Post Fukushima accident safety assessment, requirement and study in China

Transcription

1 Post Fukushima accident safety assessment, requirement and study in China CHEN song Technical Meeting on Evaluation of NPP Design Safety June 26 th -29 th 2013 IAEA, Vienna

2 safety assessment, requirement and study in China Contents 1. Introduction 2. Safety Assessment of Chinese NPPs 3. Safety Regulatory Requirements(SRR) 4. SRR implementation Margin Enhancement 5. Safety Study 6. Summary

3 1 Introduction Post Fukushima accident Safety Activities in China 1 Safety assessment of Chinese NPP State Council Executive Conference reaffirmed Safety First Initiate Safety Inspection of Civilian Nuclear Facilities and nuclear power plants to evaluate whether the safety of operation and under-construction NPPs systematically is ensured. 2 Safety Regulatory Requirement Establishment of Nuclear Safety Plan to guide the safety design for the future NPPs in China. Near term action: General technology requirements for NPP design improvement. Long term action/further safety requirements: Physical Elimination of significant release radioactive materials, Radioactive Effluent Release requirement for Inland NPP in any condition.

4 2 Safety Assessment of Chinese NPPs State Council Executive Conference reaffirmed Safety First during the progress of nuclear power development and approved and imposed four resolutions on March 16, Start safety evaluation on operating nuclear facilities and NPP immediately. Enhance the safety management of operating nuclear facilities and NPP. Conduct a comprehensive review of the NPPs under construction. Review and approve the new nuclear power projects strictly. Suspend approval of new NPPs until the nuclear safety plan is in place.

5 2 Safety Assessment of Chinese NPPs Safety comprehensive inspection activities To satisfy the four national resolutions, NNSA, National Energy Administration and China Earthquake Administration organized and implemented Nuclear Safety Comprehensive Inspection for operating and constructing nuclear facilities. Operating and constructing NPPs performs self-review and response to the requirements of NNSA. Inspection scope: Based on Chinese condition and refer to the lessons of Fukushima accidents and the relative international safety assessment, External Events, Severe Accident, Emergency Management, Project Management and Design etc. aspects are focused.

6 2 Safety Assessment of Chinese NPPs Results of Safety Evaluation: Using the current effective nuclear safety regulations and guidelines, all NPPs in China are safe and reliable Basically, operation and constructing NPPs met with the requirements of Chinese Safety code as well as those of IAEA. Severe accident prevention and consequence mitigation measures already or will be considered in operation and constructing NPPs.

7 3 Safety Regulatory Requirements (SRR) National Policy Nuclear Safety Plan The nuclear safety plan was submitted to State Council in Dec 2011, and was accepted in Oct Based on the feedback from review and inspection, NNSA prepared the nuclear safety plan. The plan raised 9 key tasks, 5 key projects and 8 safeguard measurements, in order to achieve the international advanced nuclear safety level. Nuclear safety plan defined the development position and challenge, guideline and target, important assignment and guarantee condition, based on the experiences in nuclear safety and the demands of development.

8 3 Safety Regulatory Requirements (SRR) Fukushima Safety enhancement Activities: Near term action of safety enhancement: General technology requirements. G-III technology will be implemented. Long term action of safety enhancement: key safety issue should be resolved and applied in safety design for new construction NPPs. Physical Elimination of significant release radioactive materials. Radioactive Effluent Release requirement for Inland NPP. We called SRR with three most: Most advanced safety standards, most advanced technology used, most strict discharge requirements. The economy of nuclear power will be challenged.

9 3 Safety Regulatory Requirements (SRR) In order to further increase the nuclear safety, NNSA issued the General technical requirements, which includes 8 topics to guide the potential design improvement. Flood resistance Emergency water supply Mobile power supply Monitor of spent fuel pool Monitor and control of hydrogen Emergency operating facility Monitor of radiation and environment External hazards prevention

10 4 SRR implementation Margin Enhancement 1. According to the government safety regulatory requirements, safety evaluations on operation, design and development of NPP were conducted, using the current effective nuclear safety regulations and guidelines. 2. Considering the Fukushima accident was caused by beyond design basis earthquake and tsunami, great importance was attached to the capacity of NPPs against extreme natural hazards. 3. Based on the passive safety design philosophy, AP1000/CAP1400 has good capability against external hazards. Even in postulated Fukushima type accident, AP1000/CAP1400 could maintain the long term NPP operation safety with limited offsite support.

11 4 SRR implementation Margin enhancement In order to further increase the margin of NPP safety, effective measures are taken into account in the dry site selection: 1. Provide mobile water supply extension of cooling capability. 2. Provide mobile power supply extension of power supply 3. Improve environment radiation monitor enhance the understanding and risk protection of emergency situation. 4. Strengthen EOF design enhance the emergency response capability.

12 5 Safety Study How safe is safe enough to be a puzzle for government, safety administrator, utilities, designer and public. Achievement to Physical Elimination of significant release radioactive materials maybe the solution to the puzzle. What s the General & Specific Safety Provisions for physical elimination of significant release radioactive materials need to be defined. What is the general deterministic and probability objectives. What is the design criteria for the extent design extension conditions. What kind of the beyond external event need to be considered

13 5 Safety Study The China inland NPP projects suspended due to the rising suspicions after the Fukushima accidents occurred. Restart the China inland NPPs the two key safety issues must be resolved: Physical Elimination of significant release radioactive materials Radioactive Effluent Release requirement for Inland NPP.

14 5 Safety Study The China inland NPP projects suspended due to the rising suspicions after the Fukushima accidents occurred. Jingyu Beijing Xudabao Donggan Hongyanhe Baiyin Luoyang Shidaowan Haiyang Tianwan 已投运 17 台 17 units in operation 在建 28 台 28 units under construction 审查中 24 台 Other 24 units is under permission 提议中 80 余台 More than 80 units is proposed Peng an Fengdu Fuling Fangchenggang Changde Xianning Jiyang Pengze Taohuajiang Xuyu Wuhu Shanghai Fangjiashan Sanming Fuqing Putian Zhangzhou Lufeng Daya Bay Ling ao I,II Taishan (EPR) Yangjiang Changjiang Sanmen Wenzhou Ningde Qinshan I,II,III -14-

15 5 Safety Study Restart the China inland NPPs the two key safety issues must be resolved: Physical Elimination of significant release radioactive materials. Radioactive Effluent Release requirement for Inland NPP.

16 5 Safety Study Physical Elimination of significant release radioactive materials. There still bargain the quantity definition, general and specific requirements for physical elimination of significant release radioactive materials. The resolution is pressed for nuclear energy development especially after Fukushima accident. Draft study to be discussed: Definition: 5 E14 Bq I-131dose equivalent, upper limit of INES-4 event Deterministic and Probability requirements: Enhance the effectiveness of the independence between the levels of Defense-in-depth. LRF<a limit, which is less than 1.0E-6/reactor year, such as 1.0E-7/reactor year

17 5 Safety Study Radioactive Effluent Release requirement for Inland NPP. Study the zero release of Radioactive effluent during normal operation Study the resort and disposal of high radioactive waste liquid during severe accidents.

18 6 Summary 1. Enhancement of the safety of NPPs is the most important for the sustainable development of Nuclear Power. The lessons learned and countermeasures taken resulting from Fukushima is a long term process and need the cooperation and support among member states. 2. In order to ensure energy supply, optimize energy structure, and control greenhouse-gas emissions, electric power and economic development of China needs nuclear power. 3. China will perform the close cooperation with other countries, and try our best to enhance the nuclear safety performance and develop the advanced technology to meet the economic development requirements under the guide of IAEA.

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