Securing Safer Futures

Transcription

1 Bill Freeman, CHMM Steve Lewis, CHO Kettle Moraine High School Securing Safer Futures W7748 County Hwy. V, Lake Mills, WI

2 Recent Lab Incidents Southern Wisconsin School District Sodium Event Solid sodium reacts violently with moisture Left in a sink Fire Fighting procedures/training Chemical Procurement?? Do we really need sodium $25,000 in clean-up/damage

3 Recent Lab Incidents Madison Area School District Mercury Event Student in the eighth hour tampers with a Hg filled barometer by placing hose onto a gas jet and turning on the gas aerosolizing the mercury and exposing a classroom full of students Students leave and must be retrieved from activities etc.» Clothing left for disposal Clean up exceeded $60,000 Effective January 1, 2012» No schools may knowingly store free-flowing elemental mercury, store a mercury-containing compound or an instrument or measuring device that contains mercury.

4 Recent Lab Incidents Madison Area School District Laboratory Fire Instructor made gun powder from ground charcoal Conducted a demonstration that went wrong, spark ignited a plate of ground charcoal School was evacuated, fire was extinguished Custodial staff used fans to evacuate smoke from the room filling the school with smoke What would be more logical?

5 Safe Lab? No Violations? Are you Confident? DSPS Someone may be watching..

6 Department of Safety and Professional Service

7 OSHA-DSPS Programs Required I. Chemical Hygiene Lab Standard Hazardous Contaminants Z - Tables II. Prudent Practice App A III. Hazard Communication IV. Personal Protective Equipment Sub. I General Respiratory Protection Program V. Emergency Action Plan /157 VI. Compressed Gas

8 Chemical Hygiene Minimum Employer Responsibilities Designate a Chemical Hygiene Officer (CHO) Develop Chemical Hygiene Committee (Recommended) Develop and implement a written Chemical Hygiene Plan (CHP) Inventory all hazardous chemicals/materials and acquire all necessary Safety Data Sheets (SDSs) Identify hazards by labeling chemicals using SDSs and New GHS requirements Train employees on physical and health hazards and protective measures-proficient Provide medical monitoring for employees Where necessary, upon request or in the event of an exposure

9 Chemical Hygiene Minimum Employer Responsibilities Buildings and Grounds/Safety Coordinator supports program and assists: Lab Safety Audits Ventilation assessments and repairs Eye wash/safety Shower assessments/testing/repairs Chemical Disposals-Clean Sweeps Facility Design Committee Member

10 Scope and Application (a) Employers engaged in the lab use of hazardous chemicals Does not apply if Use does not meet definition of lab use There is no potential exposure What is lab use? Chemical manipulations in a fume hood and Multiple procedures or chemicals are used and Processes are not part of production process

11 Definitions (b) Chemical Hygiene Officer (CHO) - qualified by training or experience to provide technical guidance in the development and the implementation of the provisions of the Chemical Hygiene Plan Hazardous Chemical chemical for which there is a statistical evidence that acute or chronic health effects may occur. Laboratory Facility where laboratory use of chemicals occur small quantities/non-production (Use of a Fume Hood)

12 Program Elements (c)(d) Exposure Determination monitor for any substance if there is reason to believe exposure levels routinely exceed OSHA action level or PEL Monitoring results communicated to employee if gathered

13 Chemical Hygiene Plan CHP (e) Must be in writing & readily available Electronic computer access Goals Keep exposures below the OSHA action level or Permissible Exposure Limits (PEL) Protects Staff and Students Protects District and Staff Liabilities

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15 Hygiene Plan Elements SOPs for laboratory work Criteria to control exposures through: Administrative controls - substitution Engineering controls - ventilation PPE Last Resort Hygiene practices Fume hoods Training Medical consultation & exams Designation of Chemical HygieneOfficer/Committee Provisions for handling certain hazardous substances Best Practices

16 Responsibilities Roles & responsibilities Who does what Chemical Hygiene Officer Compensation?? List of Duties Staff B&G-Safety Coordinator Liability??? Students?

17 Training Specifics Proficiency based Do they know and practice. Hazards of specific chemicals Mercury Flammables Combustibles Protection Measures PPE Administrative Restrictions Fume Hoods Other applicable details of the CHP Storage Plan / Location

18 Hazard Identification Hazardous Communication Signage Proper Chemical Labeling Name Hazard Labeling Systems SDS Maintenance inventory Access

19 Safety Data Sheets (SDS s) REQUIRED FOR ANY/ALL HAZARDOUS CHEMICALS IN THE WORKPLACE MUST BE KEPT BY EMPLOYER AND AVAILABLE FOR REVIEW IN CASE OF EMERGENCY MUST CONTAIN THE SAME INFORMATION, IN THE SAME FORMAT MUST BE KEPT FOR 30 YEARS AFTER THE PRODUCT IS LAST USED IN THE WORKPLACE YOU MUST KNOW THE LOCATION OF SDS S AND THE STEPS TO TAKE TO OBTAIN A COPY

20 SDS Manager Electronic Web-based system for managing SDS Sheets [Specifically allowed under section (g) (8) of the 2012 Hazard Communication Regulation as long as there are no barriers to access ]

21 What is the GHS? The GHS is the acronym used for The United Nations Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals. It is meant to be a logical and comprehensive approach to: Defining health, physical and environmental hazards of chemicals; Creating classification processes that use available data on chemicals for comparison with the defined hazard criteria; and Communicating hazard information, as well as protective measures, on labels and Safety Data Sheets (SDS). 22

22 Health Hazard Pictograms Acute Toxicity (Severe) Carcinogen, Respiratory Sensitizer, Reproductive Toxicity, Target Organ Toxicity, Mutagenicity, Aspiration Toxicity Corrosives Irritant, Dermal Sensitizer, Acute Toxicity (Harmful), Respiratory Tract Irritation, Narcotic Effects 23

23 Physical Hazard Pictograms Flammables, Self-Reactives, Self- Heating, Pyrophorics, Organic Peroxide & Emits Flammable Gas Explosives, Self-Reactives, Organic Peroxides Oxidizers Gases Under Pressure 24

24 Other Pictograms Environmental Toxicity Acute Aquatic Toxicity Chronic Aquatic Toxicity Danger For More Severe Hazards Warning For Less Severe Hazards Caution Least Severe Hazards (Used by EPA) 25

25 New Sample Label 26

26 Signage Safety Showers Eye Wash Stations Spill Kits First Aide Equipment Special Hazards-HCHO Storage

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28 Poor Labeling?

29 Dad s Fail

30 Establishing a PPE Program Sets out procedures for selecting, providing and using PPE as part of an employer s routine operation First -- assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present, or are likely to be present, which necessitate the use of PPE Once the proper PPE has been selected, the employer must provide training to each employee who is required to use PPE

31 PPE Standard

32 Training Employees required to use PPE must be trained to know at least the following: When PPE is necessary What type of PPE is necessary How to properly put on, take off, adjust, and wear Limitations of the PPE Proper care, maintenance, useful life and disposal

33 Respiratory Protection Where Necessary use OSHA Substitution Engineering Controls Voluntary Use Record keeping Exposure Monitoring Medical records

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35 Safety Equipment Eyewash -double nozzle type recommended 40 feet or 10 seconds travel from any point in the laboratory - normal working conditions An eyewash must be within 25 feet of areas where chemicals with ph <2.0 or > 12.5 are used Fire Extinguisher 1 ABC fire extinguishers within 50 feet from any point in lab D type if metal fire possible Fire Blanket within 50 feet of any place in lab Safety Shower Laboratories using chemicals with ph <4.0 or >9.0 will have a safety shower or drench hose within 100 feet from any point in the lab Smoke Detectors - Ceiling mounted Chemical spill kit -

36 Controlling Exposures-Ventilation Ventilation Local capture at Source / Hoods General - dilution Well designed ventilation systems can eliminate the need for PPE Avoid re-circulation of contained air unless you are sure that it is clean Design HEPA Filtration ALL ventilation systems need to be properly designed, inspected and maintained

37 Fume Hoods Inhalation exposures Protection Not a physical barrier Lab use - Not for industrial types of exposures Proper Function: Do not block air flow into the hood- 2 front clearance 6 back Sash Marked sash/stop alarm Evaluation Installation Annually Change in condition

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39 USED AS CHEMICAL STORAGE ACTIVE ALARM

40 Inspections Some OSHA standards require periodic inspections Fire extinguishers Fire alarms Safety showers and eye washes PPE Fume hood Good to also inspect Spill kits First aid kits Ventilation systems Fire Blankets Mercury Chemicals not Recommended

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42 Science Classroom Design NFPA has stated that 50 square feet net area occupant load factor is appropriate ( i.e. for a class size of 24, a 1200 square foot laboratory is appropriate) Several states have rules specific to their state ( none for Wisconsin) that limit class size to 24 students in laboratories Prudent Practices suggests 1 fume hood for every 2 workers, but states in academic settings, this is not practical and instruction should be adjusted to accommodate. The IBC has building code requirements for occupancy, ventilation air exchanges, fire ratings, egress, etc. Prior to making any change to existing rooms, an architect should be consulted.

43 Science Room Ventilation Room ventilation versus localized ventilation ( fume hood) Dedicated exhaust system Return air shall not mix with other nonscience rooms General room exhaust 4-12 exchanges per hour

44 Chemical Procurement Ordering Assess Need Storage, PPE & disposal requirements Smallest quantity needed SDS Review/update SOPs before use Mark containers with date of arrival Refuse containers that are not adequately labeled Inventory Maintain a list of approved chemicals Chemicals not recommended reviewed by the CHO

45 Chemical Storage Room All chemicals should be kept in secure storage room Limit access to students and other building occupants Storage room ventilation ( 8-12 air exchanges per hour) Chemical Storage Pattern Emergency Contact List, fire extinguishers, SDSs Room Labeling Access to PPE, Spill clean-up

46 CHEMICAL STORAGE AREA ACUTE TOXICITY (FATAL OR TOXIC) EXPLOSIVES SELF-REACTIVES ORGANIC PEROXIDES FLAMMABLES PYROPHORICS SELF-HEATING EMITS FLAMMABLE GAS SELF-REACTIVE ORGANIC PEROXIDES GASES UNDER PRESSURE CORROSIVES EYE DAMAGE CORROSIVE TO METALS IRRITANT SKIN SENSITIZER ACUTE TOXICITY NARCOTIC EFFECTS RESPIRATORY TRACT IRRITANT HEALTH HAZARDS CARCINOGEN MUTAGENICITY REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY RESPIRATORY SENSITIZER TARGET ORGAN TOXICITY ASPIRATION TOXICITY OXIDIZERS EMERGENCY CONTACT SEQUENCE CHEMICAL HYGIENE OFFICER: BUILDING ADMINISTRATOR: SAFETY COORDINATOR: EMERGENCY SERVICES:

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48 Chemical Storage Pattern Flinn Sigma

49 Improper Chemical Storage No storage pattern No lips on shelves Chemical in red bag is a flammable chemical Chemicals stored above eye level (top shelf)

50 Proper Chemical Storage 1/4 lips on shelves Bottles color coded to match proper location on shelf (Flinn System) Proper chemical labeling Containers in good condition

51 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS STORED ON SHELF

52 Is this proper or improper chemical storage?

53 Improper Container Defective Container

54 Chemical storage with food

55 Distribution Transport Container bucket/container After Hours Ammonia Use carts to secure transport of compressed gas cylinders Hazardous materials should not be transported in unregistered vehicles; DOT regulations may apply

56 $ - Waste Disposal - $ Governed by EPA/DNR regulations Rules based on amount generated Type of waste generated Segregate hazardous waste Consolidate multiple containers depending on type of waste generated Containers must be labeled Drain disposal Lab Packs Neutralize local wastewater treatment regulations SAFE DISPOSAL Never combine unless your sure Flinn Disposal Methods

57 Emergency Preparedness Emergency Action Plan Consider types of potential emergencies ID resources, equipment, training and people needs for each type of emergency

58 SPILL CONTROL CENTER

59 SPILL KITS BASIC KIT CAN BE MADE UP OF: ACID NEUTRALIZING AGENT (SODIUM CARBONATE) ALKALINE NEUTRALIZING AGENT (CITRIC ACID) MERCURY SPILL KIT ABSORBENT MATERIAL VERMICULITE SAND PADS SOCKS NON-METAL DUST PAN HAND BROOM CHEMICAL GOGGLES, Other PPE

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61 Unknown Chemical Spill Isolate the area (lock door/barricade). Notify the office staff so that other people in the building can be alerted to the hazard. Shut down HVAC/air handler for the area. Contact supervisor or person in charge of the chemical (i.e.: science, art, or tech ed teacher) for more information. Determine if emergency personnel should be contacted (Fire Dept./Haz. Mat. team) based on potential for the material to be hazardous.

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63 Requirements for Fire Extinguishers Annual check-up and recharge Monthly visual inspection ( check for present at location, pressurized, no obstructions in hose, seal/pin intact, etc) Properly mounted (secured) handle between 3 6 and 5 from ground Extinguisher Easily Identified type (letter), symbol, cabinet or marked on wall Easily accessible, unobstructed

64 Extinguishers Issues Not properly mounted Not checked monthly

65 Extinguisher Issues Not accessible Easily accessible

66 COMPRESSED GAS

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68 Markings or Labels Name of the compressed gas Hazards of the compressed gas National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) labels Department of Transportation (DOT) labels Do not remove any labels

69 Problem? Compressed gas cylinder is not secured Container is in high traffic area High potential for accident ( hidden) Valve cap not on Labels on cylinder not clear

70 Old, corroded cylinder that should have been disposed of a long time ago.

71 Cylinder not in use with regulators still On the cylinder Free standing cylinder

72 Dad s Save the day

73 WIIFM?