ARCH 273 RECAP. Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 1. Designing a building is a messy problem. Not rocket science but worse

Transcription

1 ARCH 273 RECAP Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 1 Designing a building is a messy problem Not rocket science but worse Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 2 1

2 neuroethicscanada.wordpress.com Ignoring a problem, such as climate change, resource depletion, occupant comfort, does not make the problem go away Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 3 Living in fear (or trepidation) of a problem does not make the problem go away Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 4 2

3 Waiting for someone else (your consultant, the client, the Lone Ranger?) to solve a problem is usually not very rational Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 5 Start where you are, develop a plan, and jump in; to the best of your ability Don t punt, the rewards are not all that great Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 6 3

4 Start here! Design Intent Statements that express critical objectives related to an owner s project requirements and design team/owner interests/values: Provide thermal comfort Reduce CO2 production Provide visual excitement Project will have low first cost Maintenance costs will be low Systems will have high reliability Building will be green And so on Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 7 Then here! Design Criteria Benchmarks that provide a clear and useful design target for the broad objectives identified as design intent. For example High reliability means for this project an average time between failures of 3 years Visually exciting means for this project generally equivalent to 3 specific examples Energy efficient means for this project 25% less energy than required by ASHRAE Standard and so on Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 8 4

5 Daylighting! Square One: I personally believe that daylighting well-designed daylighting is mandatory for most buildings Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 9 Overcast Sky highest luminance at zenith orientation not relevant Daylighting 101: Review Point One horizontal skylights work well under overcast skies: they provide more light per square foot of opening than a vertical window Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 10 5

6 Clear Sky highest luminance is toward sun s position, but that brings problems luminance at horizon is greater than at zenith orientation is relevant Daylighting 101: Review Point Two windows work well under clear skies: they provide more light per square foot of opening than a horizontal skylight and are easier to shade Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 11 Daylight Illuminance Daylighting 101: Review Point Three sky direct sun Usually not needed; Normally not wanted Evans: Daylight in Architecture Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 12 6

7 Thermal Comfort It s much more than just temperature DB temperature RH Air speed MRT Clothing Activity State of mind Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 13 Building Envelope Multiple layers are arranged in a particular way in order to meet project design intents (to deal with various forces). There is (today) no one layer (material) that can meet all design intents. Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 14 7

8 Building Envelope Appropriate shading design involves blocking direct solar; fostering daylighting, and considering views. Direct solar is not good daylight. Looking at one or two days of the year will not cut it. East/west are harder to shade than south not impossible, just harder. Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 15 Band of Sun YOU will decide by intent or by default to embrace or ignore site (renewable) resources Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 16 8

9 Passive Systems Performance There are many easy-to-use tools for early design Have no fear dive in and use these but remain rational (question cross ventilation on an 85 deg day or when it is 90% RH) Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 17 Acoustics Mass Law: If you ignore acoustics it will come back to bite somebody and they ll bite you TL increases with increasing mass Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 18 9

10 Acoustics Remember and apply the basics Barrier Hole Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 19 Wishing something, or drawing something, does not change the laws of physics not a sound barrier a sound barrier Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 20 10

11 DOUBLE ENVELOPES Intent Criteria Methods Laws of physics Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 21 GREEN ROOFS Intent Criteria Methods Laws of physics Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 22 11

12 First, pass your ideas through the smell test Only then may you need to do some calculations Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 23 Think creatively and innovatively Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 24 12

13 Represent your ideas clearly and appropriately so problems are exposed for solution and not hidden for users to discover Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 25 Represent your ideas clearly and appropriately so problems are exposed for solution and not hidden for users to discover Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 26 13

14 Represent your ideas clearly and appropriately so problems are exposed for solution and not hidden for users to discover Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 27 Use what you have read, been told, and assimilated; don t backslide build upon natural daylight Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 28 14

15 You will, most of the time, meet your legal obligations defined by codes and contracts basicsnews.ca/ You will, hopefully, usually meet your design obligations to your clients and building users You will, ideally, meet your ethical obligations to society as a licensed professional to do no harm, even to those remote from your projects interactive.wxxi.org/ Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 29 As an architect, you WILL affect the environment; you will decide how! Ball State Architecture ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS 1 Grondzik 30 15