Water quantity monitoring. Iryna Shulyarenko Hydrologist

Transcription

1 Water quantity monitoring Iryna Shulyarenko Hydrologist

2 Water quantity (flow) monitoring provides information on status and trend of surface water resources Surface water data is required for Sound and successful management of water resources Planning, design and construction (roads, culverts, bridges) Drinking water supply Emergency management flood response, low water Environmental / aquatic ecosystem / fishery research As a background information for further research, including climate change

3 Phosphorus Load Calculations Flow and precipitation data, combined with water quality sampling allow for loading calculations feature, very important for lake management planning A simplified water balance of a lake can be presented as a equation Input Output = Change in Storage Input = Precipitation (P)+Stream Flow(Q in )+Groundwater (G in ) Output = Evapotranspiration (ET)+ Stream Flow(Q out ) + Groundwater (G out ) P + Q in + G in (ET + Q out + G out )= ΔS

4 Water Quantity Monitoring Water quantity monitoring means collecting data on amount of water in a watercourse Monitoring can be continuous (gauge stations) or sporadic ( spot ) monitoring In both cases we physically measure amount of water in a channel Continuous monitoring provides information on flow amount and flow regime in a particular stream Sporadic monitoring is used to get an overall picture of the watershed / study area

5 Continuous monitoring A typical gauge station consists of Water level sensor, that sits in the channel and measure water level or depth of water above the sensor on the pre-set intervals Data logger, that records measured data To convert WL (m) data into flow data (discharge, m 3 /sec or l/sec), we develop a relationship between those two characteristics That relationship is presented by a graph or equation - discharge versus water level (rating curve) Rating curve for each monitoring location is unique

6 Continuous monitoring To obtain discharge values, crew of two people measures area of a trans-section through the stream channel and velocity of water (as per established protocols) Wide range of flow conditions must be captured: high flow, low flow, different seasons Measurements are taken at least bi-weekly at the developing stage and have to be continued throughout the lifespan of gauge station

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9 Flow Monitoring Sites Watershed Watercourse Location Agency, maintaining station Monitoring period Balsam / Cameron Lakes Staples River Fennel Rd. Kawartha Conservation Apr current Martin Creek South Mark Rd Kawartha Conservation Apr current Gull River Norland Environment Canada - Ontario Ministry of current Natural Resources Burnt River Burnt River Environment Canada - Ontario Ministry of current Natural Resources Cameron Lake Fenelon Fall Dam Trent Severn Waterway current outlet Sturgeon Lake MaLaren's Creek Blackbird Rd. Kawartha Conservation May current Hawkers Creek County Rd. 8 Kawartha Conservation May current Martin Creek North County Rd. 8 Kawartha Conservation May 2010 Mariposa Brook County Rd. 4 Environment Canada - Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources current East Cross Creek McKee Rd. Kawartha Conservation current Scugog River Lindsay Dam Trent Severn Waterway current Sturgeon Lake Bobcaygeon Dam Trent Severn Waterway current outlet Pigeon Lake Pigeon River Lotus Environment Canada-Ontario Ministry of current Natural Resources Pigeon River Omemee Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources current Nogies Creek Off Bass Lake Rd. Kawartha Conservation current Pigeon Lake outlet Buckhorn Dam Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources current

10 Lake Management Planning - Flow Monitoring Network 16 flow monitoring sites 7 maintained and directly monitored by Kawartha Conservation 4 sites are operated by the Trent Severn Waterway (lakes/dams locations) 5 sites are part of the Water Survey of Canada (EC) monitoring network

11 McLaren s Creek

12 Hawkers Creek

13 Baseflow Monitoring Sporadic monitoring - baseflow monitoring Allows to determine groundwater component of the flow Curried out in summer time when surface runoff is minimal Literally, flow at every location where a road crosses a stream is measured (if possible) Allows determine areas of significant groundwater discharge

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15 Summer Low Water Conditions McLaren s Creek Monthly WL May June July August (1-13)

16 Hawkers Creek Monthly WL May June July August (1-13)

17 Current Conditions and Implications Low water / drought all around southern Ontario, including study area caused by lack of precipitation over the last 6 months Number of dry/stagnant watercourses Lower lakes water levels creates more favourable conditions for weeds, algae grow Increased beaches closures due to e-coli problems Drinking water supply has to be considered Lower WLs on TSW lakes, especially on reservoir lakes Stressed aquatic ecosystem And more

18 Thank you Questions?