Follow up of implementation of the regional actions of the Regional Action Plan on Marine Litter (approved by PRESSURE )

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1 2017 RL1 Prepare and agree on HELCOM guidelines on marine litter references to be included in national and local waste plans, i.a. an element highlighting the impacts of marine litter. Guidelines by 2017 Sweden is willing to Sweden informed on two measures that are planned nationally PRESSURE contribute to if a lead related to RL1 on the inclusion of marine litter references in country for this action national and local waste plans could be identified (PRESSURE ). Sweden will not be able to lead this action, but to contribute to it (PRESSURE 4 (PRESSURE ) Potential contribution from Blastic project plastic pathways from land to sea, funded by the Central Baltic Programme, which will run (PRESSURE , doc. 5 12) Sweden proposed to change the deadline to 2019 in order to be able to benefit from the guidelines produced by the BLASTIC project in 2018 (PRESSURE 4 There are two background reports under progress, one on marine litter sources and one on available methods to monitor marine plastic litter, as well as an identification list of marine litter sources. There will be a questionnaire for pilot municipalities to be filled in with the list of marine litter sources, which will be tested next year. Subsequently, draft measures for municipalities will be drafted. The website is currently under construction, and at the moment there is material under the introductory part, FAQs, and impacts. Experts are invited to provide feedback on the website. DE to provide updated information on their national PoMs. Propose to change deadline to 2019 in order to benefit from the guidelines produced by the Blastic project. CPs are invited to consider leadership RL2 Provide HELCOM guidelines on best practice routines with regard to cleaning and collection systems to prevent litter from land entering the aquatic environment. Guidelines by 2017 _ Potential contribution from Blastic project (see RL1). PRESSURE Propose to change deadline to 2019 in order to benefit from the guidelines produced by the Blastic project and also in the view of the HOLAS II assessment. To consider ongoing work on Nordic Council of Ministries, the European Prevention Litter Association (DE to provide contact details), and the Baltic Sea Accelerator. CPs are invited to consider leadership RL3 Share best practice on waste in order to identify and address loopholes that makes waste turn into marine litter, including the issue of landfills, regulations and enforcement. _ Germany to lead ( Potential contribution from Blastic project (see RL1) PRESSURE Germany informed at PRESSURE that one study will be carried out in 2016 to establish an overview on best waste practices and potential loopholes. Update provided at the WS RAP ML : Upcoming European Conference on Plastics (Rotterdam, December 8 9, 2016) close the lope on plastics products Three round tables connected to marine litter: Waste and marine litter, Recycling fishing gear on a large scale and Scaling up the clean river initiative Chance to involve HELCOM and pave the road to get this action started Best practice study moved to 2017 Report on sources published by TG ML in Dec 2016 (WG GES) addresses pathways that makes waste turn into marine litter EPA Network: new IG Plastics established, one potential focus on litteringand link to Circular Economy Package 1

2 2018 RL4 Improvement of stormwater in order to prevent litter, including microlitter, to enter the marine environment from heavy weather events. By 2018 at the latest HELCOM has compiled information to give guidance on improvements of stormwater on a local level to prevent and reduce stormwater related waste (including micro litter) entering the marine environment, taking into consideration similar action within OSPAR. If appropriate according to findings of the activity and other relevant information, amend HELCOM Recommendation 28E/5 on municipal wastewater treatment. Sweden is willing to contribute to if a lead country for this action could be identified (PRESSURE ). CCB is willing to contribute (WS RAP ML ) Potential contribution from Blastic project (see RL1). PRESSURE Potential contribution from the FP7 Baltic Flows (finished project, and IWater ( a project which has just started and is run by Union of Baltic Cities. CCB made a proposal on concrete ways to reduce microplastics in stormwater and sewage which would contribute to Actions RL4, RL7 and RL8 (WS RAP ML 1 To be included in the Work Plan of PRESSURE WG. PRESSURE to provide feedback on this action. DE to contribute with information. CPs are invited to consider leadership. RL5 Establish a dialogue and negotiate on Initiatives taken by the private sector. solutions with business and industry to (i) develop design improvements that reduce the negative impacts of products entering the marine environment, and (ii) reduce overpackaging and promote wise packaging Germany to lead ( Germany informed at PRESSURE that one study will be PRESSURE carried out in 2016 on the development of possible design improvements to reduce the negative impacts of products on the marine environment. Update provided at the WS RAP ML : National Round Table on Marine Litter: a) Evaluation of findings in the marine environment b) r&d project will be commissioned by Stiftung Grünes Bauhaus ( ) which will evaluate national measures and regulations for the improvement of a sustainable product and packaging design (focus multiple use, long levity) concept put together by end 2016, could be enlarged to other HELCOM CPs c) Overview and requirements within legal framework + OSPAR action on instruments and incentives to reduce the use of single use and other items which impact the marine environment (leads: IR/DE) could also be of use 2

3 top items Micro particles top items Micro particles 2017 RL6 Establish an overview of the importance of the different sources of primary and secondary microplastics. Evaluate products and processes that include both primary and secondary micro plastics, such as fibres from clothing, assess if they are covered or not by legislation, and act, if appropriate, to influence the legal framework, or identify other necessary measures RL7 Compilation of available techniques as well as research and develop additional techniques in waste water treatment plants to prevent micro particles entering the marine environment. By 2017 an overview on what products and processes contribute to the input of micro plastics to the Baltic Sea, taking into account similar action within OSPAR. By 2018 existing legislation is assessed and necessary measures identified together with relevant stakeholders. By 2018 HELCOM has compiled information, and prepared a report on micro particles removal in waste water treatment plants taking into account similar action within OSPAR. If appropriate according to findings of the search and other relevant information, amend HELCOM Recommendation 28E/5 on municipal wastewater treatment. Germany willing to contribute (e mail DK will carry out national investigation regarding microplastics (HOD ). PRESSURE Potential contribution from Blastic project (see RL1). The SE EPA has a commission to identify significant sources to micro plastics in Sweden and to act to reduce the origination and release of microplastics from these sources to the marine environment. The commission shall be reported on or before the 15 June As part of this commission a national investigation on sources to micro plastics has been carried out and reported, ( i samhallet/miljoarbete isverige/regeringsuppdrag/2016/mikroplaster/swedish sources and pathwaysfor microplastics to marine%20environment ivl c183.pdf) Norway has released a report on measures to reduce microplastics that maybe can feed in to this action, see link below /Primarymicroplastic pollution Measures and reduction potentials in Norway/ The SE Chemicals Agency have had an assignment from the Government to propose national measures for restricting the occurrence of microplastics in cosmetic products, and they presented it ( frankemikalieinspektionen/2016/kemikalieinspektionen foreslar begransningar forplastkorn i kosmetika/). The summary is available in English. DE informed at PRESSURE that the national report on sources of microplastics is already available. The EU has finalised a study on microplastics in cosmetics environmental status/descriptor 10/pdf/MSFD%20Measures%20to%20Combat%20Marine%20Litter.pdf and is considering follow up activities on microplastics (e mail communication after PRESSURE 4 Finland informed on a Bachelor's Thesis on microplastics and harmful substances in urban runoffs and landfill leachates Possible Emission Sources to Marine Environment (2016) ( equence=1) (WS RAP ML ) Germany informed on a national study, prioritization exercise national round Sweden offered to lead (HOD ). Finland offered to colead (PRESSURE 4 Swedish and an OSPAR report on best available techniques to reduce and prevent sewage and storm water related waste entering the marine environment, including micro particles to be ready during 2016 which could then be considered regarding the applicability in the Baltic Sea (PRESSURE ). The report is ready although it is not yet official (WS RAP ML 1 Swedish national report on technical solutions for advanced treatment of waste water in order to reduce pharmaceutical residues and micro plastics is envisaged for June Envisaged working process for this action: 2017 compilation of what has been done so far, including a review of the status in HELCOM area in order to build a basis for discussion with relevant stakeholders on how to proceed (WS RAP ML 1 FI informed (e mail communication 10 October 2016) that the removal of microlitter from wastewater during different treatment steps of mechanical, chemical and biological treatment (activated sludge) and biologically active filter (BAF) in a large (population equivalent ) advanced WWTP has been examined. This work is a part of a PhD study and the results of this work will be available by the end 2016/beginning This study will give valuable information on the removal of microlitter, Microlitter balance and distribution in the WWTP. CCB made a proposal on concrete ways to reduce microplastics in stormwater and sewage which would contribute to Actions RL4, RL7 and RL8 (WS RAP ML 1 PRESSURE To set up a working group to compile information on national activities. An open call will be made for all countries to provide summaries of these activities, aiming at the elaboration of an assessment report. Secretariat to investigate opptortunities to conduct the work. 3

4 top items Sewage related litter including sanitary waste top items Expended Polystyrene (Polystyrene Foam) 2017 RL8 Assess the importance of the contribution of By 2017 an assessment of the upstream waste flows to the marine importance of sewage related waste environment and, if needed, identify suitable coming from the upstream waste flow is actions. produced. By 2018 share assessment with River and River Basin Commissions and identify measures including the implementation of related regulations; missing elements are identified and guidelines for improvement are presented RL9 Compile information on the prevalence and sources of expanded polystyrene (EPS) in the marine environment, and engage with industry to make proposals for alternative solutions (e.g. use of other materials, establishment of deposits, return and restoration systems, overpackaging reduction). By 2017 an overview of the most significant sources of EPS ending up in the marine environment is produced, in cooperation with OSPAR. Make recommendations to the Contracting Parties on voluntary agreements with the industry on changes in product design and applying best practices when handling EPS by Poland offered to lead Questionnaire developed by Poland. The feedback provided by PRESSURE (HOD ) countries is being currently analysed (WS RAP ML 1 CCB made a proposal on concrete ways to reduce microplastics in stormwater and sewage which would contribute to Actions RL4, RL7 and RL8 (WS RAP ML 1 Poland prepared a questionnaire on the issue. A summary report of the fedback received will be available by the end of the year, which will enable to achieve the target of the action. PRESSURE The Secretariat to investigate available information RL10 Define and implement appropriate top items Plastic bags top items Bottles and containers instruments and incentives to reduce the use of plastic bags, including the illustration of the associated costs and environmental impacts (e.g. establishment of levies, deposit fees, taxes or bans on plastic bags). []. Support regional coordination in the Baltic Sea of the implementation of the future revised Directive 94/62/EC on packaging and packaging waste to reduce the consumption of lightweight plastic carrier bags, for HELCOM Contracting Parties being EU members RL11 Cooperate on the establishment and/or further development of deposit refund systems for bottles, containers and cans (e.g. glass, plastics and aluminum) in the HELCOM Contracting Parties in accordance with national law as appropriate. Investigate and strive for bilateral and multilateral solutions between the countries for establishment of such systems in relation to passenger ships. By 2018 HELCOM Contracting Parties CCB is willing to start to coordinate and inform each other contribute (WS RAP about consumption of plastic bags on an ML ) annual basis. By 2019 establish a reduction target of plastic bags, taking into account the measures which are implemented nationally. CPs informing in 2017 on the status/plans regarding the deposit refund systems, including on possible solutions regarding passenger ships. Estonia: to consider how they could contribute (HOD 48/2015). Estonia offered to lead (PRESSURE ). _ PRESSURE To gather information on national proposals/instruments to implement the EU Directive, as well as develop guidance for those countries who have not initiated the process. A first possible step to start up these actions could be a survey to the Contracting Parties to be initiated by Estonia in cooperation with the HELCOM Secretariat. Survey circulated No updated information provided at PRESSURE Currently functioning deposit refund systems for bottles, containers and cans (e.g. glass, plastics and aluminum) are in place in DE, DK, SE, FI, EE and LT. In PL, LV and RU the system is not in place at the moment. There is no action regarding bilateral and multilateral solutions between the countries for establishment of such systems in relation to passenger ships (WS RAP ML 1 Possible input: PRESSURE & MARITIME third parties 2016 RL12 Encourage, based on existing labels such as the EU Ecolabel and the Nordic Ecolabel, exchange with international environmental certification schemes for information and By 2016 initiate an activity on what certification schemes could be addressed, which existing criteria could be promoted for potential inclusion in inclusion of the and prevention international certification systems of marine litter in their lists of criteria. together with ways and means how to help approving those. PRESSURE Germany to share national experiences. 4

5 third parties RL13 HELCOM Contracting Parties to seek cooperation with the River and River Basin Commissions, as appropriate, in order to include impacts of litter on the marine HELCOM Contracting Parties will continue cooperation with River and River basin Commissions, as appropriate, in order to integrate measures environment from riverine inputs, taking into addressing the reduction of littering in account activities in the context of the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (WFD) and the Bathing Water river basins followed up by appropriate information exchange on the implementation of measures. Directive, and beyond, when applicable. This cooperation should include the exchange of experience on best practice to prevent litter entering into water systems, in line with action RL RL14 Address landfills or dumpsites including By 2020 a regional wide map on landfills historic ones which may eventually pose a and dumpsites including historic ones risk to the marine environment due to which may eventually pose a risk to the factors such as coastal erosion and vicinity to marine environment is produced. rivers. Poland offered to lead _ PRESSURE The Secretariat to investigate (PRESSURE 5 how to contact River and River Basin Commissions. Poland to consider how to contribute. CCB to contribute. To considerthe ongoing project RIverine and Marine floating macro litter Monitoring and Modelling of Environmental Loading (RIMMEL) ( e=rimmel) Estonia offered to lead (PRESSURE ) A first possible step to start up these actions could be a survey to PRESSURE the Contracting Parties to be initiated by Estonia in cooperation with the HELCOM Secretariat. Questionnaire sent; deadline 4 March Feedback provided by all HELCOM members except Germany, Lithuania and Russia. The received feedback indicated that all the landfills are under control in the region and cannot be considered as sources of marine litter (Outcome of PRESSURE , para. 3.9). shipping related waste RL15 Establish an exchange platform for spreading experiences on good cleaning practices in beaches, including cleaning beaches actions Coordinate with other RSCs in order to set up an exchange platform for spreading experiences on good cleaning by local communities, riverbanks, pelagic and practices in the different marine surface sea areas, ports, marinas and inland compartments and rivers. waterways, in cooperation with relevant fora. Develop best practice on environmental friendly technologies and methods for cleaning RS1 Development of best practice on the disposal Best practice developed by 2018 of old pleasure boats (i.e. intentional disposal of the boats at the ending of their lifetime in the sea and on shore). PRESSURE The Secretariat to communicate with Russia to provide information. Finland to consider leading this action (WS RAP ML ) Swedish national project on recycling of pleasure boats by Sweboat, Båtskroten Sverige AB and Stena Recycling AB (PRESSURE , doc. 5 7) MARITIME shipping related waste 2017 RS2 Develop best practice in relation to inspections for MARPOL Annex V, including harmonized of data. Support regional coordination of IMO regulations in accordance with EU requirements for those HELCOM countries which are EU members. Best practice developed in cooperation with Paris MoU by 2017 Germany to lead ( . Questionnaire compiling available information sent 18/2/2016. Deadline for replies: 3/3/2016 Germany informed at PRESSURE that an advanced draft of a background document is available. A questionnaire has also been sent to Maritime Group but only three countries have provided their answers so far, with the deadline for replies by 6 May Update provided at the WS RAP ML : draft report on analysis of penalties and fines issued by OSPAR and HELCOM members for waste disposal offences at sea. MARITIME, CG FINES shipping related waste 2016 RS3 Further work on implementation and harmonization of the no special fee system in ports of the Baltic Sea countries, addressing: * gaps in existing regulations, * enforcement and practices concerning shipping, * port reception facilities auditing to assess adequacy of garbage collection, * fair waste burden sharing between ports. Evaluate the implementation of HELCOM Germany willing to Recommendation (28E 10), starting 2016 contribute (e mail The EU has finalised a study on microplastics in cosmetics, being MARITIME, CG FINES its first part relevant for this action environmental status/descriptor 10/pdf/MSFD%20Measures%20to%20Combat%20Marine%20Litte r.pdf (e mail communication after PRESSURE 4 Update provided at the WS RAP ML from Germany: member of ESSF subgroup, data from HELCOM? 5

6 waste delivery in ports/marinas 2017 RS4 Implementation of the ISO standard (ISO :2013) in relation to port reception facilities. Differentiate according to the size of the port. Promote the development of regional statistics on waste collected in ports based on existing information as far as possible. Assess how many ports are operating according to ISO standards and to propose action as appropriate by RS5 Promote and disseminate best practice in relation to all relevant aspects of waste within the fishing sector (including e.g. waste on board, waste at harbors and operational losses/net cuttings) RS6 Through a multinational project, such as the MARELITT Baltic project, together with the fishing industry and other stakeholders, develop and promote best practice in relation to ALDFG and derelict fishing gear and their removal. By 2018, based on the OSPAR outcome, select best practices to be disseminated in the Baltic Sea. Best Practice developed by 2017, the issues is promoted within HELCOM EUSBSR cooperation MARITIME To be addressed by MARITIME Sweden offered to lead (HOD ). Germany willing to contribute (e mail One Swedish and one OSPAR reports on best practices for waste within the fishing sector to be ready during 2017 which could then be considered regarding the applicability in the Baltic Sea (PRESSURE ). The OSPAR report is to come by the end of the year, providing an overview and assessment of existing forms of measures/best practices. There has not been contact with the stakeholders involved yet. Envisaged working process for this action: Swedish report on onboard and in harbours (any day now); make use of the OSPAR work and drawn experiences and feed it into a HELCOM setting (WS RAP ML 1 Update provided at the WS RAP ML from Germany: Green deals (NL), shortfalls nat. RT Removal of derelict fishing gear, lost or discarded by fishermen in the Baltic Sea project presented by WWF Poland at PRESSURE (doc. 5 11). Poland and WWF Poland offered to lead the action on retrieval of the ghost nets from Sweden proposed to change the deadline to 2019 in view of the the Baltic Sea (HOD ). Germany to co lead (assisting) (e mail expected outcomes in the frame of the MARELITT Baltic project to be available in 2018 (PRESSURE 4 Germany to conduct the environmental impact assessment as part of the MARELITT project, joined work with FAO in CBD, national r&d ghost net, mapping and removal (WS RAP ML 1 WWF Poland informed at the WS RAP ML : Methodology for designating DFG hot spot areas under development. A map on the potential locations of underwater objects, shipwrecks and hooks to be produced. Surveys to be conducted among fishermen on the designation of the DGF. Methodology on retrieval of fishing gear has been developed. Forty ports have been visited and surveyed for waste and processing on fishing gear. A pilot action on sampling and preparation of DFG for processing is ongoing. A proposal to create the capacity building group and invite HELCOM experts to participate. FISH & MARITIME FISH 2017 RS7 Compile information and elaborate guidelines on best practices to reduce the input of ALDFG from commercial and recreational fishing to the Baltic Sea taking into account geographical particularities; utilize UNEP RSC report and FAO on ALDFG as a starting point and focus on regional specifics 2016 RS8 Identify the options to address key waste items from the industry, which could contribute to marine litter, including deposit schemes and extended producer responsibility. Guidelines developed by 2017 taking into account geographical particularities. Late 2016 assess the use of OSPAR _ document and in consultation with the Baltic Sea Advisory Council consider and agree on the way forward to address key waste items from the industries. Poland and WWF Poland offered to lead the action on retrieval of the ghost nets from the Baltic Sea (HOD ). Germany to co lead (assisting) (e mail SE programme of measures (EU PoM) includes a measure to reduce the input of ALDFG from commercial and recreational fishing in Swedish waters. MARELITT Baltic can feed knowledge into this action; see action RS6. Sweden proposed to change the deadline to 2019 in view of the expected outcomes in the frame of the MARELITT Baltic project to be available in 2018 (PRESSURE 4 Germany to conduct the environmental impact assessment as part of the MARELITT project, joined work with FAO in CBD, national r&d ghost net, mapping and removal (WS RAP ML 1 The EU has finalised a study on microplastics in cosmetics, being its first part relevant for this action environmental status/descriptor 10/pdf/MSFD%20Measures%20to%20Combat%20Marine%20Litte r.pdf (e mail communication after PRESSURE 4 FISH FISH 6

7 RS9 Investigate the use and prevalence of dolly Consider the outcome of the study on FISH To approach the Baltic Sea ropes (bunches of polyethylene threads used the impact of dolly ropes currently under Advisory Council to protect the cod end of demersal trawl nets from abrasions; synthetic fibre) in the areas of the Baltic Sea where they are used development by the Netherlands. Baltic Sea Advisory Council is to be invited to be involved in this activity. and consider the need to act RS10 Mapping of snagging sites or historic dumping grounds and a risk assessment for As part of the assessment to be developed by HELCOM SUBMERGED by _ identifying where accumulation of ghost nets Mapping by Risk assessment pose a threat to the environment and should by be removed. There is a Swedish project conducted by one municipality, FISH & MARITIME Trelleborgs kommun, working with this measure on a local scale. Marelitt Baltic can feed knowledge into this action; see action RS6. Denmark and WWF Poland to contribute on the identification of the hot spots. RS11 RS12 Based on the risk assessment conducted in RS10 and identification of accumulation areas, initiate removal of ghost nets and their safe on land. The aim is to increase the removal and disposal of the nets, and that statistics are available to confirm the increasing trend. Increasing trends in the number of _ Marelitt Baltic can feed knowledge into this action; see FISH & MARITIME action RS6. Enter into the partnership with international Poland and WWF FFL applied area wide in Mecklenburg Vorpommern and and regional organizations (e.g. KIMO, NABU, vessels from the fishing sector involved in Poland offered to lead Schleswig Holstein, assessed in terms of amounts and OSPAR Commission) as well as port authorities, to encourage implementation of the schemes. the action on retrieval composition, dual systems evaluates recycabilty (WS RAP ML 1 of the ghost nets from passive Fishing for Litter schemes, to collect litter caught in fishing nets during normal fishing activities. the Baltic Sea (HOD ). Germany to co lead MARELITT Baltic can feed knowledge into this action; see action RS RE1 To prepare information sheets to assist Contracting Parties in developing material for education programs, especially for professional seafarers including fishermen, highlighting the marine litter problem and including codes of practice in cooperation with relevant organisations including IMO RE2 HELCOM website to be updated periodically based on the input from Contracting Parties on marine litter activities. Information sheets to be prepared by initial information uploaded (simplified BSAP follow up system) FISH & MARITIME FISH & MARITIME To be addressed by FISH & MARITIME The Secretariat The Secretariat to investigate the implementation of this action 2016 RE3 Develop a communication strategy for this Regional Action Plan linked in a coherent way with national initiatives/actions. This will include linking the HELCOM website to relevant projects and initiatives The Secretariat The Secretariat to investigate the implementation of this action 7