SEEK COMFORT ACHIEVE PERFORMANCE Z SMITH ESKEW+DUMEZ+RIPPLE

Transcription

1 SEEK COMFORT ACHIEVE PERFORMANCE Z SMITH ESKEW+DUMEZ+RIPPLE

2 BEAUTY COMFORT PERFORMANCE

3 WE MEASURE EVERYTHING

4 WE MUST BE GENIUSES Net EUI: 3kBtu/SF/yr Regional average: 42 kbtu/sq.ft.

5 WE MUST BE IDIOTS ENERGY DATA kbtus/sq.ft ELECTRICITY USED ELECTRICITY PRODUCED GAS Net EUI: 61kBtu/SF/yr Regional average: 42 kbtu/sq.ft.

6 IT MUST BE THE OCCUPANTS

7 PREDICTION VS. PERFORMANCE r 2 = 0.33? Why is the correlation so poor? The suspects: 1. Architect 2. Engineer 3. Energy modeler 4. Contractor 5. Building operations staff 6. Occupants

8 !"!#$%&'(!& )#!*+,-!*&./0&1,-'12& Clark Brockman, SERA

9 !"!#$%&'(!& )#!*+,-!*&./0&1,-'12& Clark Brockman, SERA

10 !"!#$%&'(!& )#!*+,-!*&./0&1,-'12& Clark Brockman, SERA

11 !"!#$%&'(!& )#!*+,-!*&./0&1,-'12& Clark Brockman, SERA

12 !"!#$%&'(!& )#!*+,-!*&./0&1,-'12& Clark Brockman, SERA

13 THE LONG ROAD TO PERFORMANCE #1 Nancy Foster Florida Keys NOAA Eskew+Dumez+Ripple commission controls mfr energy auditor re-commission

14 THE LONG ROAD TO PERFORMANCE #2 kwh 90,000 Apalachicola NERR Monthly Electrical Use: Predicted & Actual Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Center Eskew+Dumez+Ripple 80,000 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 Code Min bldg same size Energy Model of design Actual 2010 Actual 2011 Actual ,000 10,000 0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec

15 THE LONG ROAD TO PERFORMANCE #3 120 Dinwiddie Hall Tulane University Waggonner & Ball % below 42% below Site EUI kbtu/sf/yr 60 18% All Heat 40 Elec Cooling 20 0 Avg U.S. university building (CBECS) Dinwiddie built to current code Dinwiddie model Year 1 Year 2 Year 3

16 VARIATION AMONG BUILDINGS OF ONE TYPE

17 VARIATION WITHIN TYPE MUSEUMS

18 VARIATION DUE TO OPERATION SCHOOLS

19 VARIATION AMONG OCCUPANTS HOUSING 930 Poydras apartments AIA Gulf States Design Award

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21 BENCHMARKING PERFORMANCE 930 Poydras How good is the building? How good are the occupants? 2003 Benchmark: >large multifamily residential in Southeast US

22 BUT THE GOAL IS BEST COMFORT AT LEAST ENERGY NCARB Grant (Tulane + EDR) Field Studies to Inform Design of Healthy, High-Performance Buildings $13,000 equipment (T, RH, fc, db, air velocity) New course at Tulane School of Architecture: Buildings, Climate, Comfort Document & interpret!!! objective comfort subjective comfort energy use

23 BUT THE GOAL IS BEST COMFORT AT LEAST ENERGY 16 student teams per semester Document objective comfort subjective comfort energy use

24 FIELD STUDIES Old and new buildings State of the art buildings and standard / historic construction

25 FIELD STUDIES RESULTS THERMAL COMFORT RICHARDSON MEMORIAL ENERGY USE GLOBAL GREEN HOUSES

26 ANECDOTE & DATA THOUGHTS

27 Surveying actual occupancy of stacks, study areas, and common areas Eskew+Dumez+Ripple staff working with student teams from the Tulane School of Architecture

28 Where people are when: Automated & Manual surveys HTML gets 3000 visitors per day but use varies greatly over time-of-day and location

29 INDIVIDUAL NOTIONS OF COMFORT

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31 UNDERSTANDING THE OCCUPANT

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37 COMFORT? upstairs

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39 COMFORT: THE CANARY IN THE COAL MINE Before: Avg CO 2 levels 1581 ppm High energy use After intervention: Avg CO 2 levels 828 ppm Energy use down

40 COMFORT: THE CANARY IN THE COAL MINE Transfiguration of the Lord Church Repaired after Katrina

41 2+)*3*40)*+,&%()&4#*+)5!"#$%$&'#$"()#*+),+#)&-$"#!"#$%&'())*+,&)"(&-"(./#%)0)1

42 7"85#* '6(*!+, 23/45* '6(*!+,!"##$%& '()*!+, -./%0 '1*!+, -9: ';1*!+,!3"#<:90 ')(*!+, 25$90 '1*!+,!$=0 '>*!+,

43 !#$)%3*. +,-./.412.3' /.412!"#$%&$'()#* +,-./ ' /.410

44 Church Psychrometrics Temperature

45 Collecting Data

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47 !"#$!%&''&(&)**+,)-&../

48 IMPROVING COMFORT LOWER BILLS Electricity use (kwh) Transfiguration of the Lord Church Design / Contractor / Client team 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000

49 EXPERIMENTING ON OURSELVES

50 DISCOMFORT AS DIAGNOSTIC

51 !"#$%&'$()&(*+,&)-+./%0$1. 23'4$%)+&(+)-$+!56+.)/7&3+8+9/:1+;<=; Comfort in the EDR Studio July 2012 ><?+8+>;? 6!" $!" 5!" #!" 4!"!" '() *+,- Comfortable.(-/()+012.((1.(13 &!" %!" $!" #!"!" '() *+,- Comfortable.(-/()+012.((1.(13

52 THE ENEMY

53 COMFORT & CONTROL HELPING PERFORMANCE

54 COMFORT IN A CHALLENGING CLIMATE Miami New Orleans San Antonio Charleston Little Rock Atlanta Raleigh Richmond St. Louis Oklahoma City Nashville Louisville Indianapolis Omaha New York Chicago Pittsburg Detroit Minneapolis Boston Phoenix Colorado Springs Albuquerque Las Vegas VENTILATION LOAD INDEX (ton-hr/yr/cfm)

55 MORE CONTROL BETTER COMFORT LESS ENERGY VENTILATION ACH 4 ACH 12 ACH 12 ACH + max fume hood EUI Ventilation Energy 50 0 All Other Energy NOBIC with Typical Lab Ventilation NOBIC with Targeted Ventilation Giving occupants control over their lab s ventilation rate cut energy use substantially

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57 COMFORT AS DIAGNOSTIC Hot Warm 5% 5% Cold 10% Cool 5% Comfortable 75% For the most part, quite good except for 1 lab

58 LONG TERM RELATIONSHIPS