Interlocking Concrete Pavers and Paving Slabs

Transcription

1 Interlocking Concrete Pavers and Paving Slabs ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION VERIFICATION Expocrete, an Oldcastle company is the recognized leading manufacturer and innovator of Hardscapes and Masonry products throughout Western Canada. Our products are the preferred choice among contractors, developers, builders, architects and designers alike and we are proud of our standing as one of the most admired companies in our industry. Expocrete recognizes the role we must play in helping to develop the economic, social and environmental solutions that will meet today's demands while preserving the promise of the future. We are committed to using our resources to develop innovative technologies that drive all aspects of economic and community growth and prosperity. # Highway 60 Acheson, AB T7X5A7 Telephone: (800) For more information on Expocrete, an Oldcastle Company visit our website at: Environmental Product Declaration Program Date of Issue: Month, X, 20XX Operator Period of Validity: X years Declaration#:

2 ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION VERIFICATION EPD Information Program Operator Declaration Holder Product Interlocking Concrete Pavers and Paving Slabs This EPD was independently verified by NSF International in accordance with ISO 14025: Date of Issue October 26, 2015 Expocrete, an Oldcastle Company Period of Validity Five years Declaration Number EPD10068 Internal External Jenny Oorbeck This life cycle assessment was independently verified by in accordance with ISO and the reference PCR: LCA Information Basis LCA LCA Preparer This life cycle assessment was critically reviewed in accordance with ISO by: Jack Geibig Life Cycle Assessment Manager for Segmental Concrete Paving Products EPD September 2015 David Green BASF Corporation Jack Geibig Ecoform PCR Information Program Operator Reference PCR Segmental Concrete Paving Products Date of Issue April 2015 PCR review was conducted by: Nicholas Santero PE International (Thinkstep) ASTM International

3 Environmental Product Declaration for Segmental Concrete Paving Products Declared Unit: 1 m 3 of concrete TOTAL PRIMARY ENERGY CONSUMPTION Nonrenewable fossil, nuclear Renewable (solar, wind, hydroelectric, and geothermal) Renewable (biomass) Expocrete Interlocking Concrete Pavers and Paving Slabs 5,620 MJ 244 MJ 398 MJ TOTAL MATERIAL RESOURCE CONSUMPTION Nonrenewable material resources Renewable material resources Net fresh water Non-hazardous generated Hazardous waste generated 2.29E+03 kg 1.51E+01 kg 1.85E+02 l 1.91E-01 kg 0 kg LIFE CYCLE IMPACT CATEGORY INDICATOR Global warming potential Acidification potential Eutrophication potential Smog creation potential Ozone depletion potential 480 kg CO 2 eq 3 kg SO 2 eq 0.1 kg N eq 57.7 kg O 3 eq 4.43E-08 kg CFC-11 eq characterization factors based on TRACI 2.1

4 ENVIRONMENTAL PRODUCT DECLARATION: DETAILED VERSION Product Description The Expocrete segmental pavers and slabs represented by this cradle-to-gate EPD are produced at the Acheson plant, # Hwy 60 Acheson, Alberta T7X 5A7 under CSA A231.1 and A231.2 specifications for interlocking concrete pavers and segmental concrete paving slabs. Declared Unit Interlocking concrete pavement systems The ASTM PCR for segmental concrete paving products only covers the cradle-to-gate life-cycle stages. Therefore, the declared unit for this EPD is one (1) m 3 of concrete formed into segmental concrete paving products. The EPD may be presented additionally per one (1) yd 3 of concrete. System Boundaries Based on the ASTM PCR, the system boundaries are defined as the modules for raw material supply, transportation of inbound materials and the manufacturing process also known as the Product Stage. The stages include extraction and processing of raw materials (raw material supply), the average or specific transportation of raw materials from extraction site or source to the manufacturing site including empty backhauls (transportation of inbound materials) and the manufacturing of the product including the batching and mixing of the concrete, forming of the units, curing of the units and the applicable post-production finishing of the units which includes the packaging with associated transportation and waste disposal in preparing the product for shipment (manufacturing process).

5 Waste Management Hazardous and non-hazardous waste generated within the system boundaries and transported outside of the plant facility are reported in the EPD per declared unit. Certification Other Standards/Additional Testing Requirements Each product presented in this EPD conforms to the appropriate ASTM and/or CSA specification which provide detailed descriptions and specifications for each of the products. Allocation Rules A production process that generates more than one type of product may require the allocation of environmental flows from the process to the different products to get product-based inventory data. If allocation is necessary, the requirements and guidance of ISO 14044, Section are followed. i. Recycled and recovered materials are considered raw materials. Only the materials, water, energy, emissions and other elemental flows associated with reprocessing, handling, sorting and transportation from the point of the generating industrial process to their use in the production process was considered. ii. Slag, fly ash and silica fume are considered recovered materials, not co-products. iii. Allocation related to the transportation of materials is based on the mass of the transported material or product. iv. Emissions from the downstream recycling or combustion of a product after the end-of-waste state is allocated to the new downstream product(s). Incineration of wastes for energy production at the primary production site are allocated to the building product unless the energy is exported. v. Concrete that is crushed for recycling and used as a substitute for aggregate for the production of manufactured concrete and concrete masonry products is treated as closed-loop recycling. The flows and impacts associated with the recovery and crushing of the recycled concrete is taken into account and allocation is not necessary as the use of secondary material displaces the use of primary materials. vi. A deviation of greater than 20% where different allocation options are relevant requires a sensitivity analysis. The different allocation approaches and data sets are documented within this EPD.

6 Units and Quantities The standard SI unit is used for reporting results. IP units reported are converted using the following conversion factors. Multiply By To convert to Square meter (m 2 ) Square foot (ft 2 ) Kilogram (kg) Pound (lb) Megajoule (MJ) British Thermal Unit (BTU) Degree Celsius ( C) ( C*9/5)+32 Degree Fahrenheit ( F) Cubic meter (m 3 ) Cubic foot (ft 3 ) Meter (m) Foot (ft) Metric tonne (t) Ton Calculation Rules and Data Quality Requirements Calculations All inputs and outputs of a unit process for which data is reasonably available is included in the calculations. Any application of the criteria for the exclusion of inputs and outputs is documented. Data gaps that have been filled with conservative assumptions with average or generic data is documented. The cutoff criteria for the consideration of flows is as follows: Mass a flow less than 1% of the cumulative mass of the model flows may be excluded if its environmental relevance is minor. Energy a flow less than 1% of the cumulative energy of the system model may be excluded if its environmental relevance is minor. Environmental relevance material and energy flows that are known or expected to have potentially relevant emissions to air, water or soil relative to the indicators noted in the PCR are included. At least 95% of the energy usage and mass flow are included. The life cycle impact data includes at least 95% of all elementary flows that contribute to each of the declared category indicators. Data Quality The data used in the generation of this EPD is representative according to the temporal, geographical and technological requirements of the PCR. The information representing the manufacturing process uses annual average values. The average background data is less than ten years for industry average data and five years for producer specific data. The owner of the EPD that is not the owner of all upstream processes contacted their suppliers within the system boundary for upstream data. The best available data from literature was used when upstream data was not provided. The literature based data meets the data quality requirements of the PCR.

7 Product Characteristics This EPD represents the specific environmental impacts associated with the production of segmental concrete paving products including interlocking concrete pavers, segmental concrete paving slabs and concrete grid paving units and complies with ASTM C936/C936M or CSA A231.1, CSA A231.1 and ASTM C1319. Material Content/Base Materials The materials for the production of a m 3 of concrete for segmental concrete paving products are listed here by mass (kg/m 3 ). Ingredient Mass Cement 294 Fly Ash 77 Fine Aggregate 1,728 Course Aggregate 280 Water 15 MasterCast MasterPel Production/Manufacturing The product manufacturing phase includes the extraction and processing of raw materials, the average or specific transportation of raw materials from extraction site or source to the manufacturing site including empty backhauls and the manufacturing of the product including the batching and mixing of the concrete, forming of the units, curing of the units and the applicable post production finishing of the units. A process diagram is shown here.

8 Life Cycle Assessment Stages The life-cycle stages and individual modules included within the LCA system boundaries are shown here. The EPD that are based on this PCR include modules A1-A3. The results of these modules may be reported as one aggregated module A1- A3.

9 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) The data used for the generation of EPD are representative according to temporal, geographical and technological requirements per the PCR. Additional details are provided in the EPD Project Report. Temporal: The information obtained from the manufacturing process is based on annual values generated within the past twelve-month period. Any average background data greater than ten years old is noted in the attached table and accompanied by a statement attesting to the validity of the data. Geographical: The geographic region for the relevant life-cycle stages included in the calculation of representative data is documented in the following table. Technological: All of the data is representative of current technology in use. Parameters to be Declared in the EPD The information declared in this EPD is based on the requirements of the PCR. The results are presented on page 3 of this document and include the declaration of environmental category indicators, the use of resources and the generation of waste. The results presented are based on the specific product description for this EPD. This EPD is based on cradle-to-gate analysis. EPD that are created using different PCR may not be compatible. Additional information and explanatory materials can be requested through. In the event that this EPD represents an average performance for the products depicted, the EPD will represent an average performance.

10 References 1. ASTM International Product Category Rules (PCR) for Segmental Concrete Paving Products (UN CPC 3755), April Saling, P., A. Kicherer, B. Dittrich-Kraemer, R. Wittlinger, W. Zombik, I. Schmidt, W. Schrott, and S. Schmidt Eco-efficiency Analysis by BASF: The Method. Int. J. Life Cycle Assess., 7 (4): Shonnard, D.; Kicherer, A; and Saling, P. Industrial Applications Using BASF Eco- Efficiency Analysis: Perspectives on Green Engineering Principles. Environ. Sci. Technol. 2003, 37, ISO, International Organization for Standardization. Environmental Management- Life Cycle Assessment-Principles and Framework; ISO 14040:2006; ISO 14044:2006. ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, (2006) 5. ISO, International Organization for Standardization. Environmental Management- Eco-efficiency assessment of product systems -- Principles, requirements and guidelines; ISO ISO, Geneva, Switzerland, (2012) 6. Boustead Consulting Ltd UK, The Boustead Model LCA database