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1 User Guide of the Food Monitoring Module FoMM in RODOS PV6.0 DAONEM FIKR-CT REPORT DECISION SUPPORT FOR NUCLEAR EMERGENCIES RODOS(RA5)-TN(03)03

2 Version

3 User Guide of the Food Monitoring Module FoMM in RODOS PV6.0 RODOS(RA5)-TN(03)03 Klaus Richter, Heinz Müller GSF - Institut für Strahlenschutz Ingolstädter Landstr.1 D Neuherberg heinz.mueller@gsf.de klaus.richter@gsf.de Florian Gering Bundesamt für Strahlenschutz Ingolstädter Landstr.1 D Neuherberg fgering@bfs.de October 2003 Management Summary This is the User Guide for the Food Monitoring Module FoMM of the RODOS PV6.0 version. Model description and module documentation for FoMM are available as extra reports RODOS(RA5)-TN(03)01 and RODOS(RA5)- TN(03)02. Version

4 Version 1.1 User Guide of the Food Monitoring Module FoMM in RODOS PV6.0 Contents 1 Overview Input Data Output data Starting the model Before the run Starting the Food Monitoring Module FoMM Archived runs Initialization Windows for FoMM Results and Data Output Output to the Graphics system Output for other RODOS modules Glossary

5 1 Overview Task of the Food Monitoring Module FoMM in the RODOS emergency management system is to use measurements of radioactive contamination of feedstuffs and foodstuffs for updating the corresponding model predictions. For this, FoMM carries out a data assimilation of model predictions and measured values. Input to FoMM is the output of the Deposition Monitoring Module DeMM which describes the deposition of nuclides onto agricultural areas. Data provided by DeMM are e.g. contamination (Bq/m²) (immediately after deposition) of foliage of plants used as feed and/or foodstuffs, contamination (Bq/m²) of vegetated soil (which is considered as representative for agricultural areas) immediately after deposition, activity concentration in air (Bq s/m 3 ). Further input are the measured data of activity concentrations of feed and/or foodstuffs. In the prototype version of FoMM in RODOS PV6.0 the measured data (activities of feedstuffs and foodstuffs) are read from a data file. In later versions, this data may be provided by the online data base of RODOS. The endpoints of FoMM are updated values of the food chain model parameters, updated deposited activities and updated activity concentrations in air. These data are used by FDMT for calculating feed and food contaminations as well as ingestion doses. Moreover, FoMM uses these data to calculate the activities of those feedstuffs and foodstuffs, which have been selected by the user and to display them graphically as maps and time-plots. The main flow of data between the modules around FoMM is shown schematically in Fig. 1. The data transfer via files and Shared memory is shown in fig. 2. A description of FoMM is given in the following reports: Documentation of the Food Monitoring Module FoMM in RODOS PV 6.0, RODOS report RODOS(RA5)-TN(03)02 and Model description of the Food Monitoring Module FoMM in RODOS PV 6.0, RODOS report RODOS(RA5)-TN(03)01. 3

6 Model chain Atmospheric Dispersion Module Data assimilation Atmospheric Monitoring Module Measurements Measurements: Gamma dose rate In-situ gamma spec Activity in air Wet deposition Deposited activity Activity in air Model parameter values Deposition Monitoring Module Food Monitoring Module Measurements: Gamma dose rate In-situ gamma spec Activity on ground and vegetation Measurements: Activities of feedstuffs and foodstuffs Food Chain Module Activities of feedstuffs and foodstuffs Activities of feedstuffs and foodstuffs Dose Module Doses and dose rates Countermeasure Module Figure 1: Data flow between modules of the RODOS emergency management system. The Food Monitoring Module is highlighted. 4

7 Deposition Monitoring Module Shared Memory Deposited activities & activity in air kontacovnn, kontann, acairnn Food Monitoring Module Model parameter values of the Food Chain Module Uncertainty of model parameter values latin.dat Measured activity of feedstuffs and foodstuffs m.dat Model parameter values paralist.dat Deposited activities & activity in air kontafommnn, acairfommnn Food Chain Module Fig. 2: Data transfer via files and Shared Memory for the Food Monitoring Module. 1.1 Input Data The following input data is transferred to FoMM from the Deposition Monitoring Module DeMM via shared memory (a detailed list of variables is in the FoMM documentation): Run ID of the underlying DeMM run Number of nuclides for which deposition has been calculated (max. 10) Names of the nuclides Number of locations, i.e. grid points (max. 2520) Date and time when the time arrays start (year, month, day, hour and minute) 5

8 Number of deposition days (max. 48). The following input data is transferred to FoMM from the Deposition Monitoring Module DeMM via files: kontacovnn: Ensemble values of the deposition to soil and to plant foliages for up to 100 locations, for each deposition day, where nn denotes the index of the deposition day. The locations are those where feed or food samples have been taken. For providing DeMM with the information, where feed or food samples have been taken, DeMM accesses the file m.dat, which contains the locations of the measurements. kontann: Mean deposition to soil and to plant foliages for all locations, for each deposition day. acairnn: Mean activity concentration in air for all locations, for each deposition day. The following data needed by FoMM for each location is coming from the RODOS geographical data base: Radioecological region Soil type Model parameters describing the transfer of nuclides in the food chains leading to radioactive contamination of feed and foodstuffs are kept in a data base. Individual data sets exist for each radioecological region. Important model parameters are e.g. Growing and harvesting times for different plants Transfer factors (soil-plant, feed-animal) Weathering rate, describing the decrease of activity on plants due to wind, rain etc. Soil mass These parameters are the same as used by the Food Chain and Dose Module FDMT for the assessment of feed and food contamination. In addition, FoMM needs data concerning the uncertainty of model parameters. These data are kept in the file latin.dat, which is located in the directory /roextern/data/fomm. The measured data which are used for data assimilation have to be kept in file m.dat, which is located in the directory /roextern/data/fomm. 6

9 1.2 Output data The main results of FoMM are updated model parameter values as well as deposited activities and activity concentrations in air. Updated model parameter values are written to the file paralist.dat, updated deposited activities are written to the file(s) kontafommnn and updated activity concentrations in air are written to the file(s) acairfommnn, where nn represents the index of the corresponding deposition day. These files are subsequently used by FDMT. A copy of the measurements used for data assimilation is written to file m.bak. (RODOS directory)... roextern data fdm (data files with parameter values for the food chain module) fomm input data files for data assimilation: latin.dat, m.dat outall / rodos / (DeMM-RunID) input files for FoMM generated by DeMM: kontacovnn, kontann, acairnn output files from FoMM: paralist.dat, kontafommnn, acairfommnn outall / rodos / (FoMM-RunID) output files from FoMM: paralist.dat, kontafommnn, acairfommnn, m.bak Fig. 3: Directories of input and output files used by the Food Monitoring Module. Results of FoMM can be displayed by the Graphical System of RODOS: a map which shows the grid cells in which measurements have taken place, furthermore maps and time plots of the specific activities of user-selected products as predicted by the food chain model before and after data assimilation. 7

10 2 Starting the model 2.1 Before the run To run FoMM, results of a previous run of the Deposition Monitoring Module DeMM is required as input data to FoMM. 2.2 Starting the Food Monitoring Module FoMM An interactive computation run of the Food Monitoring Module FoMM is started in the following way: To enable the graphics output of FoMM, the Graphics System of RODOS has to be started before FoMM is started by selecting the button [Graphics] in the main menu of RODOS! In the main menu of RODOS select the button [Interactive] The Interactive Manager window appears. Choose [Configuration] and then [Importing Result_Dataset To] to select the results of a previous run of the Deposition Monitoring Module DeMM as input to FoMM. 8

11 A window 'Target-Programs' appears, in which the button [FOMM60] has to be selected: Then a window appears in which archived runs of the Deposition Monitoring Modules are listed. A run is selected by clicking on it and then pressing the button [Apply]. Click on the button [FOMM60] in the 'Interactive Manager' - window to start a new run of FoMM. 9

12 A 'Start Box'-window for the definition of the RunId pops up, a RunId has to be entered by the user. The RunID can be any character string using letters and numbers (maximum 32 characters) and must be different from the RunIDs of previous runs which are still in the data base. The program run is started by clicking on [Start] in the 'Start'- window. After the program has been started, a 'Control & Services'-window appears (see below). This control window is divided into an upper and lower part. The upper part contains the RunID of the currently selected run as well as four buttons to control the runs. The lower part contains four buttons with which various services can be chosen. All buttons are described in detail in the User Guide for the Graphical System. The only button in the lower part which is of interest for FoMM is the button: [Process Status] Selecting this service opens a window with the list of all modules of the selected run and their actual state. The colour coding of the modules indicates whether the module has not yet started (blue), data is loaded from the database (yellow), the module is calculating (green), the results are archived in the database (red) or the module has finished it s work (grey). 10

13 2.3 Archived runs Archived graphical output of FoMM can be displayed by selecting [File] in the menu bar of the Interactive Manager of RODOS, and then selecting [Display Results]: 11

14 A window Program Groups appears, in which the button [FOMM60] has to be selected: Then a list of archived graphical output of all FOMM60 runs appears and a selection can be made by choosing one of the runs and selecting [Apply]: 12

15 A 'Control & Services'-window appears, where the button [Graphics] has to be selected: A window List of Pictures appears, in which all available graphical outputs of the chosen FoMM run are shown. Either all of the graphical output [All] or single results (selecting the appropriate result and the pressing [Apply]) can be chosen: 13

16 3 Initialization Windows for FoMM FoMM performs calculations of specific activities of feed and/or foodstuffs. However the user can select some properties of the calculations: Clicking on one of the four items brings you to subsequent selection windows (see following pages). Clicking on [Close] exits the Graphical User interface of FoMM. 14

17 [Data assimilation]: The user can decide which quantities shall be updated by data assimilation. In the default setting yes, model parameter values as well as deposited activities and activity concentrations in air provided by DeMM are updated. If no is selected, only the model parameter values are updated by data assimilation. In this case, the specific activities of feedstuffs and foodstuffs are calculated with unaltered deposited activities and activity concentration in air i.e. as provided by DeMM. Clicking on [Close] exits the window without storing any selection. Clicking on [Update] confirms any selection and exits the window. Clicking on [Default] resets the preset selections. Clicking on [Help] brings up a comment window. 15

18 [Feedstuff activities]: The feedstuffs can be selected whose specific activity the user wishes to be displayed graphically. The selection may comprise several feedstuffs. Clicking on [Close] exits the window without storing any selection. Clicking on [Update] confirms any selection and exits the window. Clicking on [Default] resets the preset selections. Clicking on [Help] brings up a comment window. 16

19 [Foodstuff activities]: The foodstuffs can be selected whose specific activity the user wishes to be displayed graphically. The selection may comprise several foodstuffs. Clicking on [Close] exits the window without storing any selection. Clicking on [Update] confirms any selection and exits the window. Clicking on [Default] resets the preset selections. Clicking on [Help] brings up a comment window. 17

20 [Various]: In the default setting the specific activity of processed feedstuffs and foodstuffs are calculated. In order to display instead of that the activities of the corresponding raw products the user has to select the option raw products. Clicking on [Close] exits the window without storing any selection. Clicking on [Update] confirms any selection and exits the window. Clicking on [Default] resets the preset selections. Clicking on [Help] brings up a comment window. 18

21 4 Results and Data Output 4.1 Output to the Graphics system The graphics system produces a map which shows the grid cells in which measurements of feedstuffs and foodstuffs have taken place. maps of the specific activity of user-selected products as predicted by the food chain model (without data assimilation). The maps refer to the point in time with the highest activity concentration calculated by data assimilation. maps of the specific activity of user-selected products as calculated by data assimilation. The maps refer to the point in time with the highest activity. time plots of the specific activity of user-selected products as predicted by the food chain model (without data assimilation). The time plots refer to the grid cell with the highest activity calculated by data assimilation. time plots of the specific activity of user-selected products as calculated by data assimilation. The time plots refer to the grid cell with the highest activity. Maps and time plots of activities of feedstuffs and foodstuffs are produced for all nuclides for which deposition data have been provided by the Deposition Monitoring Module DeMM. 4.2 Output for other RODOS modules FoMM produces results which are later used by the Terrestrial Food Chain and Dose Module FDMT. Data is written to files in the directory which is specific to the RunID of the DeMM run on which the actual FoMM run is based: paralist.dat: Model parameter values updated by data assimilation. kontafommnn: Deposited activities updated by data assimilation and calculated by spatial interpolation routines. nn denotes the deposition day, i.e. nn can have values from 01 through 48. acairfommnn: Activity concentrations in air updated by data assimilation and calculated by spatial interpolation routines. nn denotes the deposition day, i.e. nn can have values from 01 through 48. The files kontafommnn and acairfommnn are generated by FoMM only when data assimilation is carried out with the default option in the 19

22 Data assimilation -window. If the user decides not to include deposited activities and activity concentrations in air in the data assimilation then these files are not generated. No data is archived to the shared memory of the actual RunID of FoMM. 20

23 5 Glossary In this glossary a lot of terms appearing in this paper are defined, further explained or provided with a list of possible values. Data assimilation Data assimilation combines information given by model predictions and measured values. By using measurements the model predictions are improved and their uncertainty is reduced. The data assimilation tool used in the Food Monitoring Module is the Kalman filter. The Kalman filter in the Food Monitoring Module uses a state vector which contains parameter values of the food chain model, deposited activities and activity concentrations in air. By using the Kalman filter output updated model predictions are calculated. Deposition day A calendar day at which nuclides released by a nuclear accident are deposited onto ground and vegetation. Up to 48 consecutive deposition days indexed with corresponding indices 1, 2, 3,, 48 can be considered by the Food Monitoring Module. Deposition Monitoring Module The Deposition Monitoring Module (DeMM) is one of the RODOS modules. It carries out data assimilation in order to calculate deposited activities. For this, predictions of a deposition model and measurements (gamma dose rate, activity on ground and vegetation) are used. Output data of DeMM are used by the Food Monitoring Module. Ensemble Ensembles are used in the Food Monitoring Module to describe the uncertainty of deposited activities, of activity concentrations in air and of food chain model parameters. Each ensemble consists of N values, each one representing a possible value of the deposited activity, the activity concentration in air or the model parameter. The number of ensemble values is set to N=

24 Feedstuff Product consumed by animals. The feedstuffs which may be considered at present are given in the list below. At present, the only possible feedstuff in the aquatic mode is feeding water; all other feedstuffs except feeding water can be used in the terrestrial mode only: grass/hay (intensive cultivation) grass/hay (extensive cultivation) maize maize bulbs potatoes beets beet leaves winter barley spring barley winter wheat spring wheat rye oats distilling residues brewing residues skim milk whole milk substitute whey (rennet) whey (acid) feeding water Food chain module The food chain module is a part of the Food Chain and Dose Module for Terrestrial Pathways (FDMT) in the analysing subsystem of RODOS. The endpoints of the food chain module are specific activities in feedstuffs and foodstuffs calculated on basis of atmospheric dispersion data. The specific activities in foodstuffs are transmitted to the dose module for the calculation of ingestion doses. The food chain model used in FDMT is the same as in the Food Monitoring Module. Foodstuff Product consumed by humans. The foodstuffs which may be considered at present are given in the list below: spring wheat (whole) spring wheat (flour) spring wheat (bran) winter wheat(whole) winter wheat (flour) winter wheat (bran) rye (whole) rye (flour) rye (bran) oats potatoes leafy vegetables root vegetables fruit vegetables fruits berries cow's milk condensed milk cream butter cheese (rennet) cheese (acid) goat's milk sheep milk beef (cow) beef (bull) 22

25 veal pork lamb chicken eggs beer Location The data arrays are designed for analysis of 2520 locations according to the dimension of the dynamic grid of RODOS. However, due to limited storage resources, the Food Monitoring Module is able to carry out data assimilation for up to 100 locations only. At locations where no measurements of contamination of feedstuffs and foodstuffs are taken, deposited activities and activity concentrations in air, which are required by the food chain model as input data, are interpolated. For the interpolation mean input data provided by the Deposition Monitoring Module are used. Measurement The Food Monitoring Module uses the information given by measurements of the contamination of feedstuffs and foodstuffs. A measurement is characterized by the date of measurement, location of measurement, nuclide, feedstuff or foodstuff examined, measured value in [Bq/kg] and by the error of the measured value in [Bq/kg]. Model prediction Model predictions of the Food Monitoring Module are specific activities of feedstuffs and foodstuffs calculated by the food chain model. Since the model parameters as well as the input data of the Food Monitoring Module (deposited activities and activity concentrations in air) are associated with uncertainty, the predictions of the food chain model are associated with uncertainty too. In order to improve the model predictions and to reduce their uncertainty data assimilation using measured values of contamination of feedstuffs and foodstuffs is carried out in the Food Monitoring Module. Nuclide In the Food Monitoring Module up to 10 nuclides can be considered. The following nuclides may be included in the calculation: Ag 110m Am

26 Ba 140 Ce 141, Ce 143, Ce 144 Cm 242, Cm 244 Co 57, Co 58, Co 60 Cr 51 Cs 134, Cs 136, Cs 137, Cs 138 Fe 59 I 129, I 131, I 132, I 133, I 134, I 135 Kr 85m, Kr 87, Kr 88 La 140 Mn 54 Mo 99 Na 24 Nb 95 Nd 147 Np 239 Pr 143 Pu 238, Pu 239, Pu 240, Pu 241 Rb 86, Rb 88 Rh 105 Ru 103, Ru 105, Ru 106 Sb 127, Sb 129 Sr 89, Sr 90, Sr 91, Sr 92 Tc 99m Te 127m, Te 127,Te 129m, Te 129, Te 131, Te 131m, Te 132 Te 133m Te 133, Te 134 Xe 133, Xe 135, Xe 138 Y 90, Y 91 Zn 65 Zr 95, Zr 97 Processed product Feedstuff or foodstuff taking into account a minimum storage time and an enrichment or dilution of activity due to processing. A minimum value, presently set to 6 hours, is applied in the calculation of activities in processed products. Product Generic term for feedstuffs and foodstuffs. Both types of products are subdivided into raw products and processed products. Raw product 24

27 Feedstuff or foodstuff without consideration of a minimum storage time and an enrichment or dilution of activity due to processing. Region Area for which the model parameters (e.g. growing times of crops, feeding habits) are assumed to be constant. The parameters defined for a region are applied for all locations which are located within this radioecological region. Results Endpoints of the Food Monitoring Module. Results of the Food Monitoring Module are specific activities of feedstuffs and foodstuffs presented to the user in maps and time plots. Other results are updated model parameter values, deposited activities and activity concentrations in air, which serve as input data for subsequent RODOS modules. Time resolution The result vectors showing the time dependency of a specific activity are given with a time resolution which comprises 94 time steps: - each day up to 7 days after last possible deposition day, i.e. up to 55 days after first deposition day - 2, 3, and 4 weeks after last possible deposition day - 3 to 23 months (30 days a month) after first deposition day - 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 and 100 years (365 days a year) after first deposition day Units Specific activities in feedstuffs and foodstuffs are given in [Bq/kg]. 25

28 Document History Document Title: User Guide of the Food Monitoring Module FoMM in RODOS PV6.0 RODOS number: RODOS(RA5)-TN(03)03 Version and status: Version 1.1 (final) Authors/Editors: Heinz Müller, Klaus Richter, Florian Gering Address: GSF - Institut für Strahlenschutz, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, D Neuherberg heinz.mueller@gsf.de Issued by: Heinz Müller History: Version 1.1 (final) October 2003 Date of Issue: October 2003 Circulation: File Name: FoMMUGui60.doc Date of print: January 23,