resin solutions, effluent treatment and the advanced purification of pigments. Fig. 1 Reverse osmosis Nanofiltration Ultrafilter Microfiltration Pervaporation Electrodialysis Fig. 1 Molecular weight 1,000,000,000 Applicable ranges of separation s [Data from reference 1) ] 1 07-

2 RO NF UF MF Fig. 1 R = 1 Cp Cb (Eq. 1) t A Wp 2 Fig. 2 Membrane Cross flow filtration system F = Wp t A (Eq. 2) 3) 4 Fig. 3 Demineralized liquid d liquid solution Membrane Dead end filtration system Fig. 2 Membrane separation system schemes Negative electrode Cation-exchange Water Anion-exchange Positive electrode Cation Anion 3 2) 4 R Eq. 1F Eq. 2 2 CbCp 90 Fig. 3 The principle of electrodialysis s ph SS 1Dead-End 07-

3 RONFUFMF NaCl Fig. 4 1 Rejection [%] Fig. 4 Molecular weight Relationship between molecular weight and rejection A B C D E F 3 1 Fig. 6 solution Batch-wise Conservation Recycle Single-pass 0.1 3MPa Conservation solution Fig. 6 Diafiltration Filtration system 2 4) Fig. 5 Fig. 5 An example of an element sequence (Christmas tree sequence) 2 07-

4 1 kg/ m 2 hr 1 Fig. 7p- 172 Permeation flux of p-toluenesulfonic Acid [kg/hr/m 2 ] Fig Rate of desalination of anion-exchange 2 3S 3 1Ton/hr A B C D E F G Type of anion-exchange Table 1 Table 1 Application Purification Fractionation A summary of processes based on technology and some examples of their application Type of * ) ED ED, UF ED UF UF UF Detail of separation process Separation of alcohol and sodium formate Desalination of pigment Organic acid purification from drainage Separation of polymer and monomer Separation of polymer and organic acid Oraganic recovery from emulsion Concentration RO Concentration of COD component from drainage *) RO : reverse osmosis, UF : ultrafilter, ED : electrodialysis 1 1,3 Benzenediol 5) , RF Fig. 8 RF Fig

5 Fig. 8 OH OH HO OH n Structual formula of RF-resin 3 COD 16.4Ton/hr 1.1Ton/hr15/ Composition [%] 40% 35% 30% 25% % 15% % Before purification After purification 1 COD 40 0 RONF4 2.5MPa Table 2 Fig. 9 5% 0% Molecular weight [] Change of distribution of molecular weight 1 COD BT COD BT Ton/hr COD BT Fig. Drainage Fig. Membrane equipment Permeation liquid d liquid Membrane process of drainage Biotreatment Incineration Table 2 Result of Dead-end filtration experiment Name of BW-30 XLE NF-90 DK Type of RO RO NF NF Permeation Rejection of flux COD component [kg/(m 2 hr)] [%] Highly loaded components of Biotreatment Blocked s s s RO BW-30 Film Tech Dow COD BT BW- 3015BW-30 BW-30 SW-30 Film Tech Dow 2 i BW-30 SW-30 Fig. 11 BW-30 SW-30 15kg/ m 2 hr BW-30 SW-30 2 ii BW-30 Fig

6 Permeation flux [kg/(m 2 hr)] Fig BW-30 (3MPa) 40 SW-30 (6MPa) Concentration rate [] Relationship between concentration rate and permeation Table 3 Details of the process BW unit SW unit Element BW (8inch) Membrane area [m 2 ] Arrangement 4inline 3parallel4inline 2parallel4inline Pumping ability Pump head [MPa-A] 5.2 rate [Ton/hr] 24 Concentration rate [] 5.5 rate Provision [Ton/hr] 19.4 [Ton/hr] 9 Recycle [Ton/hr] 6 [Ton/hr].4 SW30HR-380 (8inch) inline 2parallel4inline Permeation flux [kg/(m 2 hr)] Fig. 12 Time [day] Permeation flux Rejection COD 90 Result of tests under continuous operation Rejection [%] Fig. 13 Table Table 4 wt 1SO4 2 ppm Table 4 Ion content of the process liquid and the required specification 3 i Ion Cu 2 Li NH4 Na SO4 2 Cl Content [ppm] Process liquid Required specification Recycle Recycle Drainage BW-30 unit SW-30 unit Prefilter (0.5µm) Fig. 13 Flow diagram of a process 07-

7 2 1 G- Desal SO4 2 40kg/ m 2 hr 2 Eq. 3 SWdW0 S = Wd W0 (Eq. 3) Fig. 14 wt 25 25kg/ m 2 hr A1 2 phfig. 15 Table 5Fig min SO4 2 ppmppm Electric conductivity [ms], ph value Fig. 15 liquid ph liquid electric conductivity Permeation liquid electric conductivity Current 0.8 Time [min] Desalination behavior of electrodialysis Current [A] SO4 2 concentration in pigment solution [ppm] 00 0 Fig Permeation ratio [] Specification Desalination performance of cross-flow filtration 3 1 Li SO4 2 CIMS Table 5 Comparison of filtration s and electrodialysis s Desalination ability (SO4 2 ) [ppm] Required necessary area [m 2 ] Capital-investment [M ] Filtration Electrodialysis 3 ppm ppm Table 5 07-

8 4 1 6) Fig. 16 Porous Pressure Fig. 17 N N Structural formula of tetra-n-butylammonium 2 Fig n- 80 F Dispersal phase Continuous phase (Emulsion) Demineralized liquid R F K Cl Fig. 16 Principle of emulsification 4 7) 14 -n-fig Negative electrode Provision liquid K F Process liquid Fig. 18 R Cl R K F Cl Ion exchange dialysis Positive electrode Ion-exchange water K 07-

9 ph 1),,, (1996), p.5 2),,, (06), p.14 3),,,,,,, (04), p.61 4),,,, (1999), p.6 5), (02) 6),,,, (1999), p.3 7), (06) PROFILE Masahiko KURUMATANI Takenori KITAURA 07-