Table of Contents i GENERAL. German Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Association Hydrogen Mirror 6/ TH GERMAN HYDROGEN CONGRESS IN BERLIN.

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1 Table of Contents i General 8 th German Hydrogen Congress in Berlin Happy 10 th anniversary The Hydrogen Community in Rio Mobile Applications Big Order for Nikola Zero Emission Transport in the Market of Rungis Hydrogen Buses for Northern France Audi and Hyundai cooperate Sustainable Retail Infrastructure 18 neue Stationen in Südkorea Schweizer Verband für Wasserstoff Mobilität Stationary Applications Wie man die Elektrolyse zum Laufen kriegt Japanische Elektrolyse in Herten Brennstoffzellen in den USA Research News Solarthermie + Elektrolyse Politics Kleines Land mit großen Plänen Der Wasserstoffplan Frankreichs GENERAL 8 TH GERMAN HYDROGEN CONGRESS IN BERLIN More than 200 deciders and experts from the energy and transport field met on June 6 th and 7 th in Berlin in the representation of the state of North Rhine Westphalia for the 8 th German Hydrogen Congress. The speakers demonstrated that hydrogen from renewable sources is already economical, e. g. in refineries and in the chemical industry, bat that this is possible also in Car Sharing with fuel cell vehicles. Building a

2 refilling station infrastructure for these vehicles is not even more expensive than in the case of battery cars. (Press release of Energieagentur NRW of 6. June 2018) HAPPY 10 TH ANNIVERSARY NOW (National Organisation Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology) was founded by the German government on 18 February 2008 as a Programme Management Association to coordinate funding under the National Innovation Programme Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Technology (NIP). On 11 June 2018, the 10 th anniversary was celebrated in the Federal Ministry of Transport under the motto Mobility and Energy with Batteries and Fuel Cells Market Preparation, Commercialisation, Challenges of the Future. The focus was on the future challenges. (NOW press release of 11. June 2018) THE HYDROGEN COMMUNITY IN RIO Brazil has a great interest in hydrogen. The country has enormous sources of renewable energy, among the second largest hydropower station in the world, and an even bigger potential. Hydrogen can help to tap it. And so more than 750 participants came to Barra de Tijuca, close to Rio de Janeiro, for the World Hydrogen Energy Conference from June 18 th to 21 st to exchange facts and opinions. 51 countries were represented. Almost 40 % of the participants (314) were Brazilians. The other important countries were represented as well, though the weak presence of the USA (29) was a bit surprising. 84 came from Germany, 49 from Japan, and 56 from China. The great number of papers submitted (630 were accepted) had the effect that there were nine or even ten parallel sessions each day. MOBILE APPLICATIONS BIG ORDER FOR NIKOLA Anheuser Busch, one of the biggest breweries of the USA, has ordered up to 800 fuel cell trucks from Nikola Motors. Beginning in 2020 they are to be integrated into the fleet delivering their beer to the customers. Anheuser Busch plans to convert the whole truck fleet to renewable power until (Anheuser Busch press release of 3. May 2018)

3 ZERO EMISSION TRANSPORT IN THE MARKET OF RUNGIS The central market of Rungis, located south of Paris near Orly airport, now has also a hydrogen refilling station. It supplies a fleet of 50 vans of the type Renault Kangoo Z.E. running on hydrogen. Technicians of ENGIE Cofely will use them to do maintenance work in the market and also in other commercial buildings in the Ile de France. The vehicles, which normally run on a battery, have got additional range by means of hydrogen and a fuel cell from Symbio. At this time the station can deliver 20 kg of hydrogen per day, but soon the capacity will be 80 kg. This is the current demand for the region south of Paris. Finally, the hydrogen will be made on site by means of electrolysis on the basis of renewable power only. The electrolyser will be delivered by McPhy. (McPhy press release of 7. June 2018) HYDROGEN BUSES FOR NORTHERN FRANCE SMT AG, a transport utility active in the region Hauts de France around Lille, will buy six fuel cell buses to run on the line between the cities Bruay Labuissière and Auchel. This will be the first bus line in France served entirely by hydrogen buses. The depot for them will be in Houdain, where a hydrogen refilling station will be built. (McPhy press release of 28. May 2018) AUDI AND HYUNDAI COOPERATE AUDI AG and Hyundai Motor Group will make patents and parts not relevant for competition available to each other mutually in the field of fuel cell cars. The agreement is not yet approved by the authorities. The objective of the cooperation is to reach the serial stage of the fuel cell quicker and more efficiently. In a first step Hyundai Motor Group will grant its partner access to components. These will be parts based on Hyundai Knowhow from the development of the fuel cell serial cars ix35 Fuel Cell and Nexo. Audi will also be able to fully use the Hyundai s delivery chain for FCEV parts. (Press releases of 20. June 2018) SUSTAINABLE RETAIL Toyota and the Japanese retail chain Seven Eleven Japan Co. Ltd. have agreed on a project for CO 2 reduction in the operation and supply of supermarkets. Fuel cell stacks as they are used in the Toyota Mirai will generate power from hydrogen in the shops. Rechargeable batteries from hybrid cars will store

4 solar power which is collected by PV panels. Bi directional charging stations can be supplied from battery and plug in hybrid cars so that they can supply power in case of demand. Toyota also develops a fuel cell truck. It will be 6.19 m long and use the Mirai fuel cell stacks also for cooling or freezing. The range is expected to be some 200 km, payload will be 3 t. An external power supply can provide electricity in case of demand. The first two fuel cell trucks will circulate in the Tokyo area in spring The first shops will be converted later in fall. (Toyota press releases of 7. June 2018) INFRASTRUCTURE 18 NEW STATIONS IN SOUTH KOREA The government of South Korea and private companies of the country have agreed to create until November a company for the installation of hydrogen refilling stations. Initially the alliance plans eight H 2 stations near important roads and ten in Seoul and other major cities. At this time there are ten hydrogen refilling stations in South Korea. Last year the government proclaimed the ambitious goal to bring fuel cell cars on the road until 2022 and to create an infrastructure of 310 H 2 stations. (The Korea Bizwire of 25. April 2018) SWISS ASSOCIATION FOR HYDROGEN MOBILITY On May 17 th seven important Swiss companies founded an Association for the Promotion of Hydrogen Mobility in order to accelerate the creation of an infrastructure for fuel cell vehicles. Agrola AG, AVIA Vereinigung, Coop, Coop Mineraloel AG, fenaco Genossenschaft, Migrol AG and Migros Genossenschafts Bund want to realize a grid of hydrogen stations covering the whole of Switzerland. This will be done with their own fleets and private money within the next five years. With more than 1500 stations in Switzerland and more than 1700 heavy trucks the partners would be able to achieve the installation of the infrastructure jointly. This must be seen before the background of the high fees which must be paid in Switzerland for heavy trucks; they are much higher than e. g. in Germany. This plus the high demand of such a vehicle does create the necessary demand for so many stations. The partners agree that the generation of hydrogen must be done with renewable energies only, for example from Swiss hydropower. (Press release of 18. May 2018)

5 STATIONARY APPLICATIONS HOW TO GET ENOUGH ELECTROLYSIS Using hydrogen as storage medium would demand much more electrolysis power than is installed today. Reasonable estimates say that some 200 GW would be necessary in Assuming a simple linear growth this would mean a plus of more than 6 GW per year, in Germany alone. But the global production today is just some 0.1 GW per year. How can we close this gap? This problem was discussed in a study Industrialization of water electrolysis in Germany being conducted by Fraunhofer ISE, Fraunhofer IPA and E4tech. The most important results were presented during an event in the federal ministry of transport in Berlin on June 8 th. The study examined the challenges in setting up a GW electrolysis industry in Germany, particularly with regard to critical components, their manufacturing processes, necessary supply chains and investment requirements. Furthermore, the most important barriers were evaluated and a demand forecast for installed electrolysis capacity up to 2050 was established. Based on these results and through the involvement of stakeholders from the electrolysis industry and from the user side, the technological, manufacturing and stakeholder specific needs for action were discussed and recommendations for action derived. (NOW press release of 8. June 2018) JAPANESE ELECTROLYSIS IN HERTEN On 27. April 2018 Asahi Kasei Europe started a demonstration project for the production of green hydrogen at the Hydrogen Competence Centre h2herten at Herten (North Rhine Westphalia). The project simulates the generation of hydrogen from wind power and contributes to the development of a production system for green hydrogen. Based on chlorine alkali electrolysis Asahi Kasei has developed an alkaline water electrolysis system that can be adapted to varying loads, as they are typical for renewable sources. It transforms power to hydrogen with a high efficiency and can be scaled up t 10 MW. The project will run for one year and will contribute to the development of a system for the large scale production of green hydrogen. (Asahi Kasei press release of 27. April 2018)

6 FUEL CELLS IN THE USA At the end of the year large (> 1 MW) power stations based on fuel cells with a total capacity of 137 MW were installed in the USA. 85 % of them went on grid since During the year 2016 the fuel cells generated a power of 0.81 TWh, some 0.02 % of the total power generation of the USA. 85 % of the generation were based on natural gas. 50 of the plants were running during the whole year Eight of them operated only during 30 % or less of the possible time. Obviously they were used only for peak loads or backup. Some 25 % of the plants were operating for 875 % or more of the time. 36 % of the capacity was installed in California, followed by the much smaller Connecticut with 27 % and the even smaller Delaware with 22 %. The rest is in North Carolina and Utah. (Information from the U. S. Energy Information Administration of 20. April 2018) RESEARCH NEWS SOLAR HEAT + ELECTROLYSIS Solar heat and electrolysis is a difficult couple. High temperature electrolysis requires temperatures of between 700 and 900 C. Processes at this temperature level are difficult to manage. The demands placed on the control technology are very high, which is why this combination has not previously been realised. But researchers at the DLR Institute of Engineering Thermodynamics in Stuttgart now did just this. The most difficult part was generating a steam supply that was as constant and stable as possible. High temperature electrolysis does not tolerate fluctuations in pressure. Changes in steam pressure can damage the cells in the electrolysis stack. Initial simulations have shown that hydrogen can be generated in a renewable manner at an overall efficiency of between 20 and 25 percent if high temperature electrolysis and solar thermal energy are combined. The size of solar thermal installations can be scaled up relatively easily; electrolysis systems can be expanded in a modular manner. Therefore, the researchers have concluded that very large installations with capacities of more than 100 MW are feasible. (DLR press release of 18. May 2018)

7 POLITICS GREAT PLANS OF A SMALL COUNTRY Central American Costa Rica wants to be the first country on earth to abandon fossil fuels. This was announced by the new president Carlos Alvarado on 16. May, his second day in office. Alvarado: Decarbonisation is the great task of our generation, and Costa Rica must be one of the first countries on earth, if not the first at all, to do this. Ours is the titanic and beautiful task to overcome the use of fossil fuels in our economy and to pave the way for clean and renewable energies. Alvarado indicated the year 2021 as target. At this time there is exactly one hydrogen bus in the country. It is now in an extensive test program. Alvarado used this bus to go to the event where he gave his speech about abandoning fossil fuels. (The Costa Rica News of 12. June 2018) FRENCH HYDROGEN PLAN On July 1 st the French minister for environment, Nicolas Hulot, presented a plan how to promote the development of hydrogen technology and to secure a leading position in the world for France. Already in M will be earmarked for low carbon hydrogen for industry, transport, and energy. Until 2023 the plan sees 100 refilling stations (now 20), and 5000 light and 200 heavy utility vehicles (bus, truck, ships) will be supplied. Until 2028 the government expects between 400 and 1000 refilling stations, to light and 800 to 2000 heavy vehicles. (Hydrogen Fuel News of 11. May 2018) i Imprint Published by the (DWV), Berlin, Germany Editor: Dr. Ulrich Schmidtchen, Berlin Letters: Moltkestr. 42, Berlin, Germany Phone: +49 (30) Fax: +49 (30)