Building Technical Readiness for Ho Chi Minh City -Experiences of JICA Technical Assistance for Mitigation and Early Lessons -

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1 Building Technical Readiness for Ho Chi Minh City -Experiences of JICA Technical Assistance for Mitigation and Early Lessons - Koji Fukuda Chief Advisor, JICA TA for Capacity Development to Accelerate Low Carbon and Resilient Society Realization in Southeast Asian Region, Thailand (2018~) Former Chief Technical Advisor, JICA TA SPI-NAMA, Viet Nam ( )

2 Project Objective The capacity of the Government of Vietnam to plan and implement Mitigation Actions is enhanced Output 1 Output 2 Enhancing MONRE s Capacity to facilitate develop & implement Mitigation Actions Upstream Mitigation Policy Development to enable NDC Implementation and transparency requirement Enhancing LMs & Local Government s capacity to plan, implement & MRV Mitigation Actions Strengthening institutional capacity to quantify & manage GHG emission and emission reduction at pilot city Baseline Studies Building Policy Framework Trainings & Capacity Building Bridging NDC Implementation Policy & Legal Review on NAMAs Roadmap for GHG Emission Reduction (decree) Needs & Gap Assessment National M, R, V procedure Mitigation Registry & DB MONRE S Training Courses & Materials (technical & HL) Low Carbon Technology Assessment to facilitate Vietnam s NDC Added in 2016 HCMC DONRE/DMHCC Technical Capacity & Pilot Trainings & Capacity Building HCMC Climate Change Bureau City-level GHG Inventory policy analysis for building sector mitigation Line Depts Project-based MRV pilots (Energy, Waste, Transport) A/P development, MRV for targeted sub-sector Holistic Mitigation Training to HCMC Stakeholders Capacity Development to support update of city-level climate change action plans Added in

3 Selection of pilot city why HCMC? Multi-criteria assessment of 5 centrally-run cities e.g. size/scalability, industrial structure, progressiveness of climate planning, institutional maturity, statistics/data availability, synergies with on-going parallel efforts (e.g. city-city collaboration etc) HCMC as the early mover for climate actions with enabling conditions experiences of CCAP development/implementation, institutional framework (CCSC, CCB), leadership, multiple support experiences

4 Functional relationship between central government and pilot city (HCMC) within the Project 2 Strengthening institutional capacity of pilot city (HCMC) to quantify & manage GHG emission and emission reduction through (1) City-level MRV and (2) City-level GHG Inventory Replication to other cities and provinces Central Government National GHG Inventory National MRV System FEEDBACK to Formulation Process of National Policy HCMC City-level GHG Inventory MRV Pilots (Energy, Transport, Waste) Seminar/Tech Training Operational Manuals 1 3 Establishing Robust Technical Basis for implementing specific actions in NDC

5 Piloting City-level MRV Sector Energy Transport Waste Development Projects in HCMC Replacement of Existing Street Lamp with LED Introduction of Solar PV system Introduction of CNG Bus for Public Bus Fleet BRT Line 1 Project Power Generation at Go Cat Landfill Site Animal Manure Collection and Biogas Recovery at Small Farms Implementing entity (Source of Investment) District3 Energy Conservation Center (ECC) Saigon Bus HCMC Urban-Civil Works Construction Investment Management Authority (UCCI) HCMC Urban Environment Company Limited (CITENCO) Livestock Competitiveness and Food Safety Project (LIFSAP) Relevant organization Department of Industry and Trade (DOIT) Department of Science and Technology (DOST) Department of Transport (DOT), Management and Operation Center for Public Transport (MOCPT) - HCMC Department of Natural Resources and Environment (DONRE) HCMC Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (DARD) 1. Selection of EXISTING & planned development or investment projects in HCMC to pilot MRV 2. Measurement of GHG emission reduction amounts 3. Exploring the most suitable MRV modality (incl. roles) according to the nature of the project 4. Compilation into citylevel MRV operational manual 2 5

6 Setting General MRV Modality and Demarcation of Roles MRV Authorization Unit (HCMC People s Committee) Role of organizations - Approve MRV Plans and Monitoring Report MRV Management Unit (DONRE) - Examine and consolidate MRV Plans and Monitoring Report Sectoral Oversight Units (Respective departments and agencies of HCMC) - Examine MRV Plans and Monitoring Report Mitigation Implementing Entities (Various companies and organizations of HCMC) - Identify mitigation actions and develop MRV Plan - Conduct Monitoring - Prepare Monitoring Report 7 6

7 Tailoring MRV Modalities according to the nature of Targeted Sectors/Actions HCMC HCMC Peoples Committee R MONRE R Fig. Example of MRV structure for energy sector DOT R MOCPT M R Data Collection from Saigon Bus DONRE Fig. Example of MRV structure for waste sector Saigon Bus Fig. Example of MRV structure for transport sector 8 7

8 City-level GHG Inventory (1) 2013 HCMC inventory developed on the basis of (1) Global Protocol for Community-scale GHG Inventory (GPC) and (2) CCAP sectors covering stationary energy, transportation, waste, IPPU, AFOLU

9 City-level GHG Inventory (2) Providing scientific evidences for GHG emissions in HCMC Better understanding of relative state of GHG emissions with other cities 1 HCMC accounts for approx. 16% of national GHG emissions while population accounts only for 9% of the national total. 2 Per Capita Emissions of HCMC is close to those of Buenos Aires and Seoul. GHG Emissions in Stationary Energy

10 Effort to Institutionalize Inventory and MRV Processes in HCMC HCMC People s Committee Decision (180/UBND DT ) Approving dissemination of Technical Manuals on GHG inventory and MRV to management departments in HCMC to use as reference; Approving HCMC s 2013 GHG Emission as about 38,5 mil CO2eq; Requesting DONRE/CCB to take lead and collaborate with line departments, district PCs and related agencies to apply these manuals for period and report back to MONRE; HCMC to collaborate with MONRE, JICA and line departments to work on plan for SPI-NAMA in and report to PPC for consideration and decision The PC Decision triggered - Sustained effort of HCMC for quantification of GHGs & emission reductions through MRV Securing own budget for inventory development & MRV studies 10

11 Early Lessons City-level MRV Framework Starting with simple framework (cost & resource implication) Setting the objective of MRV and its scope of mitigation actions clear; Grasping data requirement (flexibility to tailor according to data accessibility & availability); Setting methodological approach, monitoring cycle and schedule; Clear demarcation of tasks for monitoring (alignment with existing system & reporting channel) Follow-up arrangement for continuous systems improvement; Disseminate! City-level GHG Inventory Setting the scope of city-level inventory in line with coverage of city s climate plan & physical boundary Assessing data availability and data holders Setting data collection & sharing scheme (preferably backed up by legal instruction) Selecting methodological approach in accordance with city s context Setting calculation format Systematizing validation of inventory results Just do it (learning by doing process!) Building Confidence for Actions

12 What s Next? At national level, preparation of the legal framework (Government Decree) to implement NDC underway, including provisions for municipalities/cities. Legal Basis/Justification for climate actions by municipalities/cities At city level, preparation for HCMC s 3 rd Climate Change Action Plan (CCAP) , coinciding with the Implementation phase of the Paris Agreement, will start soon. Science-/Evidence-based action plan Front-runner of municipal-level climate actions

13 The Journey Continues