Allegheny County Health Department

Transcription

1 Allegheny County Health Department Roger Westman,, Ph.D Manager, Air Quality Program April 29, 2005

2 PM 2.5 Nonattainment Areas Western PA LAWRENCE BEAVER BUTLER ARMSTRONG Pittsburgh Beaver Valley Area (regional transport + urban excess) ALLEGHENY WESTMORELAND Liberty Clairton Area WASHINGTON (regional transport + urban excess + localized impact) FAYETTE GREENE

3 Liberty/Clairton PM 2.5 Area Includes: City of Clairton Glassport Borough Liberty Borough Lincoln Borough Port Vue Borough

4 FRM PM 2.5 Trends, Annual Averages Liberty '00-'02 DV = 21.4 Concentration µg/m³ Lawrenceville '00-'02 DV = 16.0 Lawrenceville Liberty Standard Year

5 FRM PM 2.5 Trends, 98-percentile 24-Hour Values Liberty '00-'02 DV = 62.7 Concentration µg/m³ Lawrenceville '00-'02 DV = 39.1 Lawrenceville Liberty Standard Year

6 PM Average Major Chemical Species 6 5 Concentration (µg/m³) Lawrenceville Liberty 1 0 Nitrate Sulfate Ammonium Organic Carbon Elemental Carbon Crustal Component Other Species Timeframe: Oct Jan. 2005

7 Lawrenceville PM Major Species by Time Nitrate Sulfate Ammonium Organic carbon Elemental carbon Crustal component Other Timeframe: Oct Jan /6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/ /6/2004 1/6/2005 Date Concentration (µg/m³)

8 Liberty PM Major Species by Time Timeframe: Oct Jan /6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/ /6/2004 1/6/2005 Date Nitrate Sulfate Ammonium Organic carbon Elemental carbon Crustal component Other Concentration (µg/m³)

9 Lawrenceville & Liberty Hourly Peaks, High Day

10 SIP Submittal Due April 5, 2008 Final SIP Guidance expected Spring 2006 Attainment dates Classifications PM 2.5 precursors NSR RACT RACM RFP

11 Attainment Dates Attainment by April 2010 Based on 3 calendar years of data: Schedule overlaps/inconsistencies? Extensions?

12 Clean Air Interstate Rule (CAIR) Issued by EPA on March 10, 2005 Permanent caps on SO2 and NOx Cap & trade program States are significantly affected by each other Together with Clean Air Mercury Rule, a multipollutant strategy is created

13 CAIR Projections - Percentages Projections are through 2015, starting from 2003 emissions Projected for Eastern U.S: 70% reduction in SO2 60% reduction in NOx Projected for Pennsylvania: 86% reduction in SO2 (835,000 tons) 56% reduction in NOx (97,000 tons)

14 CAIR Projections - Areas March 2005 Ozone and Fine Particle Nonattainment Areas Projected 2015 Ozone and Fine Particle Nonattainment Areas after Reductions from CAIR and Existing Programs Nonattainment areas for 8-hour ozone pollution only Nonattainment areas for fine particle pollution only Nonattainment areas for both 8-hour ozone and fine particle pollution

15 New Source Review EPA interim guidance issued 4/5/05 Use PM 10 as a surrogate for PM 2.5 Same thresholds Assume all PM 2.5 is primary Precursors not addressed

16 Ongoing/Future Liberty Analysis Modeling CALPUFF applied in a near-field, complex terrain scenario Non-steady-state (puff) plumes should better predict in-valley flow than a steady-state model Plume rise algorithms allow for buoyancy Source Testing Emphasis on organic carbons, selected trace elements Source apportionment - what creates the excess? Meteorological Studies How different is an inversion at Liberty compared to Lawrenceville?

17 Emission Inventory - Criteria Pollutants

18 Emission Inventory - VOCs

19 PM 2.5 Estimation Total Number of Emission Points 1% 12% 0% 8% Emissions 13% 18% 49% 2% 2% 1% 4% 65% 5% 0% 16% 4% AP-42/FIRE - Process Specific AP-42 - Generalized Stack Test EPA Guidance Literature Value Assumed = PM10 Assumed 0.1*PM10 Engineering Estimate

20 PM 2.5 Estimation Uncontrolled Number of Emission Points 13% 2% 5% 18% Emissions 3% 0% 0% 1% 2% 0% 0% 0% 17% 62% 77% 0% AP-42/FIRE - Process Specific Stack Test Literature Value Assumed 0.1*PM10 AP-42 - Generalized EPA Guidance Assumed = PM10 Engineering Estimate

21 PM 2.5 Estimation Controlled Number of Emission Points 2% Emissions 4% 23% 26% 18% 41% 0% 14% 15% 3% 2% 0% 17% 22% 0% 13% AP-42/FIRE - Process Specific Stack Test Literature Value Assumed 0.1*PM10 AP-42 - Generalized EPA Guidance Assumed = PM10 Engineering Estimate

22 Monitored OH Transport Varies by Pollutant Transport of Sulfur Dioxide and Ammonium Sulfate, West to East Quaker City, OH Sugarcreek, OH Hookstown, PA Florence, PA S. Fayette, PA McKees Rocks, PA Downtown Pgh., PA Lawrenceville, PA Monitoring Site Conc. (ppm) Conc.( µg/m³) SO2 Ammon. Sulfate

23 Highest Trace Elements Chlorine and Sulfur Avg. Concentration µg/m³ As PM 2.5, chlorine is localized to Liberty, while sulfur is regional Lawrenceville Liberty Chlorine Sulfur Timeframe: Oct Nov. 2004

24 Additional Trace Elements, Local to Liberty Avg Concentration µg/m³ Lawrenceville Liberty Bromine Mercury Selenium Lead Timeframe: Oct Nov. 2004

25 Regional or Urban Trace Elements 0.16 Concentration µg/m³ Lawrenceville has higher concentrations of crustal elements (fine soil), as well as firework ingredients such as potassium Lawrenceville Liberty Aluminum Calcium Iron Magnesium Manganese Phosphorus Potassium Titanium Vanadium Zinc Timeframe: Oct Nov Crustal component is calculated as a weighted sum of the trace Al, Ca, Fe, Si, Ti concentrations

26 Total PM 2.5 by Time Liberty & Lawrenceville LV Grav. Mass Conc. LB Grav. Mass Conc. Timeframe: Oct Nov Concentration µg/m³ 10/6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/2004

27 Organics by Time Timeframe: Oct Nov LV Organic carbon LB Organic carbon Concentration µg/m³ 10/6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/2004

28 Elemental Carbon by Time Timeframe: Oct Nov LV Elemental carbon LB Elemental carbon Concentration µg/m³ 10/6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/2004

29 Ammonium by Time Timeframe: Oct Nov LV Ammonium LB Ammonium Concentration µg/m³ 10/6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/2004

30 Other by Time 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 Timeframe: Oct Nov LV Other LB Other 11/6/ /6/ /6/ /6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 1/6/ /6/ /6/ /6/ 2003 Concentration µg/m³

31 Sulfates by Time Timeframe: Oct Nov LV Sulfate LB Sulfate Concentration µg/m³ 10/6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/2004

32 Nitrates by Time Timeframe: Oct Nov LV Nitrate LB Nitrate Concentration µg/m³ 10/6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/2004

33 Crustal Component (Fine Soil) by Time LV Crustal component LB Crustal component 0 Concentration µg/m³ 10/6/ /6/ /6/2003 1/6/2004 2/6/2004 3/6/2004 4/6/2004 5/6/2004 6/6/2004 7/6/2004 8/6/2004 9/6/ /6/ /6/2004 Timeframe: Oct Nov Crustal component is calculated as a weighted sum of the trace Al, Ca, Fe, Si, Ti concentrations

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