Evaluation on the Policies for Water Environmental Protection in Huai River Basin in China

Transcription

1 Evaluation on the Policies for Water Environmental Protection in Huai River Basin in China SONG Guojun Renmin University of China 2nd WEPA, Beppu, Japan Dec. 3-4, 27 1 Contents Background and significance Framework of the evaluation Contents and conclusions Suggestions 2

2 3 Background & Significance Cover four provinces Henan, Anhui, Shandong, Jiangsu province 27 thousand km 2, 169 million people The unique regulation for water pollution control Concerned by the top leaders About 5 Billions RMB invested 4

3 Background & Significance The people in the basin are not satisfied the water quality There are many argument and dispute on water pollution control There are great demand for professional evaluation Real situation( more coherent evidence, verified data, etc) Main causes 5 6

4 7 8

5 9 Framework of the evaluation Evaluation scope Covering two five-year plan (1995~25) Multiple data sources Environmental protection sector Water resource sector Water supply sector All the activities relevant with water pollution control 1

6 Framework of the evaluation Objectives: to find the key factors that influence the policy effects What s the goals in policy itself? What kind of policy frame or system? What s the implementation mechanism and divided responsibility? what activities were taken? How is the performance? The goals set in policy achieved? 11 Research map Water quality Pollutants effluent Pollution control activities Policy & management 12

7 Framework of the evaluation Methodology: comparative analysis Current water quality VS. that of past Current water quality VS. the objective Official data VS. the third sector data indicator Goals of the planning Water quality standards COD NH 3 -N 13 Main contents and conclusions Evaluation on the Implementation Activities The Industrial Water Pollution Prevention and Control Projects have obvious effects while the planning objective goal has not been achieved. The municipal wastewater treatment plant projects are not well implemented in the whole basin. (only 43.88%,28.7% of investments in the 9th and 1th planning have been carried out.) The agricultural non-point pollution resources control objectives are achieved basically. (88.3% carried out.) The ecology protection activities are deficient. The Funds of drinking water project are well appropriated. 14

8 Evaluation of the effluent control effect Targeted sources Aggregate Total amount of pollutant effluent Total pollutant effluent entering into river Monitoring Flux of tributaries Main stream Main monitoring Flux of pollutant stream 15 Evaluation of the effluent control effect The amount of total pollutant effluent is much higher than the goal in the plan (more than 1.5 times). The pollution effluent is not under control.(fig.2 fig.3) pollutant effluent entering into rivers is not clear (monitoring problems). The pollutant effluent estimated by pollutant flux is much larger than the statistic pollutant effluent. (table 1) Although 7% of pollutants come from agriculture nonpoint sources (table 2), the industrial and living point pollution sources are the chief factor that makes the water quality bad (fig.4~fig.7). 16

9 Huaidian Sha JieShou Ying River Quan River FuYang Ban Tai Da Hong Run Rive BengBu city Wujiadu Huai River XiaoLiuXiang Lake HongZe Rive Huai River LuTaiZi WangJiaBa RunHeJi TongBo Mountain HuaiBin Case: Wujiadu section 17 Pollutant effluent is not under control. Fig.2 NH3-N flux in Wujiadu section 吨 年份 氨氮通量 18

10 Pollutant effluent is not under control. Fig. 3 COD flux in Wujiadu section 万吨 年份 COD 估算年通量 19 The pollutant effluent estimated by pollutant flux is much larger than the statistic pollutant effluent. Table 1 Comparison of flux and statistic effluent of COD unit: ten thousand tons Year Amount of COD load in Henan and Anhui province Amount of COD load in Henan and Anhui part of Huai River (above Bengbu section) The flux of COD in Wujiadu section averag e

11 ) Table 2 the proportion of industrial and domestic sources by year (%) Huaibin Bantai Huaidian Jieshou Lutaizi Wujiadu Average NH 3 -N COD Flux (ton) Flow rate(m3/s) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun July Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec month Average flux of NH 3 -N Monthly flow rate Fig. 4 Relationship of NH3-N s flux and water volume Flux (ton) Flow rate (m3/s) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec month Average flux of COD Average flow rate Fig. 5 Relationship of COD s flux and water volume 5 21 concentration(mg/l) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec month average concentration of NH3 average flow rate Fig. 6 Relationship of NH3-N s concentration and water volume Flow rate(m3/l) In dry season, when there are mainly industrial and domestic sources, the amount of pollutant entered into river is low, but the concentration is high. The industrial and domestic sources are the main factors that make the water quality bad both in water quality and time scale Concentration (mg/l) Flow rate (m3/l) Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Spe Oct Nov Dec concentration Flow rate 22 Fig. 7 Relationship of COD s concentration and water volume month

12 Evaluation of water quality There is no evident to conclude the water quality has improved or deteriorated in terms of whole Basin(fig.8). The water quality in provincial boundary monitoring section exceeded standard seriously(fig.9). The data quality is very poor(fig.1). 23 劣 V 4% III 2% III III III IV 15% V 9% IV 16% V 劣 V Fig.8 The general quality of Huai River Generally, only 35% percents attained the objective. 24

13 The water quality in provincial sections exceeded standard seriously 1% 9% 8% 7% 6% 5% 4% 3% 劣 V 类水 V 类水 IV 类水 I Ⅱ Ⅲ 类水 2% 1% % Fig.9 water quality in inter-province sections 年份 25 Poor data quality: The fluctuating range of COD is 1% to 25%. The fluctuating range of NH 3 -N is larger, from 5% to 14%. frequency The standard deviation is.875, which is larger than the mean concentration, which is.83. Mean = Std. Dev. =.8754 N = 361 NH 3 -N (mg/l) Fig. 1 the frequencies of NH 3 -N concentration in Bengbu water supply company The data monitored once a month can reflect real situation in possibility of one thirtieth. 26

14 Policy and institution evaluation For main sources, we have no strict permit system; There are no strong instruments for central government to urge local government to enforce regulations seriously. 27 Suggestions Making strict permit system regulation and implemented to large industrial sources and urban waste water treatment plant as soon as possible Set up the basin water environmental information platform Central government should take more responsibilities for water pollution control in big river basin. Reform the water environmental protection planning system. 28

15 Thanks for your attention! 29