Post-Injection M onitoring Monitoring at the Nagaoka Nagaoka Site Saeko Mito* Mito &

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1 (1/17) Post-Injection Monitoring at the Nagaoka Site Saeko Mito* *&Ziqiu Xue Research institute of Innovative Technology for the Earth (RITE) 6th IEA GHG Monitoring Network Meeting, 7 May 2010

2 How long should we monitor at Nagaoka? (2/17) Preinjection Injection Post- injection Baseline survey Monitoring - Pressure - Breakthrough Time -CO 2 distribution Monitoring - Pressure CO 2 distribution Monitoring -CO 2 distribution Building geological model Modification of hydrogeological parameter by history matching with P & BT response Predicting CO 2 distribution Predicting short-term long-term fate of CO 2 - CO 2 distribution Corresponding simulation results to monitoring results closely at the post-injection phase Reducing monitoring frequency or Terminating monitoring

3 Outline (3/17) 1. Overview of the Nagaoka pilot CO 2 injection project 2. Implementation of short-term prediction (History matching with CO 2 monitoring results using TOUGH2 during the injection phase) 3. Implementation of long-term prediction (Trapping of CO 2 stored in the reservoir at the post-injection Phase) 4. Future Monitoring Plan and Summary

4 Overview of the Nagaoka Pilot CO 2 Injection Test (4/17) Active oil and gas field at Minami Nagaoka (INPEX Co.) 1100m Reservoir 5000m Gas production Duration; FY funded by METI, Japan Total amount of the injected CO 2 ; 10,400 ton Reservoir; Pleistocene sandstone Haizume Formation, 60m thick Target injection layer; Zone 2, 12m thick Porosity; 23% Permeability; ave. 7mD (pumping test) t) Reservoir Conditions; 48 o C, 11MPa Well Configurations OB-4 Injection Well 60m 120m IW-1 OB-3 Observation well 40m OB-2

5 Implementation of Short-term term Prediction (History Matching Methodology) (5/17) 1. Data Review 2. 3D Reservoir Model 3. Reservoir Simulation Permeability - Relative Permeability Curve - Horizontal Anisotropy 4. Gassmann's Fluid Substitution 5. History matching Pressure Breakthrough Time Seismic Velocity Anomaly 6. CO 2 Distribution (Garcia 2009)

6 Dataset for History Matching 1: Bottom Hole Pressures (6/17) Elapsed time from 7 July 2003 (day) Pres ssure (MP Pa) Injection rate (t-co 2 /d day) Bottom Hole Pressure Rate; 20~40 ton/day Total; 10,400 ton OB-4 IW /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/01 Date Cumula ative amo ount (t t-co 2 )

7 Dataset for History Matching 2: Breakthrough Timing at the Observation wells (7/17) -500 Elapsed time from 7 July 2003 (day) Seismic tomography WllL Well Loggings -Neutron -Sonic - Induction OB-2 OB-3 OB-4 7 th 37 th Solid marks: existence of CO 2 at the observation point Inje ction rate (t-c CO 2 /day) Rate; 20~40 ton/day 2002/01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/01 Date Total; 10,400 ton Cum mulative amount (t-co 2 ) For detail: Mito and Xue (2008) 5 th Monitoring Network Meeting, Tokyo

8 Dataset for History Matching 3: Results of Seismic Tomography (8/17) Base Line Survey Changes between MS4(10400tonCO 2 ) and BLS IW-1 IW-1 OB-3 OB-2 OB-3 OB-2 Cap rock Reservoir Velocity (km/sec) Velocity Change (%)

9 3D Reservoir Model (9/17) k h = (k x k y ) -0.5,k y /k x = 1.2 (Garcia 2009)

10 History Matching Result (Anomaly size) (10/17) Observation OB-3 IW-1 OB-2 Simulation OB-3 OB-2 For detail: Mito and Xue (2009) 2 nd Modelling Network Meeting, Utah

11 Implementation of Long-term Prediction (Key parameters) (11/17) Relative permeability curve Residual CO 2 saturation Dissolution of CO 2 Image of trapping processes over time (IPCC 2005)

12 Preliminary Results of Trapping Process at the Nagaoka Site (12/17) Trapp ing con tribution Sgr= Gas Dissolved Mineral Time since injection stops (years) Sgr=0.15 Gas Dissolved Mineral Time since injection stops (years)

13 φ n Vp (km/se ec) ρ (ohm- -m) Residual CO 2 Saturation in the Reservoir OB-2) breakthrough Imbibition 2003/01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/ /01/01 Date CO 2 injection period? Sgr=0.1 (13/17)

14 Dissolved CO OB-2 (14/17) Depth (mmd ) BL ρ (ohm-m) Latest 6 Post-injection End of CO 2 injection 0 Dissolved CO Elapsed time (day) Change (%)

15 Future Monitoring Plan at the Nagaoka site (15/17) FY ~ Well logging 38 times Seismic 7 Tomography times CHDT/ U-tube VSP 0 1/0 OB-4 2D 3D (Spatial distribution) Implementation of 3D seismic survey OB-3 IW-1 OB-2

16 Summary (16/17) Post -injection monitoring is valuable to improve understanding of CO 2 distribution and trapping processes. Resistivity is sensitive to dissolved CO 2 from the induction logging. Exactly solubility trapping is confirmed at the Nagaoka site. It may enhance geochemical process and contribute to long-term safety of storage. A geological l model could be verified with monitoring i data sets. History matching is vital to build confidence of long-term prediction.

17 Acknowledgements (17/17) This project is funded by Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI) of Japan. We appreciate staff of ENAA, INPEX Co., Geophysical Surveying Co. Ltd., OYO Co., GERD, Kyoto University (Henry Garcia) and RITE involved in Nagaoka pilot tco 2 ij injection project. Thank you for your attention!