Web Seminar. Indoor Air Quality. Indoor Air Quality and Air Cleaning 19 November Peter DYMENT Camfil Ltd

Transcription

1 Indoor Air Quality Indoor Air Quality and Air Cleaning 19 November 2013 Peter DYMENT Camfil Ltd

2 Indoor Air Quality Indoor Air Quality perception is different for each individual Clean air of the correct temperature and humidity is required. ECONOMIC AND HEALTH PENALTY Loss of Work Efficiency with poor IAQ or Sick Building Syndrome ECONOMIC AND HEALTH BENEFIT In an office study productivity increased by 6.5% and error rate reduced by 18% when a pollution source was removed. Wargocki et al

3 3 How to maintain IAQ in our buildings? 90% of our time INSIDE ISO (EN16001) Principles can be applied to Indoor Air Quality as well as Energy Efficiency Monitor IAQ as well as HVAC Plant energy use Plan Implement Monitor Check

4 Indoor Air Quality What are the key elements that make Good Indoor Air Quality 1. Clean Air that has the minimal levels of air pollution 2. Comfortable Air Temperature 3. Comfortable level of Humidity 4. Ventilation rate is able to dilute Carbon Dioxide and replace Oxygen 5. An Air tight building envelope with tested performance 6. Planned maintenance that includes AHU and Air Duct Hygiene with cleaning, inspection and monitoring Particle counting in Knightsbridge London Outside Traffic pollution will enter buildings

5 What is in the air that we do not see? Poly cyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Ozone What is risk to our Health? 5

6 Indoor Air Quality 1. Clean air that can be inhaled without risk to health. LOW - PM2.5 LOW - NOx LOW - O3 LOW SOx Use Air filters recommended by EN13779:2007 and tested to EN779: Temperature deg.c. Suitable for purpose 3. Relative Humidity should be 40% to 60% 4. Ventilation rate sufficient to dilute CO2 and maintain O2 5. Check building envelope has low leakage 6. Check HVAC plant is fit for purpose, well maintained. Suitable controls and control strategy. 6

7 US Six Cities Survey indicates PM2.5 exposure is raising mortality rates across the UK London Region The WHO REVIHAAP Report 2013 advises that the previous 2005 guidelines for PM2.5 LONDON 10m/m3, annual average and 25 mg/m3, 24h average are set too high and must be reduced PM2.5 is a WHO Group1 carcinogen Relationship between PM2.5 and mortality 10% 15% 20% 30% INCREASE IN THE MORTALITY RATE WHO says There is no safe level of exposure to PM2.5

8 What is the major risk to health? Air Pollution causes up to 360,000 premature deaths per year in the EU. Pope et al 2002 Particles Cardio vascular diseases Lung diseases Asthma Increased mortality in heart and lung diseases and cancer Nitrogen dioxide Asthma and breathing disorder Reduced lung function Reduced immunological defense. Cancer? Ozone Asthmatic disorders, mucous irritation, eye irritation, headache Benzene & PAH Cancer 8

9 Some Pollutants are Outdoor Sourced Some are Indoor Sourced Which are the most hazardous to health? 9

10 Healthvent EU Project Report

11 Healthvent EU Project Report

12 An airtight building envelope with air filtration can prevent ingress of air pollution Particles counted are mainly toxic fine combustion particulates from traffic Benefit Particle Reduction of 78% between Outside and Inside Air Particle Reduction to Supply Air also by Effective Air Filtration 12

13 How much is too much? To protect people's health & the environment Agreed with EU directives Particles PM2.5 * Max 25 μg/m 3 /24 h Max 10 μg/m 3 /year annual mean Nitrogen dioxide: Ozone: Max 200 μg/m 3 /1h mean Max 40 μg/m 3 /year annual mean Below 100 μg/m 3 8 h mean WHO has declared fine combustion particles from diesel engines are now classed as a Group 1 Carcinogen. Also general Air Pollution. 13

14 Indoor Air Quality problems can be determined by testing Indoor air pollutants can be measured and assessed by use of a particle counter or for gas pollutants a gas monitor or a City check kit as shown. This kit can determine concentration levels for 39 different problem gas pollutants. Once the type and concentration of the pollutants has been determined and the risk level determined, action can be taken when required to make reductions. Portable handheld particle counter 14

15 Low Energy Air Filters consistent and effective IAQ performance City-Flo Bag filter HiFlo M7 microfibre glass Bag filter Low Energy Air Filters with EN13779:2007 performance F7 to F9 Gas filtration also to EN13779:2007 when required. Micro-fibre glass medium performs consistently for up to 2 years. Low operating pressure drop for best energy efficiency. Minimal maintenance and disposal costs Citycarb compact filter Citysorb compact gas filter

16 Particle filtration Gas filtration Without upgrading the main HVAC system Energy efficient Stand alone portable air cleaners provide a practical healthy and economic solution Mix recirculation and supply air Fast response and portable to give Clean Indoor Air Quality 16

17 Air Duct hygiene inspection and cleaning BS EN15780 : 2011 Ventilation for buildings also the new UK TR19 Guide to good practice Internal Cleanliness of Ventilation Systems 17

18 Airtight building testing Airtight building envelope testing is becoming a requirement for many new-build projects Air Tightness for compliance to UK Part L1 and L2 building regulations. Member of ATTMA, the appointed air pressure testing organisation for the BINDT Once the air tightness of a building envelope is known it is possible to assess the required air change rates to give adequate ventilation. Carbon dioxide reduction along with internal sourced gas phase pollutants can be achieved. Ref. BSRIA 18

19 Indoor Air Quality Clearly the elements are available for Clean Indoor Air Quality 1. Effective Low Energy Air Filters in Air Handling Units or stand alone air cleaners tested to EN13779:2007 and tested to EN779: Air Temperature control 3. Humidity level control when needed 4. Ventilation rate sufficient to dilute levels of Carbon Dioxide and replace Oxygen. 5. An Air tight building envelope with tested performance 6. Effective monitoring and planned maintenance that includes AHU and Air Duct Hygiene inspection and cleaning Air System AHU and Duct maintenance is a short payback time measure to achieve clean IAQ.

20 Thank you for your attention Questions? 20