U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY MARKET

Transcription

1 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY MARKET ENV003D July 2012 Andrew McWilliams Project Analyst ISBN: BCC Research 49 Walnut Park, Building 2 Wellesley, MA Phone: (sales) Web Address: sales@bccresearch.com

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1 STUDY BACKGROUND 1 STUDY GOALS AND OBJECTIVES 1 CONTRIBUTION OF THE STUDY AND INTENDED AUDIENCE 1 SCOPE AND FORMAT 2 METHODOLOGY 2 AUTHOR'S CREDENTIALS 3 RELATED BCC PUBLICATIONS 3 BCC ON-LINE SERVICES 3 DISCLAIMER 3 CHAPTER 2 SUMMARY 5 SUMMARY TABLE U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ 5 SUMMARY FIGURE U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, ($ 5 CHAPTER 3 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 8 IMPORTANCE OF THE INDUSTRY 8 HISTORY OF THE INDUSTRY 9 DESCRIPTION OF THE INDUSTRY 12 IAQ EQUIPMENT 12 Air Cleaners 13 Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Equipment 13 HVAC Replacement Filters 14 IAQ Instrumentation 14 IAQ CONSULTING SERVICES 15 ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES 15 CHAPTER 4 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY MARKET 17 TABLE 1 U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ 17 FIGURE 1 U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, ($ 17 INDOOR AIR QUALITY BACKGROUND 18 CAUSES OF IAQ PROBLEMS 19 TABLE 2 IAQ PROBLEMS FOUND IN NIOSH HEALTH-HAZARD EVALUATION INVESTIGATIONS (%) INADEQUATE VENTILATION 20 CONTAMINATION FROM INSIDE A BUILDING 20 CONTAMINATION FROM OUTSIDE SOURCES 21 MICROBIAL CONTAMINATION 21 CONTAMINATION FROM BUILDING MATERIALS 21 COMMON CONTAMINANTS 21 CARBON MONOXIDE 21 NITROGEN DIOXIDE 21 COMBUSTION PRODUCTS 22 OZONE 22 FORMALDEHYDE 22 PARTICULATES 22 20

3 RADON 22 ASBESTOS 23 VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS 23 ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO SMOKE 23 EFFECTS OF IAQ CONTAMINANTS 23 TABLE 3 IAQ-RELATED ILLNESSES REQUIRING MEDICAL ATTENTION 24 COST OF IAQ PROBLEMS TO THE U.S. ECONOMY 24 TABLE 4 IAQ-RELATED COSTS TO THE U.S. ECONOMY ($ BILLIONS) 25 FACTORS DRIVING IAQ INDUSTRY GROWTH 25 MOLD RUSH 25 SEPTEMBER 11, 2001 AND THE THREAT OF BIOTERRORISM 27 SWINE FLU 28 AMERICANS' INCREASED AWARENESS AND OPINIONS CONCERNING IAQ ISSUES 28 TABLE 5 IMPORTANCE OF IAQ IN THE HOME (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 6 COMPARISON OF MALE AND FEMALE IAQ HEALTH WORRIES (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 7 CONCERN REGARDING ALLERGENS IN THE HOME AND WORKPLACE BY AGE (%) 30 TABLE 8 HOMEOWNERS WHO WOULD PURCHASE PRODUCTS TO IMPROVE IAQ IN THEIR HOMES (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 9 SOLUTIONS HOMEOWNERS WOULD PURCHASE BY TYPE (% BASED ON SURVEY OF A 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 10 RESPONDENTS INTERESTED IN TESTING FOR MOLD (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. CITIZENS) TABLE 11 HOMEOWNERS PLANNING IAQ-RELATED IMPROVEMENTS (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 12 LEVEL OF CONCERN REGARDING IAQ IN THE WORKPLACE, 2000 AND 2001 (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) CHAPTER 5 IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES MARKET 34 IAQ EQUIPMENT 34 TABLE 13 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ 34 FIGURE 2 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, ($ 34 AIR CLEANERS 35 Air Cleaner Types 36 Tabletop Units 36 Room Units 36 In-Duct or Central Filtration Systems 36 Types of Air-Cleaning Processes 37 Mechanical Filters 37 Flat or Panel Filters 37 Pleated Filters 37 High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filters 38 Electronic Air Cleaners 38 Ionizers 38 Electrostatic Precipitators 39 Hybrid Filters 39 Gas-Phase Filters 40 Ozone Generators 40

4 Air Cleaner Standards 41 Standards for Portable Air Cleaners 41 Association of Home Appliance Manufacturers 41 TABLE 14 PARTICLES REMOVED WITH PORTABLE UNITS BY CADR AND ROOM SIZE (%) 42 U.S. Food and Drug Administration 43 Standards for In-Duct Systems 43 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineering ASHRAE Standard Military Standard AIR CLEANER MARKET VALUE 45 Portable Versus In-Duct 45 TABLE 15 U.S. PORTABLE VERSUS IN-DUCT AIR CLEANER MARKETS, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 3 U.S. PORTABLE VERSUS IN-DUCT AIR CLEANER MARKETS, ($ High-End and Low-End Portable Air Cleaners Sales 46 TABLE 16 HIGH- AND LOW-END PORTABLE AIR CLEANER SALES, 2011 ($ MILLIONS/%) 46 FIGURE 4 HIGH- AND LOW-END PORTABLE AIR CLEANER SALES, 2011 (%) 46 Air Cleaner Market by Technology Type 47 TABLE 17 U.S. AIR CLEANING MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 5 U.S. AIR CLEANER MARKET VALUE TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, ($ Electrostatic Precipitators 49 High-Efficiency Particulate Air Filters 49 Ozone Generators 50 Ionizers 51 Air Cleaner Market Value by Application 52 TABLE 18 U.S. AIR CLEANER MARKET BY END-USE CATEGORY, 2011 (%/$ 52 FIGURE 6 U.S. AIR CLEANERS MARKET BY END-USE CATEGORY, 2011 (%) 52 Air Cleaner Market Leaders 53 TABLE 19 LEADING AIR CLEANER MANUFACTURERS SALES AND MARKET SHARE, 2011 (%/$ REPLACEMENT FILTERS 54 Replacement Filter Technologies 54 Fiberglass 54 Pleated Paper 54 Media Filters 54 Electrostatic Filters 55 Electronic Air Filters 55 Washable and Reusable Filters 55 Nanofiber Filters 55 Additional Commercial-Grade HVAC Filters 55 ASHRAE Filters 56 HEPA Filters 56 Carbon Filters 56 Bag Filters 56 Filter Efficiency

5 Filter Performance 56 TABLE 20 EFFICIENCY OF REMOVING PARTICLES BETWEEN THE SIZES OF 0.3 MICRON AND 1 MICRON FROM INDOOR AIR (%) Pressure Drop 57 TABLE 21 PRESSURE-DROP RATINGS OF RESIDENTIAL HVAC FILTERS 58 REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET 58 TABLE 22 U.S. HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY END-USE, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 7 U.S. HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY END-USE, ($ 59 Replacement Filter Market 59 TABLE 23 U.S. RESIDENTIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ 60 FIGURE 8 U.S. RESIDENTIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 60 TABLE 24 U.S. COMMERCIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY CONFIGURATION, 2011 (%/$ FIGURE 9 U.S. COMMERCIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY CONFIGURATION, 2011 (%) 61 Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning Equipment Replacement Filter Market Leaders TABLE 25 COMMERCIAL HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET LEADERS, 2011 ($ VENTILATION SYSTEMS 62 TABLE 26 CAUSES OF SBS (%) 63 TABLE 27 IAQ PROBLEMS NOTED IN 104 OFFICE BUILDINGS STUDIED BY NIOSH 63 Ventilation Systems Market 64 TABLE 28 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEMS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 64 FIGURE 10 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEMS MARKET, ($ 64 Most-Promising Ventilation Technologies 65 Demand-Control Ventilation 65 Demand-Control Ventilation Technology Manufacturers 66 Energy-Recovery Ventilation 66 Heat-Recovery Ventilation Technologies 67 Drivers for Energy-Recovery Ventilation Technology 67 Benefits of Energy-Recovery Ventilation Technology 67 Humidity Control 67 Reduced Design Loads 67 Energy Savings 67 Safety and Performance Certification 68 Equipment Availability 68 Residential Use of Energy-Recovery Ventilation 68 Manufacturers of Energy-Recovery Ventilation Systems 69 Similarities Between Energy-Recovery and Heat-Recovery Ventilation Technologies Displacement Ventilation 69 Displacement Ventilation Manufacturers 70 Air Quality-Related Ventilation Equipment Market by Type 70 TABLE 29 U.S. VENTILATION TECHNOLOGY MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ 71 FIGURE 11 U.S. VENTILATION TECHNOLOGY MARKET BY TYPE, ($ 71 Ventilation System Market by Application 72 TABLE 30 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEM MARKET BY END-USE, 2011 ($ 72 FIGURE 12 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEM MARKET BY END USE, 2011 (%)

6 HVAC Equipment-Related Standards 73 ASHRAE Standard TABLE 31 ASHRAE TEMPERATURE RECOMMENDATIONS 74 ASHRAE Standard TABLE 32 CFM PER PERSON BY SPACE TYPE ACCORDING TO ASHRAE ASHRAE Standard ASHRAE Standard IAQ INSTRUMENTATION 76 IAQ Instrumentation Applications 77 Measurements Used to Determine Air Quality 77 Comfort Issues 77 Temperature 77 Humidity 77 Air Velocity 77 Volume 78 Ventilation 78 Health and Safety Issues 78 Carbon Monoxide 79 Airborne Particles 79 Biological Contaminants 80 Chemicals in Aerosol Form 80 IAQ Instrumentation Market 81 TABLE 33 IAQ INSTRUMENTATION APPLICATIONS 81 TABLE 34 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 82 FIGURE 13 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET, ($ 82 IAQ Instrumentation Market by Type: Common Instrumentation 83 TABLE 35 U.S. COMMON IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ 83 FIGURE 14 U.S. COMMON IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 83 IAQ Instrumentation Market by Type: Specialty Instrumentation 84 TABLE 36 U.S. SPECIALTY IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ 84 FIGURE 15 U.S. SPECIALTY IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 85 IAQ Instrumentation Market Value by Application 85 TABLE 37 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2011 (%/$ 86 FIGURE 16 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2011 (%) 86 Leading Manufacturers of IAQ Instrumentation 86 TABLE 38 IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET LEADERS, 2011 ($ 87 Stationary IAQ Instrumentation 87 TABLE 39 PORTABLE VERSUS STATIONARY IAQ EQUIPMENT SALES, 2011 ($ 88 FIGURE 17 PORTABLE VERSUS STATIONARY IAQ EQUIPMENT SALES, 2011 (%) 88 IAQ CONSULTING MARKET 88 TABLE 40 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING INDUSTRY MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 89 IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET 89 MOLD-REMEDIATION INDUSTRY 89 Mold Background 89 Mold-Related Health Effects 90 Mold-Remediation Practices 90 Remediation Plan 90

7 Mold Sampling 91 Remediation Equipment 91 Moisture Meters 91 Humidity Gauges 91 Boroscope 92 Mold-Remediation Clean-Up Methods 92 Wet Vacuum 92 Damp Wipe 92 HEPA Vacuum 92 Disposal of Damaged Materials 92 Biocides 93 Ultraviolet Lights 93 Mold Remediation Guidelines 94 S520 Standard and Reference Guide for Mold Remediation 94 Mold Certifications 96 Indoor Air Quality Association Certifications 96 American Indoor Air Quality Council Certifications 97 Institute of Inspection, Cleaning and Restoration Certifications 97 American Industrial Hygiene Association Certifications 97 Mold Legislation 97 Federal Legislation 97 State Legislation 98 ASBESTOS ABATEMENT 98 Asbestos Background 98 Asbestos Health Effects 99 Asbestos in the Home 99 Identifying Materials that Contain Asbestos 100 Managing Asbestos Problems 100 Asbestos Professionals 101 History of the Asbestos Abatement Industry 101 Asbestos Removal Industry Setbacks 102 Current State of the Asbestos Abatement Industry 102 RADON REMOVAL 102 Radon Background 103 Radon-Related Health Effects 103 U.S. Radon Problem 103 Testing for Radon 104 Short-Term Testing 104 Long-Term Testing 104 Reducing Indoor Radon Levels 104 Slowing of the Radon Repair Industry 105 IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET 105 IAQ Environmental Services Market: Services and Equipment 105 TABLE 41 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 106 FIGURE 18 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, ($ 106 IAQ Environmental Services Market by Type 106 TABLE 42 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET BY TYPE, 2011* ($ 107

8 FIGURE 19 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET BY TYPE, 2011* (%) 107 Reasons for IAQ Environmental Services Industry Growth 108 CHAPTER 6 IAQ END-USE APPLICATIONS AND MARKET POTENTIAL 110 FIGURE 20 IAQ MARKET BY END USES, 2011 AND 2017 (%) 110 TABLE 43 IAQ MARKET BY END USES, THROUGH 2017 ($ 111 RESIDENCES 111 POLLUTANTS COMMONLY FOUND IN THE HOME 112 Respirable Particles 112 Organic Pollutants 112 Formaldehyde 112 Pesticides 113 Lead 113 Asbestos 113 Biological Pollutants 113 Nitrogen Dioxide 114 Carbon Monoxide 114 Radon 114 Environmental Tobacco Smoke 115 RESIDENTIAL INDOOR AIR POLLUTION AND HEALTH 115 Immediate Effects 115 Long-Term Effects 115 RESIDENTIAL MARKET 116 TABLE 44 COMMON RESIDENTIAL AIR POLLUTANTS AND CONTROL METHODS 116 TABLE 45 U.S. RESIDENCES WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES, 2009 ( FIGURE 21 U.S. RESIDENCES WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES, 2009 (MILLION UNITS) RESIDENTIAL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET 118 TABLE 46 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 22 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, ($ 118 RESIDENTIAL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET 119 TABLE 47 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 23 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, ($ COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS 120 HEALTH PROBLEMS AND VENTILATION 120 CONTROLLING INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS 120 COMMERCIAL VENTILATION SYSTEMS PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS 121 Common Problems with HVAC System Design 121 Intermittent Air Flow 121 Distribution of Air 121 Building Supply and Exhaust Locations 121 Outdoor Air 122 Periods of Operation 122 Maintenance

9 Air Cleaners 122 COMMERCIAL BUILDING MARKET FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES 123 TABLE 48 U.S. COMMERCIAL BUILDLINGS WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES ( FIGURE 24 U.S. COMMERCIAL BUILDLINGS WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES ( COMMERCIAL BUILDING MARKET FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT 125 TABLE 49 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 25 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, ($ COMMERCIAL BUILDING MARKET FOR IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES TABLE 50 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 26 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, ($ SCHOOLS 127 IAQ ISSUES UNIQUE TO SCHOOLS 127 IMPORTANCE OF ADDRESSING IAQ ISSUES IN SCHOOLS 128 INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN SCHOOLS 128 Biological Contaminants 128 Carbon Dioxide 129 Carbon Monoxide 129 Dust 129 Secondhand Smoke 130 Lead 130 Nitrogen Oxides 131 Pesticides 131 Radon 131 Volatile Organic Compounds 132 FILTRATION FOR IMPROVED SCHOOL IAQ 132 TABLE 51 AIR QUALITY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EDUCATION FACILITIES 133 SCHOOL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET 133 TABLE 52 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ 134 FIGURE 27 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, ($ 134 SCHOOL CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET 134 TABLE 53 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 28 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, ($ HEALTHCARE FACILITIES 135 IMPORTANCE OF GOOD INDOOR AIR QUALITY IN HEALTHCARE FACILITIES 136 AMERICAN ISTITUTE OF ARCHITECTS GUIDELINES ON HEALTHCARE FACILITY AIR QUALITY HEALTHCARE-RELATED MARKET FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT 138 TABLE 54 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 138 FIGURE 29 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET, ($ 139 HEALTHCARE MARKET FOR IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

10 TABLE 55 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET VALUE, THROUGH 2017 ($ FIGURE 30 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET VALUE, ($ CHAPTER 7 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES 142 FIGURE 31 MAJOR GLOBAL MARKETS FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT, 2011 (%) 142 TABLE 56 GLOBAL MARKETS FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ 143 CHAPTER 8 PATENT ANALYSIS 145 SEARCH CRITERIA 145 FIGURE 32 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY EQUIPMENT PATENTS BY TYPE, 2000-MAY 2012 (%) 145 FIGURE 33 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY EQUIPMENT PATENTS ISSUED, TABLE 57 COMPANIES ISSUED MULTIPLE IAQ EQUIPMENT PATENTS, JANUARY 1, 2000 JUNE 30, CHAPTER 9 COMPANY PROFILES 150 3M 150 APRILAIRE 150 CAMFIL FARR 150 CARRIER CORP. 151 CLARCOR INC. 151 FILTRATION GROUP 152 FRIEDRICH AIR CONDITIONING CO. 152 GRAYWOLF SENSING SOLUTIONS 152 HALTON CO. 153 HOLMES GROUP 153 HONEYWELL INTERNATIONAL 153 HUNTER FAN CO. 154 KD ENGINEERING 154 LENNOX INTERNATIONAL 154 MCQUAY INTERNATIONAL INC. 154 NU-AIR VENTILATION SYSTEMS 155 QUEST TECHNOLOGIES 155 RENEWAIRE 156 TESTO 156 TRANE 156 TSI INC. 156 UNITED AIR SPECIALISTS 157 WHIRLPOOL CORP. 157 CHAPTER 10 APPENDIX 160 IAQ COMPANIES AND SIGNIFICANT PRODUCTS 160 TABLE 58 IAQ COMPANIES AND SIGNIFICANT PRODUCTS 160

11 LIST OF TABLES TABLE HEADING SUMMARY TABLE U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ 5 TABLE 1 U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ 17 TABLE 2 IAQ PROBLEMS FOUND IN NIOSH HEALTH-HAZARD EVALUATION INVESTIGATIONS (%) TABLE 3 IAQ-RELATED ILLNESSES REQUIRING MEDICAL ATTENTION 24 TABLE 4 IAQ-RELATED COSTS TO THE U.S. ECONOMY ($ BILLIONS) 25 TABLE 5 IMPORTANCE OF IAQ IN THE HOME (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 6 COMPARISON OF MALE AND FEMALE IAQ HEALTH WORRIES (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 7 CONCERN REGARDING ALLERGENS IN THE HOME AND WORKPLACE BY AGE (%) 30 TABLE 8 HOMEOWNERS WHO WOULD PURCHASE PRODUCTS TO IMPROVE IAQ IN THEIR HOMES (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 9 SOLUTIONS HOMEOWNERS WOULD PURCHASE BY TYPE (% BASED ON SURVEY OF A 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 10 RESPONDENTS INTERESTED IN TESTING FOR MOLD (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. CITIZENS) TABLE 11 HOMEOWNERS PLANNING IAQ-RELATED IMPROVEMENTS (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 12 LEVEL OF CONCERN REGARDING IAQ IN THE WORKPLACE, 2000 AND 2001 (% BASED ON A SURVEY OF 1,000 U.S. RESIDENTS) TABLE 13 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ 34 TABLE 14 PARTICLES REMOVED WITH PORTABLE UNITS BY CADR AND ROOM SIZE (%) 42 TABLE 15 U.S. PORTABLE VERSUS IN-DUCT AIR CLEANER MARKETS, THROUGH 2017 ($ TABLE 16 HIGH- AND LOW-END PORTABLE AIR CLEANER SALES, 2011 ($ MILLIONS/%) 46 TABLE 17 U.S. AIR CLEANING MARKET BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ 48 TABLE 18 U.S. AIR CLEANER MARKET BY END-USE CATEGORY, 2011 (%/$ 52 TABLE 19 LEADING AIR CLEANER MANUFACTURERS SALES AND MARKET SHARE, 2011 (%/$ TABLE 20 EFFICIENCY OF REMOVING PARTICLES BETWEEN THE SIZES OF 0.3 MICRON AND 1 MICRON FROM INDOOR AIR (%) TABLE 21 PRESSURE-DROP RATINGS OF RESIDENTIAL HVAC FILTERS 58 TABLE 22 U.S. HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY END-USE, THROUGH 2017 ($ TABLE 23 U.S. RESIDENTIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ 60 TABLE 24 U.S. COMMERCIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY CONFIGURATION, 2011 (%/$ TABLE 25 COMMERCIAL HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET LEADERS, 2011 ($ 62 TABLE 26 CAUSES OF SBS (%) 63 TABLE 27 IAQ PROBLEMS NOTED IN 104 OFFICE BUILDINGS STUDIED BY NIOSH 63 TABLE 28 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEMS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 64 TABLE 29 U.S. VENTILATION TECHNOLOGY MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ 71 TABLE 30 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEM MARKET BY END-USE, 2011 ($ 72 TABLE 31 ASHRAE TEMPERATURE RECOMMENDATIONS 74 TABLE 32 CFM PER PERSON BY SPACE TYPE ACCORDING TO ASHRAE TABLE 33 IAQ INSTRUMENTATION APPLICATIONS 81 TABLE 34 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 82 TABLE 35 U.S. COMMON IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$

12 TABLE HEADING TABLE 36 U.S. SPECIALTY IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%/$ 84 TABLE 37 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2011 (%/$ 86 TABLE 38 IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET LEADERS, 2011 ($ 87 TABLE 39 PORTABLE VERSUS STATIONARY IAQ EQUIPMENT SALES, 2011 ($ 88 TABLE 40 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING INDUSTRY MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 89 TABLE 41 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 106 TABLE 42 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET BY TYPE, 2011* ($ 107 TABLE 43 IAQ MARKET BY END USES, THROUGH 2017 ($ 111 TABLE 44 COMMON RESIDENTIAL AIR POLLUTANTS AND CONTROL METHODS 116 TABLE 45 U.S. RESIDENCES WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES, 2009 ( TABLE 46 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ TABLE 47 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ TABLE 48 U.S. COMMERCIAL BUILDLINGS WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES ( TABLE 49 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ TABLE 50 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ TABLE 51 AIR QUALITY RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EDUCATION FACILITIES 133 TABLE 52 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, THROUGH 2017 ($ 134 TABLE 53 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ TABLE 54 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET, THROUGH 2017 ($ 138 TABLE 55 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET VALUE, THROUGH 2017 ($ TABLE 56 GLOBAL MARKETS FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT, THROUGH 2017 ($ 143 TABLE 57 COMPANIES ISSUED MULTIPLE IAQ EQUIPMENT PATENTS, JANUARY 1, 2000 JUNE 30, 2009 TABLE 58 IAQ COMPANIES AND SIGNIFICANT PRODUCTS

13 LIST OF FIGURES FIGURE TITLE SUMMARY FIGURE U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, ($ 5 FIGURE 1 U.S. IAQ MARKET BY SEGMENT, ($ 17 FIGURE 2 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, ($ 34 FIGURE 3 U.S. PORTABLE VERSUS IN-DUCT AIR CLEANER MARKETS, ($ 45 FIGURE 4 HIGH- AND LOW-END PORTABLE AIR CLEANER SALES, 2011 (%) 46 FIGURE 5 U.S. AIR CLEANER MARKET VALUE TRENDS BY TECHNOLOGY TYPE, ($ FIGURE 6 U.S. AIR CLEANERS MARKET BY END-USE CATEGORY, 2011 (%) 52 FIGURE 7 U.S. HVAC REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY END-USE, ($ 59 FIGURE 8 U.S. RESIDENTIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 60 FIGURE 9 U.S. COMMERCIAL REPLACEMENT FILTER MARKET BY CONFIGURATION, 2011 (%) 61 FIGURE 10 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEMS MARKET, ($ 64 FIGURE 11 U.S. VENTILATION TECHNOLOGY MARKET BY TYPE, ($ 71 FIGURE 12 U.S. VENTILATION SYSTEM MARKET BY END USE, 2011 (%) 73 FIGURE 13 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET, ($ 82 FIGURE 14 U.S. COMMON IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 83 FIGURE 15 U.S. SPECIALTY IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY TYPE, 2011 (%) 85 FIGURE 16 U.S. IAQ INSTRUMENTATION MARKET BY APPLICATION, 2011 (%) 86 FIGURE 17 PORTABLE VERSUS STATIONARY IAQ EQUIPMENT SALES, 2011 (%) 88 FIGURE 18 U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, ($ 106 FIGURE 19 U.S. IAQ ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET BY TYPE, 2011* (%) 107 FIGURE 20 IAQ MARKET BY END USES, 2011 AND 2017 (%) 110 FIGURE 21 U.S. RESIDENCES WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES, 2009 (MILLION UNITS) FIGURE 22 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, ($ 118 FIGURE 23 U.S. RESIDENTIAL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, ($ FIGURE 24 U.S. COMMERCIAL BUILDLINGS WITH POTENTIAL NEED FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT AND SERVICES ( FIGURE 25 U.S. IAQ EQUIPMENT IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, ($ FIGURE 26 U.S. IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES IN COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS MARKET, ($ FIGURE 27 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET BY TYPE, ($ 134 FIGURE 28 U.S. SCHOOL IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET, ($ FIGURE 29 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ EQUIPMENT MARKET, ($ 139 FIGURE 30 U.S. HEALTHCARE IAQ CONSULTING AND ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES MARKET VALUE, ($ FIGURE 31 MAJOR GLOBAL MARKETS FOR IAQ EQUIPMENT, 2011 (%) 142 FIGURE 32 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY EQUIPMENT PATENTS BY TYPE, 2000-MAY 2012 (%) 145 FIGURE 33 U.S. INDOOR AIR QUALITY EQUIPMENT PATENTS ISSUED,