AP-Environmental Science Summer Assignment

Transcription

1 AP-Environmental Science Summer Assignment Welcome to the wonderful world of environmental science. This year you will learn relevant information pertaining to the world around you. In order to better prepare you for this advanced placement class, the following summer assignment needs to be completed by the first day of class. All Assignments are to be HAND-WRITTEN unless otherwise specified. If you require clarification on any of the assignments, please contact me by at: Table of Contents: Part I - Research: 50 product points (May be typed.) Part II - Basic Math Skills: Math Problems, 100 point process grade Part III - Environmental Law: 130 point process grade Part IV - Vocabulary and chemical symbols: 64 process points Part V - Environmental Disasters 40 point process grade There will be quizzes on this material during the first week of school. These quizzes are noted in each section. Part I Assignments A. Renewable resources in Maryland. This part of the assignment can be typed. Using the following website you will research renewable resources in Maryland. Answer the following questions: 1. What does the Maryland Energy Administration do for Marylanders? 2. What is the EmPOWER Maryland clean energy program, and what are its goals? 3. How much renewable energy is generated in Maryland and from what types? 4. What are Maryland s clean energy goals? 5. What is the Renewable Portfolio Standard, and what does it mean to me? 6. What is net metering? 7. How much money is available for renewable energy grants in Maryland? (Where does the money come from?)

2 B. Current Energy News Research one current event that addresses renewable energy in Maryland. It must have occurred within the 2013 calendar year. Write a brief (one page max.) summary of the article and include the web address. Do not use Wikipedia, please. Part II Basic Math Skills (Borrowed from: Percentage 17%=17/100=.17 - Remember that percent literally means divided by Percentage is a measure of the part of the whole: (part/whole) x million is what percentage of the US population? 15 million/300 million =.05 or 5% - What is 20% of this $15 bill so that I can give a good tip? $15 x.20 = $15 x (20/100) = $3 -- What is the percentage growth? New old/old X 100 Scientific Notation Thousand = 10 3 = 1,000 Million = 10 6 = 1,000,000 Billion = 10 9 = 1,000,000,000 Trillion = = 1,000,000,000,000 - When using very large numbers, scientific method is often easiest to manipulate. For example, The US population is 300 million or 3 X When adding or subtracting, exponents must be the same. Add the numbers in front of the ten and keep the exponent the same. - When multiplying or dividing, multiple or divide the number in front of the ten and add the exponents if multiplying or subtract the exponents if dividing. Ex. 9 x 10 6/ 3 x 10 2 = (9/3) x 10(6 2) = 3 x 10 4 Dimensional Analysis You should be able to convert any unit into any other unit accurately. You will be expected to write all problems in this format. You can go to the following site for guidance if you are not familiar with this method.

3 Prefixes You must also be able to make simple conversions and know the following prefixes: You will have a quiz the first week of class on prefixes and simple conversions. 20 points product grade Tera (T) : Kilo (k) : 10 3 Deci (d) : 10-1 Micro (μ) : 10 6 Giga (G) : 10 9 Hector (h) : 10 2 Centi (c) : 10 2 Nano (n) : 10-9 Mega (M) : 10 6 Deka (da) : 10 Milli (m) : 10 3 For example: 1 mg (milligram) = 1/1000 g (gram) 1 km (kilometer) = 1000 M (meters) Assignment Part II: Math Problems- 100 point process grade Answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Show all of your work. For any conversions questions, be sure to use dimensional analysis! 1) What is one million times one thousand? Show your work in scientific notation. Give the answer in scientific notation and in words. 2) A population of deer had 200 individuals. If the population grows by 15% in one year, how many deer will there be the next year? 3) One year I had 40 APES students and the next year I had 50. By what percentage did the population of APES students grow? 4) Electricity costs 6 cents per kilowatt hour (kwh). In one month one home uses one megawatt hour of electricity. How much will the bill be? (Use the prefixes chart on the previous page for the conversion of kilo to mega.) 5) Your car gets 15 miles to the gallon and your friend s car gets 25 miles to the gallon. You decide to go on a road trip to Virginia Tech which is 300 miles away. If gas costs $4 per gallon and you decide to split the gas money, how much money will you save in gas by driving your friend s car? 6) Virginia Beach is 10 miles wide and 30 miles long. If one inch of rain falls on Virginia Beach, how many cubic feet of rain fell on the beach? (Hint: convert all units to feet first) 7) The combustion of one gallon of automobile fuel produces about 5 pounds of carbon (in CO 2). Two autos are making a trip of 600 miles. The first auto gets 20 miles per gallon, and the second gets 30 miles per gallon. Approximately how much less carbon (in CO 2) will be produced by the second auto on this trip? 8) How many oranges are in a crate if the price of a crate of oranges is $1.60 and the price of oranges is $0.20 per pound and there are 3 oranges per pound? 9) What is the cost of coal in dollars per ton if it costs $0.04 per kilogram? (1 ton = 1000 kg) 10) How many years old are you if you have lived 1 billion seconds?

4 Part III Environmental Law: 130 point process grade For the following list, state the main objective of each law. 1. Clean Air Act (CAA) of 1970, Clean Water Act (CWA) of Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA or Superfund), Endangered Species Act (ESA) of Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA), Hazardous and Solid Waste Amendments (HSWA) of Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (OSH Act) 8. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) of Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) of Solid Waste Disposal Act (SWDA) of Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) of Wilderness Act of Montreal Protocol Part IV Vocabulary and chemical symbols A. Define/explain the following: 4 process grade: 40 total 1. Law of conservation of matter 2. 1 st and 2 nd laws of thermodynamics 3. Organic vs. Inorganic 4. Natural vs. Synthetic 5. Half-life 6. Equation for Photosynthesis (reactants and products) 7. Equation for Cellular Respiration (reactants and products) 8. Aerobic vs. Anaerobic 9. Climate Change 10. biotic vs. abiotic

5 B. Write the full name of each of these chemical abbreviations: 24 point process grade. CO2 CO C6H12O6 CH4 H2 H2O N2 NOx NO3- NH3 O2 O3 P PO4 3- S K SO2 Cl Pb U NaCl Hg Rn H2SO4 You will also have a quiz on Part IV within the first week of class. Part V Environmental Disasters 40 point process grade (5 Provide a brief description for the following environmental disasters and include the location, chemical of concern, and year it occurred. Chernobyl Bhopal Deepwater Horizon Minimata Love Canal Seveso Baia Mare Fukushima You will also have a quiz on this information during the first week of school.