Sustainability Criteria for Biomass Heat UK Perspective Energy in Agriculture 22 August 2017

Transcription

1 Sustainability Criteria for Biomass Heat UK Perspective Kevin Lindegaard Crops for Energy Energy in Agriculture 22 August 2017

2 A bit about me Set up C4E in 2004 Consultancy Project management Joined forces with FEC Energy to set up SFR in 2014 Director of the Wood Heat Association since 2015

3 Background to UK RHI Introduced 2011 So far 15,295 accredited nondomestic biomass installations (3.15 GW installed) 89% of non dom installations (91% installed) 12,671 small biomass 2,573 medium biomass 51 large biomass 9,148 accredited domestic biomass installations 30% domestic installations Renewable Heat Incentive figures Wood Heat Association

4 Jan-13 May-13 Sep-13 Jan-14 May-14 Sep-14 Jan-15 May-15 Sep-15 Jan-16 May-16 Sep-16 Jan-17 May-17 Tariff pence/kwh RHI - Recent developments Tariffs Deployment Small biomass Medium biomass Renewable Heat Incentive figures Wood Heat Association

5 RHI - Recent developments 2013 RHI emissions certificates required 30 g/gj particulates 150 g/gj NOx 2014 Small biomass degressions 2015 Sustainability criteria introduced Biomass Suppliers List - covers just wood fuels 2017 Sustainable Fuel Register launched - covers non-wood fuels

6 Sustainability criteria Sustainability requirements for RHI Land criteria declaration Adhere to rules on current and past land uses from which the biomass was produced GHG emissions 60% saving compared to EU fossil fuel average 34.8g CO 2 equivalent per MJ heat

7 Ways of gaining compliance Source fuel that has been accredited Biomass Suppliers List (BSL) Sustainable Fuel Register (SFR) Self report Use a consultant DIY

8 Biomass Suppliers List Run by Gemserv Accredits the individual or company who registers the fuel Covers wood fuels Virgin wood (inc. Short rotation coppice) Waste wood Covers 4 supplier types Self suppliers Producers Producer traders Traders Fees Annual membership Application Tonnage

9 BSL Pros and cons Pros Established list Simple applications Reasonably priced Cons Establishment phase cost 1 million of public funding IP owned by UK Govt Does not cover fuel quality Complicated fee structure Inflexible Fuels are not traceable Lifecycle greenhouse gas figures are approximations Record keeping can be problematic for end users - only access to BSL number is on the fuel supplier invoice

10 Self-reporting Method typically used by larger operators or RHI projects involving biogas/biomethane Requirements include: Fuel Measurement and Sampling Questionnaire (FMS) to agree on site processes Complete Solid and Gaseous Biomass Carbon Calculator (B2C2) tool every quarter

11 Self reporting Pros and cons Pros Should be more accurate than BSL (if B2C2 completed properly) Allows fuel flexibility Cons Complicated Requires quarterly reporting Higher costs (if using a consultant) Time consuming

12 What is SFR? An approved sustainability reporting scheme: For solid biomass fuels used in RHI projects Industry led and self sustaining Approval covers the fuel, not the company Gained SoS approval 4 th November 2016

13 Why have we built SFR? To level the playing field for non-wood fuels: Have easy route to demonstrate compliance Allow producers and traders to register fuels and take burden off small end users To allow other fuels to be sourced and used

14 SFR pros and cons Pros Set up by industry no public funds Independent of UK Govt Brings wider range (often cheaper) fuels to market Ability to be more flexible More holistic and traceable approach Raises bar of sustainability reporting - more accurate GHG figures Reasonable costs Cons Only covers non-woodfuels (at present. but nothing to stop us covering woodfuels as well) Does not cover fuel quality (at present but this is an aspiration)

15 Types of fuel Conservation Residues Wastes Agricultural residues Energy Crops And many more

16 Forms of fuel Pellets Pucks Bales Chips Briquettes

17 The extent of the UK resource Straw Horse manure/ bedding mix Waste coffee grounds Heathland Wetlands m tonnes 8.75 m tonnes 0.5 m tonnes 3.8 m hectares 1 m hectares

18 Traceability As a fuel is transferred from producer to trader to end user, the SFR number of that fuel changes but retains a link to the previous number Therefore, less chance that a fuel will: Go missing Be falsely accounted for, or An SFR number used illegally Producer Registers fuel and allocates authorised fuel to trader or end user Trader Accepts fuel allocated by producer, adds transport and handling emissions. Allocates fuel to end user End User Accepts fuel allocated by producer or trader. Submits SFR number to Ofgem

19 User benefits End users Keep all fuel records in one place online Self suppliers No need to self report any longer Producers and traders Register multiple fuel lots Combine similar lots into one Allocate sold fuels to end users or other traders or their own RHI accredited boiler Responsible only for their own parts of compliance (e.g. trader would only need to account for transport emissions)

20 Traceability field to furnace Farm 1 registers wheat straw and allocates 20 tonnes Farm 2 registers wheat straw and allocates 50 tonnes Trader 1 combines fuels into one lot of 110 tonnes Farm 3 registers wheat straw and allocates 40 tonnes

21 Traceability field to furnace Trader 1 allocates sold fuels to end users and other trader Trader 2 accepts 60 tonnes of fuel and allocates to own RHI accredited system and end user End user 1 accepts 10 tonnes of fuel and submits SFR number to Ofgem End user 2 accepts 15 tonnes of fuel and submits SFR number to Ofgem Own RHI accredited system - SFR number submitted to Ofgem End user 3 accepts 20 tonnes of fuel and submits SFR number to Ofgem

22 Our first SFR number Producers and traders of pellets and logs made from waste coffee grounds Aim to produce fuel from 1 in every 10 cups of coffee consumed in UK 50,000 tonnes/yr

23 Case studies Straw bale user Cereal grower 500 kw boiler 1,000 tonnes biomass/yr 202 ha GHG 1.6 g CO2 eq/mj Annual SFR fee Miscanthus chip user Poultry farmer 130 kw boiler ~100 tonnes biomass/yr 15 ha GHG 4.4 g CO2 eq/mj Annual SFR fee - 125

24 How to register

25 Land Criteria and GHG emissions Fuel category GHG criteria Fuel chain modules Land criteria Waste Not required Not required Not required Establishment, cultivation and harvesting Products Full lifecycle emissions Collection Drying Processing Required Storage Transport Processing residues Emissions from collection only Collection Drying Processing Storage Transport Required Residues from agriculture, forestry, aquaculture and fisheries Emissions from collection only Collection Drying Processing Storage Transport Required Residues from arboriculture Emissions from collection only Collection Drying Processing Storage Transport Not required

26 The GHG modules Fuel used in baling, gathering, loading etc. Mass & moisture content, type of drying, fuel used Type of processing and fuel used Fuel used Fuel used or distance travelled Mass and moisture content values where known

27 Land criteria evidence To prove material has not been produced from land considered to be a protected source Provide evidence of land use in 2008 BPS forms/maps showing crop codes Aerial photos e.g. Google Earth Crop records Energy Crops Scheme membership Close up of Field in 2007 showing tractor tyre tracks indicating it was in arable rotation.

28 Irish RHI do you need a sustainability compliance scheme? Raises standards Assures that fuel comes from sustainable sources and meets GHG criteria Help avoid controversy such as NI RHI Help satisfy demands of NGOs Help stimulate home grown bioenergy production and use of existing resources Off the shelf product removes need for investment of public sector funds We can help!

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