AN INTRODUCTION TO SOLAR PV & CASE STUDIES FROM CUMBRIA (& elsewhere!)

Transcription

1 AN INTRODUCTION TO SOLAR PV & CASE STUDIES FROM CUMBRIA (& elsewhere!) A presentation to Barrow Renewables Workshop 11 June 2008 by Andy Mason, Projects Development Manager Sundog Energy Ltd

2 Clean energy solutions for a brighter future Designers and Installers of: >> Photovoltaics (PV) >> Small Wind Turbines throughout the UK!

3 Clean energy solutions for a brighter future Govt Accredited Framework Supplier Established since1995 Over 500 installations Public Sector Specialists

4 The Sundog Pedigree Martin Cotterell:- Founder, owner and MD Started Sundog Energy in 1995 Major author of several DTI and Energy Savings Trust guides to standards of installation for solar PV and wind turbines Represents the UK on the IEC committee for international standards on solar PV Serves on several industry committees and advisory bodies re. standards within the industry (e.g. REAL)

5 A small selection of our clients... Blackpool Town Council Bryant Homes CDS Housing (Liverpool) Cheshire County Council Countryside properties Hull City Council Lancashire Education Partnership Lambeth Borough Council Leicester Housing Association Leicester City Council Lincolnshire Rural Housing Association London & Quadrant Housing London Fire Brigade London Transport Museum (Covent Garden) Manchester City Council Miller Homes Persimmon Homes Progress Housing Association South Ayrshire Council Stocksbridge Future Partnership Stroud Co-Housing Wrexham Borough Council Taylor Wimpey

6 ..and here in Cumbria... Already completed... Rural Enterprise Centre, Penrith Keswick School Grayrigg Coronation Hall Arnside Educational Institute Cross Canonby Village Hall Netherhall School, Maryport Co-op Retail Society, Penrith Cockermouth Eco-Centre Kendal Sandgate School And on order (or close)... Askam Primary School Queen Katherines s School, Kendal Lowick Village Hall

7 TOPICS FOR TODAYS TALK PV Basics Types of PV system What to use where How to specify Costs and Benefits Pros & Cons Problems & Solutions Grants

8 First things first A Solar PV system is NOT a thermal or hot water system

9 A PV System What s involved.? Solar Cells..in Solar Modules (Panels)..forming a Solar Array..connected in series..generating Direct Current.. along cables to...an Inverter - DC to AC Switches & meters Connected to the mains (usually!)

10 Typical domestic PV system DC disconnect 0 I Inverter LABEL AC isolator LABEL LABEL LABEL Installation in loft 0123 kwh Generation meter data DISPLAY UNIT kw 0123 kwh 0123 CO2 Main isolator (double pole) securable in off position only 0 I LABEL New AC installation PV array. Series connected Single string Installation on roof Example domestic system - Single inverter - Single PV string - Connected into dedicated protective device in existing consumer unit Main Consumer Unit LABEL + SCHEMATIC 0123 kwh utility meter DNO supply Existing house AC installation

11 Typical commercial PV system PV distribution board DC disconnect 0 I Inverter AC isolator L1 L2 L3 N E LABEL LABEL LABEL LABEL DC disconnect 0 I Inverter AC isolator LABEL + SCHEMATIC LABEL LABEL LABEL LABEL DC disconnect 0 I Inverter AC isolator LABEL LABEL LABEL LABEL 4 pole contactor G59 relay protection Installation on roof Installation in plant room DISPLAY UNIT Main isolator (4 pole) securable in off position only 0 I LABEL sense AC Supply Remote display unit AC Supply kw 0123 kwh 0123 CO2 data Installation in main plant room kwh Example larger system - Two PV strings for each inverter - Three inverters (split across three-phase supply) - Connected via G59/1 relay protection to 3 phase MCB in main distribution unit Existing installation Feed to 3 pole MCB in main distribution board LABEL + SCHEMATIC

12 A Typical small inverter

13 Different PV Systems Above Roof ( On-Top ) Flat or Pitched In Roof (Semi Integrated) In Roof (Integrated Tiles ) Facades PV Glazing (Powerglaz or Glass-Glass) Ground Mounted Tracking Systems On-Grid or Off-Grid

14 PHOTOVOLTAICS ON TOP SYSTEMS

15 Arnside Educational Institute

16 BARLEY VILLAGE HALL (Burnley) a typical On Top pitched roof system

17 Mounting options: flat roof Products such as the ConSole are ideal for mounting PV arrays on a flat roof No roof penetrations are required to secure to the roof (held by ballast placed inside unit). Easy to install and quick to remove for any subsequent roof work repairs. Roof must be strong enough to withstand additional weight loading

18 Bolton Queensbridge School Project type Newbuild Size 20.4kWp PV array BP Solar (BP7175) Client Bolton Council Notes : PV fitted to standing seam roof Display meter designed by school children Issues: Delay due to (old) grant process

19 Typical Above Roof installation on social housing Troon, Ayrshire

20 Solar PV On Top Summary Pros: Uses standard modules Cheapest PV Cons: Aesthetics Planning Issues Roof Penetration issues Wind Loadings not if properly installed!

21 Solar PV Tile Systems

22 PV Tile Systems Redland Systems: PV800 retains tile coursing PV80 larger panels flat Velux

23 PV 800 Redland solar roofing systems from Lafarge PV 800 PV 80

24 Spring Gardens, Lancs. 22 houses, 24.64kWp For New Progress Housing Redland PV800

25 Solar PV Tile Systems PV800 - Eco Houses Cliburn, Penrith 2.8kWp each

26 Manchester Baytree Estate Project type Renovation scheme Size 60 Houses, each with a 1kWp array PV array - Redland PV800 PV tiles Client Manchester City Council Notes : Site roofers trained to install PV tiles Project duration 6 months Issues: Access difficulties slowed installation Complex array shapes needed to avoid shade & obstructions

27 Newcastle Great Park 10 houses, 14kWp For Bryant Homes and Persimmon Homes. Redland PV800

28 Redland PV80 Roof tile system

29 Roof Integrated PV80 PV80 INSTALLATION: 42 x SRT80 tiles (3.36kWp) - Keswick School

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31 PV80 on Pantile Roof Walsingham Church, Norfolk kwp

32 Solar PV Tile Systems Summary Pros: Aesthetic (Planning friendly) Can be fitted by roofer during the build Ideal on New Build Weatherproof guarantee Cons: More expensive Tricky on Retro Fit Some systems only fit with certain tiles

33 PHOTOVOLTAICS - PV GLAZING SYSTEMS

34 PV glazing systems Can replace glass in any part of a building Bespoke modules full control over design Creates systems with high visual impact Most expensive option

35 Blackpool Solarium Project type Renovation Size 17kWp PV / 12kW Wind PV array Bespoke glass-glass Client Blackpool Borough Council Notes : Double glazed modules Cell spacing optimised for balance of daylight and shading Issues: Relatively low pitch requires cleaning regime due to salt spray

36 Harrowside Solarium Blackpool Glass Glass PV For Blackpool Borough Council

37 Powerglaz PV Glazing

38 PV Glazing: Lockerbie School

39 SPECIFYING PHOTOVOLTAICS Two key questions... >> How much do I need? >> Where can I put it?

40 Specifying PV - Sizing PV systems are sized in kwp (kilowatt peak) i.e a 1 kwp system will generate 1kW under peak conditions SPECIFY: By OUTPUT: Optimally Oriented Each kwp generates kwh p.a. By AREA available (8.5 m 2 = 1kWp) so for 5kWp you need 43 sq.m. By BUDGET!! A typical 3 bed family house uses 3,500 4,000 kwh p.a. background electricity so 1kWp can provide roughly 20% of the need or alternatively you need a 5kWp system.

41 Some Typical Sizes & Costs Minimum for a single house: 0.8kWp ( 5-10K) Larger house: 2.5kWp ( 13-20K) Primary School: 3.3kWp ( 15-25K) Secondary School: 10kWp ( 42 60K) Large Community Centre/Office: 20kWp

42 Specifying by Carbon Saved Each kw hr generated saves either 0.43 (BRE) or kg CO 2 (Part L) E.g. a 3 kwp system optimally oriented would save 3 x 750 x 0.43 = 968 kg (nearly 1 Tonne) per year (BRE) Or under Part L 3 x 750 x = 1,278 kg (nearly 1.3 Tonne) per year Or on the South Coast! 3 x 900 x = 1,534 kg (nearly 1.3 Tonne) per year

43 Specifying PV - Orientation Vert Horiz. WEST SW SOUTH SE EAST

44 Specifying PV - Shade Cells & Modules in Series Part shade affects total array Guide 8 hours shade free (main summer) 100% shade free for 70% of the time is much better than 70% shade free 100% of the time!

45 Solar PV Grid Connection Can be Off Grid but preferably on grid wherever possible Matching output with demand nominal rather than actual Selling Your Surplus Exporting Electricity Selling your ROC s (Renewable Obligation Certificates)

46 Specifying Solar PV a Summary Identify the Need Determine the Output Identify the Location Check Orientation & Pitch Check Space Required Check Shade Issues Select the System - Planning - Roof Type

47 SO WHY FIT PV? : Two Basic Reasons Compliance 2. Market Pull

48 COMPLIANCE Building Regs (Part L) Merton Rules Code for Sustainable Homes Energy Certificates

49 Solar PV Benefits Adaptable / Flexible Min. Maintenance Long Lifetime 25 years guarantee High Carbon Saving Electricity!!! What it Says About You!! Exemplars Community Motivation Fixes price at 2008!! Exporting Energy above purchase prices! ROC s 4.5p per unit now.. but the future??? Education benefits

50 Key Applications Schools Social Housing Public Amenities Community Halls Waste Facilities

51 GRANTS Domestic limit 2,500 Business Sorry Nothing Available!! Public & Charitable Phase 2 up to 50% CSEP Community Sustainability also to 50%

52 providing renewable energy systems since 1995 Over 12 years experience from hundreds of wind and solar installations

53 Thank You Any Questions? Tel