Science 30 Unit D: Energy and the Environment

Transcription

1 Science 30 Unit D: Energy and the Environment

2 Chapter 2 Assignment Summary Science 30 Unit D: Energy And The Environment Chapter 2 Assignment Total Possible Marks 52 For Teacher s Use Only Your Mark Teacher s Comments This document is intended for You may find the following Internet sites useful: Students Teachers Administrators Home Instructors General Public Other Alberta Education, Learning Resources Centre, Tools4Teachers, Exploring the electronic information superhighway can be educational and entertaining. However, be aware that these computer networks are not censored. Students may unintentionally or purposely find articles on the Internet that may be offensive or inappropriate. As well, the sources of information are not always cited and the content may not be accurate. Therefore, students may wish to confirm facts with a second source. Copyright 2007, Alberta Education. This resource is owned by the Crown in Right of Alberta, as represented by the Minister of Education, Alberta Education, Street, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5J 4L5. All rights reserved. This resource was developed by or for Alberta Education. It may be reproduced in any form, including photocopying, without written permission from Alberta Education provided that associated copyright notices are also reproduced. THIS RESOURCE IS NOT SUBJECT TO THE TERMS OF A LICENCE FROM A COLLECTIVE OR LICENSING BODY, SUCH AS ACCESS COPYRIGHT.

3 52 Chapter 2 assignment This Assignment Booklet is worth 52 marks out of the total 32 marks for the assignments in Unit A. The value of each assignment and each question is stated in the left margin. Read all parts of your assignment carefully, and record your answers in the appropriate places. If you have difficulty with an assignment, go back to the textbook and review the appropriate lesson. Be sure to proofread your answers carefully before submitting your Assignment Booklet. Chapter 2 Assignment: Dreams of a Sustainable Future For questions to 3, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST completes the statement or answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given.. In the Process Maps activity on page 523 of the textbook, which process had volatile organic compounds (VOCs) included in its matter output? A. nuclear fission B. combustion of diesel C. combustion of gasoline D. combustion of both diesel and gasoline 2. In the Bay of Fundy, the greatest difference between high tide and low tide is A. less than 8 m B. approximately 0 m C. approximately 2 m D. more than 4 m 3. What is the source of geothermal energy? A. nuclear fussion B. nuclear fission C. radioactive decay D. fossil fuel combustion

4 2 4. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). Place your answer in the blank space given. a. Tidal energy is the gravitational and chemical potential energy of seawater. b. The time between one high tide and the next one equals 2 h. c. Many geothermal power plants produce hydrogen sulfide and carbon-dioxide emissions. d. First Nations people introduced European explorers to the Miette Hot Springs near Jasper. e. In Canada, geothermal energy is used to generate electricity for the power grid. f. The overall ranking of energy sources for sustainability differs from one person to the next because of differing attitudes and values. 5. Match each description with the appropriate term listed. Place your answer in the blank space given. i. sustainable ii. non-sustainable iii. sustainable development iv. societal sustainability v. ecological sustainability vi. economic sustainability a. capable of being maintained at length without interruption, weakening, or a loss of essential characteristics such as matter and energy b. functioning in such a way as to not adversely effect air, water, land, biodiversity of organisms, or natural ecosystems c. incapable of being maintained at length due to an interruption, a weakening, or a loss of essential characteristics such as matter and energy d. the ability of a group to support adequate living standards for its members includes housing, health care, and the respect and maintenance of cultural values e. the ability to provide employment opportunities and have access to goods and services in a manner that does not decrease the availability of natural resources f. the development of industrial and natural resources that meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

5 For each of the listed energy characteristics, select the type of sustainability it relates to. Place your answer in the blank space given. I. ecological sustainability II. societal sustainability III. economic sustainability a. does not contribute to deforestation or habitat destruction b. supports continuous, around-the-clock production c. recycles liquid and/or solid waste products d. has a relatively low cost per megajoule (MJ) e. reduces excessive land use, such as urban sprawl f. maintains the quality of surface water g. enables the export of energy, contributing positively to GDP h. encourages per capita energy consumption to be reduced i. can be used in a variety of locations well suited to industry j. stimulates a healthy economy that enables affordable housing 7. Two next-door neighbours use very different strategies when it comes to landscaping their front yards. One neighbour plants a front lawn of lush green grass that requires regular watering and fertilizer application. The other neighbour uses stone pathways that wind through a variety of drought-resistant wild flowers and shrubs that are native to the area. Explain why the drought-resistant wild flowers and native shrubs contribute more to the sustainability of a yard than does the lush green grass.

6 In the Okotoks Moving Toward Sustainable Development activity on page 526 of the textbook, you were provided with information describing sustainable development in the town of Okotoks. a. List four town initiatives designed to improve its sustainability. b. List four activities where citizens of Okotoks participate that are designed to reduce environmental impact. 9. Describe one of the greatest drawbacks to the extensive use of geothermal energy.

7 5 0. Tides are due to two bulges of water formed on the side away from the Moon and on the side of Earth closest to the Moon. The bulges can be seen in the following diagram. Earth s Rotation Through Tidal Bulge S N Earth Moon Explain how the Moon s gravity field causes a bulge of water to form on the side of Earth closest to the Moon.. Tidal energy is a renewable source of energy that produces no harmful emissions, but it does have drawbacks that keep it from being used more extensively. Give two of these drawbacks. Return to page 0 of the Distributed Learning Student Guide, and begin Lesson 2.2. For questions 2 to 7, read each question carefully. Decide which of the choices BEST completes the statement or answers the question. Place your answer in the blank space given. 2. Which of the following sources of energy relies on a roof overhang above a south-facing window? A. an active solar energy system B. an earth energy system C. a passive solar energy system D. wind power

8 3. Which of the following sources of energy has an antifreeze solution running through pipes within a flat black box on the roof of a building? A. active solar energy systems B. earth energy systems C. geothermal power stations D. passive solar energy systems 4. Which of the following sources of energy includes a heat pump (as in air conditioners and refrigerators) to extract thermal energy? A. a passive solar energy system B. a geothermal power plant C. an earth energy system D. a nuclear power plant 5. In which one of the following energy sources is the production of electricity due to the ejection of electrons by photons striking a light-sensitive material? A. passive solar energy B. photovoltaic cells C. nuclear fission D. earth energy 6. Which of the following energy sources obtains its energy from gravitational potential energy? A. a coal-burning power plant B. a hydroelectric power plant C. a geothermal power plant D. a wind generator 7. The sequence of energy transformations in converting tidal energy to electrical energy is most like the sequence in A. hydroelectric power stations B. coal-burning power stations C. geothermal power stations D. nuclear power stations

9 8. Use the following diagram to answer the question. hub blades main shaft housing tower gear-box transmission brake generator high-speed shaft Which part of the wind turbine assembly is used to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy? A. the gear-box transmission B. the main shaft C. the generator D. the blades 9. Biogas collected from landfill sites consists mainly of A. ethane B. ethanol C. methane D. methanol 20. Decide whether each statement is true (T) or false (F). Place your answer in the blank space given. a. The current obtained from a photoelectric cell is weak. b. Photovoltaic cells produce no emissions during their operation. c. The Canadian province that obtains the greatest proportion of its electricity from hydroelectricity is British Columbia. d. To supply the hydrogen for transportation in the hydrogen economy will require vast amounts of electrical energy.

10 2. Match each description with the appropriate listed term. Place your answer in the blank space given. i. active solar energy heating ii. biofuel iii. biomass iv. carbon economy v. hydrogen economy vi. passive solar energy heating vii. photovoltaic cell viii. solar heat collector a. heating in which thermal energy derived from the Sun s radiant energy is absorbed by massive materials and then transferred naturally to other areas by conduction, convection, and radiation b. heating in which radiant solar energy is converted into thermal energy carried by a fluid pumped through pipes c. a device that converts electromagnetic radiation into electrical energy d. a device that absorbs radiant solar energy and converts that energy into the thermal energy of a circulating fluid e. plant matter or agricultural waste used as a fuel or as an energy source f. a fuel produced from renewable biological resources g. an economy that depends on fossil fuels as the primary source of energy h. an economy that depends on renewable sources of energy to generate electricity 22. Explain why biomass energy use can be considered a carbon-neutral process Explain why the traditional ecological knowledge of First Peoples may be helpful in making sustainable development a reality.

11 Explain why the number of energy changes associated with a hydrogen fuel cell allows the cell to be very energy efficient. 25. Write a short essay to persuade a reader that a community can reduce its reliance on fossil fuels as an energy source. In your response, identify technologies that can be used in ways that demonstrate sustainable development. (Answer lines continue on the next page.)

12 0 Submit your completed to your teacher for assessment. Then return to page 2 of the Distributed Learning Student Guide, and begin the Chapter Summary.