RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

Transcription

1 RENEWABLE SOURCES OF ENERGY Ajay Kumar Jakhar

2 Renewable energy is energy that comes from resources which are continually replenished such as sunlight, wind, rain, tides, waves and geothermal heat.

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4 In contrast to fossil energies such as oil, coal, uranium and natural gas, the use of renewable energies protects the climate and environment, is resource-efficient and safe. Renewable energies ensure greater independence from energy imports, greater security of supply and strengthen the domestic economy. Using renewable energies avoids climate-damaging emissions which cause significant follow-up costs and have serious impacts. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

5 Solar energy is the energy received by the earth from the sun. This energy is in the form of solar radiation.

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10 The electricity generated by solar panels is free of cost. Government offers lots of rebates and incentives to cover the initial cost. The cost of technology is decreasing almost every few months and the efficiency is improving significantly. Solar energy is a renewable and clean source of energy. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

11 The initial cost of installation and equipment is high. Our inability to control or predict how much solar energy arrives on the earth s surface at any place. A large surface is required for collecion of useful amounts of solar energy. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

12 Wind power is the conversion of wind energy into a useful form of energy, such as using wind turbines to make electrical power, windmills for mechanical power, wind pumps for water pumping or drainage, or sails to propel ships.

13 Uses of wind power

14 Uses of wind power

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16 Wind energy is also a source of clean, non-polluting, electricity. Wind plants emit no air pollutants or greenhouse gases. The energy of generate is renewable. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

17 The technology requires a higher investment than fossil-fueled generators. Wind turbines make noise. Birds and bats have been killed by flying into the rotors. Ajay Kumar Jakhar the major challenge to using wind as a source of power is that it is intermittent and doesn t always blow when electricity is needed.

18 Biomass is biological material from living, or recently living organisms, most often referring to plants or plant-derived materials. As a renewable energy source, biomass can either be used directly, or indirectly once or converted into another type of energy product such as biofuel. Biomass can be converted to energy in three ways: thermal conversion, chemical conversion, and biochemical conversion.

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20 Uses of Biomass

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22 Available almost everywhere. Sulfur, nitrogen oxides, and carbon emissions can be significantly reduced by burning biomass. Growing biomass crops produce oxygen and use up carbon dioxide. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

23 More expensive than convention fossil fuels. A less concentrated form of energy, making it less efficient. Releases some emissions, especially if burned improperly. Ajay Kumar Jakhar Research is needed to reduce the costs of Biomass based fuels.

24 Geothermal energy is thermal energy generated and stored in the Earth. Thermal energy is the energy that determines the temperature of matter. The Geothermal energy of the Earth's crust originates from the original formation of the planet (20%) and from radioactive decay of minerals (80%).

25 Uses of geothermal energy Ajay Kumar Jakhar

26 Uses of geothermal energy

27 Geothermal energy involves low running costs. It does not create any pollution. It creates job for the local people. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

28 Requires huge one time investment. Suitable only for regions with hot rocks below the earth. Sites may contain poisonous gases which may pollute the environment. Ajay Kumar Jakhar It cannot be easily transported.

29 Hydropower or water power is power derived from the energy of falling water and running water, which may be harnessed for useful purposes. Since ancient times, hydropower has been used for irrigation and the operation of various mechanical devices, such as watermills, sawmills, textile mills, dock cranes, domestic lifts, power houses and paint making.

30 Uses of Hydro power

31 No fuel used so no pollution. Relatively low operations and maintenance costs. The technology is reliable and proven over the time. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

32 Requires huge one time investment. Suitable only for regions with hot rocks below the earth. Sites may contain poisonous gases which may pollute the environment. Ajay Kumar Jakhar It cannot be easily transported.

33 Tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power - mainly electricity.

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37 Tidal and wave energy is free, renewable, and clean source of energy. Highly efficient resource (compared with coal and oil at 30%, tidal power efficiency is about 80%). Energy capturing and conversion mechanism may help protect the shoreline. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

38 It only produces electricity during tidal surges. Technology isn't fully developed Appropriate waves and tides are highly location dependent Ajay Kumar Jakhar Ecosystem is disrupted during the construction of building the tidal fence. this affects the fishes and also the fishermen who depends their life on it.

39 The renewable energy supports the government's objectives of 'inclusive growth' and is part of solutions to meet nation's energy needs. The sector has grown at an annual rate of 23% to about 25,000 MW in March The renewable power installed capacity forms 6.5% in the total electricity mix and 12.5% of total installed capacity in With 17,352 MW of generation, WIND continues to account for 70% of installed capacity. Ajay Kumar Jakhar

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43 Potential and Achievement as on January 01, 2007 No. Sources / Systems Estimated Potential Cumulative Achievements I. Power From Renewables A. Grid-interactive renewable power 1. Bio Power (Agro residues) 16,8811 MWe MW 2. Wind Power 45,1952 MWe MW 3. Small Hydro Power (up to 25 MW) 15,0003 MWe MW 4. Cogeneration-bagasse 5,0004 MWe MW 5. Waste to Energy 2,7005 MWe MW Sub Total (in MW) (A) 84,7766 MWe MW B. Distributed renewable power 6. Solar Power MW 7 Biomass Power / Cogen.(non-bagasse) MW 8. Biomass Gasifier MW 9. Waste-to- Energy MW Sub Total (B) MW Total ( A + B ) MW

44 Potential and Achievement as on January 01, 2007 II. Remote Village Electrification 2501 villages hamlets III. Decentralised Energy Systems 10. Family Type Biogas Plants 120 lakh lakh 11. Solar Photovoltaic Programme 20 MW/sq.km. i. Solar Street Lighting System nos. ii. Home Lighting System nos. iii. Solar Lantern nos. iv. Solar Power Plants kwp 12. Solar Thermal Programme - i. Solar Water Heating Systems million sq.m. collector area ii. Solar Cookers lakh 13. Wind Pumps nos. 14. Aero-generator /Hybrid Systems kw 15. Solar Photovoltaic Pumps nos. IV. Other Programmes 16. Energy Parks nos. 17. Akshay Urja Shops nos. 18. Battery Operated Vehicle nos.

45 We support RENEWABLE energy..