Natural Resources. Answer Key. Lesson 1. Before You Read 1. Agree 2. Disagree

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1 Answer Key Natural Resources Lesson 1 1. Agree 2. Disagree 1. fossil fuels, uranium 2. from the remains of prehistoric organisms 3. the type of organic matter, the temperature and pressure, the length of time the organic material was buried 4. Students should circle the layer of coal in the third panel. 5. Coal is formed from the remains of plants in prehistoric swamps; oil and gas are from marine organisms called plankton. 6. layers of impermeable rock 7. Oil is a liquid, and pipelines and tankers are suitable for carrying large amounts of liquids. 8. about 50 years 9. Possible answers: Advantages: easily processed to generate electricity; relatively inexpensive; easily transported. Disadvantages: nonrenewable; mining disrupts the land and wildlife habitats; oil spills, mining runoff, and air pollution can result. 10. Uranium atoms are placed into fuel rods, and neutrons are aimed at the rods and hit the uranium atoms. Each atom splits and releases two to three neutrons and thermal energy. This causes a chain reaction of splitting atoms, releasing more thermal energy. 11. steam 12. a small amount of uranium produces a large amount of energy; does not pollute the environment 13. If not controlled, a chain reaction can release harmful radioactive substances into the environment. 14. oil 15. energy used by appliances and other electronic equipment that is plugged in 24 hours a day Reading Essentials Renewable Energy Resources 1

2 16. Possible answers: by walking or riding my bike to nearby places; by turning off lights when they re not being used; by unplugging appliances when they are not being used After You Read 1. Possible answer: Because mining can be destructive to the environment, reclamation must be required so habitats can be restored. 2. Disadvantages of Fossil Fuels: limited supply; habitat disruption; pollution 3. Possible answer: Nonrenewable resources are used faster than they can be replaced by natural processes. Renewable resources can be replaced by natural processes in a relatively short amount of time. Lesson 2 3. Disagree 4. Agree 1. Wind is a natural process that will continue to occur. 2. It is released into tunnels. As it flows downhill, its kinetic energy turns a turbine connected to a generator. As the generator turns, electricity is produced. 3. coastal areas that have great differences between high and low tides 4. Steam turns a turbine connected to an electric generator. 5. wood 6. the Sun, wind, moving water, heat from inside Earth, organic materials called biomass 7. Advantages: plentiful, can be replaced, produce less pollution than fossil fuels; Disadvantages: some are costly or unavailable in certain areas, some have negative impacts on the environment. 8. Advantages: reduces organic material in landfills, available in United States; Disadvantages: air pollution, less energy efficient than fossil fuels, costly to transport 9. 5 percent 10. Possible answer: I can educate others about renewable energy resources and buy products that are made using renewable energy resources. Reading Essentials Renewable Energy Resources 2

3 After You Read 1. Possible answer: One disadvantage of producing electricity through solar energy is that less energy is collected from solar panels on cloudy days. 2. Lesson 3 5. Disagree 6. Agree 1. because it is something from Earth that is used to meet the needs of living things 2. forest 3. Possible answers: fluorite, titanium, cobalt 4. Answers may include any two products made from nonmetallic mineral resources such as sand, gravel, gypsum, halite, sulfur, and fluorite. 5. soil erosion, loss of animal habitats, change in global climate 6. Advantages: Some are renewable, widely available, easy to access; Disadvantages: Some are nonrenewable, can cause deforestation, pollution, soil erosion, habitat loss, changes in global climate 7. Possible answers: recycle products made from land resources; use compost instead of chemical fertilizers on gardens; help establish a community garden Reading Essentials Renewable Energy Resources 3

4 After You Read 1. Possible answer: Many products we use in our homes every day are made from ores. 2. Deforestation: soil erosion, loss of animal habitats, increased surface temperatures 3. Students should define a word or phrase they were better able to understand after discussing it with another person. Lesson 4 7. Agree 8. Disagree 1. protects body tissues, helps maintain body temperature,plays a role in many chemical reactions, is the main component of blood 2. volcanic eruptions, forest fires 3. vehicles, industries, homes percent 5. Water used to irrigate fields can mix with fertilizers, and this polluted water can run off into rivers and groundwater. 6. because most living things need clean air and water to survive 7. Sulfur compounds in the atmosphere decreased between 1980 and Possible answers: reducing the use of fossil fuels; cleaning air-conditioning and furnace filters; using energy-saving lightbulbs; conserving water; properly disposing of harmful chemicals; volunteering to clean up litter from a local stream After You Read 1. Possible answer: Photochemical smog can irritate the respiratory system and increase asthma attacks. Reading Essentials Renewable Energy Resources 4

5 2. drinking water recreation farming Water Uses transportation electricity production industry 3. Possible answer: Acid precipitation that falls into lakes can harm fish and other organisms. It can pollute soil and kill trees and plants. It also can damage buildings and statues. Reading Essentials Renewable Energy Resources 5