Determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Fish

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "Determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Fish"

Transcription

1 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Determination of Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs) in Fish Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie e Sanità Pubblica (DIVET) Prof. L.Chiesa, Dr. S. Panseri -Prague, April 27, 2015

2 Food Safety Food safety is an assurance that a food will not cause harm to the consumer at the time of preparation and / or consumption (Raspor, 2007) Food security is affected by contamination by: PHYSICAL agents (metals, glass...) CHEMICAL agents (toxins, residues) Microbiological agents (bacteria)

3 Food Safety Food safety is a shared responsibility from farm to table "FROM FARM TO FORK" (WHO) QUALITY 'AND SAFETY IN THE SUPPLY CHAIN OPERATIVE PROCEDURES MONITORING SYSTEMS

4 Food Safety SOURCES OF POLLUTION ALONG THE SUPPLY CHAIN AIR WATER ENVIRONMENT FOOD

5 Food Safety REFERENCE STANDARDS (MRLs) -Residues pesticides- When placed in circulation in the EU products intended not contain pesticide residues exceeding the maximum residue limits (MRLs) The values of MRLs are set and evaluated for each substance at the time of their authorization (CE) N. 1259/2011 (CE) n. 396/2005 (CE) n. 2002/32 Food Feed

6 Pesticides Bioaccumulation and biomagnification of POPs BIOACCUMULATION: The lipophilic active substances tend to accumulate in the adipocytes; this mechanism is to be considered a defense mechanism of the organism BIOMAGNIFICATION: The process by which the concentration of the pesticide in the food chain increases to climb along the food pyramid Common mechanisms POPs (peristent organic pollutants)

7 OCPs pesticides, PCBs POPs (persistent organic pollutants) Low volatility Persistent in the environment High stability Lipophilic behavior Concentration in fatty foods Chung et al., 2011 Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in fatty foods: A critical review on the analytical methods and their testing capabilities, J.Chromatography A, 1218(33),

8 Organochlorine pesticides(oc) and Polychlorinated Byphenyls (PCBs) OC Pesticides are a category of substances used particularly in the 50s and 60s Chlorinated molecules are extremely stable environmentally They are characterized by the phenomenon of bioaccumulation They are divided, according to the chemical structure into 3 classes?? Research and monitoring today

9 Chemical Structures Organochlorine pesticides (OCs) DDT DDD DDE METOXYCHLOR H 3 CO OCH 3

10 ALDRIN DIELDRIN ENDOSULFAN I O O S O ENDOSULFAN II ENDOSULFAN SOLF. α-clordane γ-clordane ENDRIN O EPTACHLOR EPTACHLOR EP. H H O O S O O O H H H H H H O O S O O Organochlorine pesticides(oc) Chemical Structures

11 Organochlorine pesticides (OC) Chemical Structures α-bhc β-bhc δ-bhc γ-bhc EXACHLOROBENZENE

12 Aim of the Research PHASE I: creation of extraction and purification method "in line" to extract POPs from fish tissue (OCs and PCB ICES-6) in a single analitycal step PHASE II: application of the optimised method to evaluate the POPs content in different fish species Thunnus thynnus, Pagellus bogaraveo, and Dentex dentex MEDITERRANEAN SEA Consumer s food safety

13 Sample collection Sample Storage Sample Preparation Analytes determination Eighty percent of the variance in an assay usually arises from the sample preparation (Stevenson R., Pittcon 98: Part 3 Sample Prep.: The place to make the difference, American Laboratory, Vol. 30, No. 14 p.21, 1998).

14 MATERIALS AND METHODS EXTRACTION THECNIQUES Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE) extraction and clean-up in cell in a single step IDEAL FOR COMPLEX MATRIX (LIPID CONTENT) QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe)

15 MATERIALS AND METHODS GC-MS/MS (TRIPLE QUADRUPOLE QqQ) The analyzes were carried out through the use of the gas chromatograph coupled with triple quadrupole detector (Thermo Scientific TSQ 8000 GC- MS system) GC Parameters : Carrier gas: He 1mL/min Injector T ( C): 280 PTV Transfer line T ( C): 270 Injecti on: 1μL Splitless Oven: 120 C x 3min, 120 to 300 2,5 C/min, hold 300 C 5 min Column: Rtx-5ms (30m, 0.25mm i.d., 0.25µm film tickness) MS Parameters: Temp. Ion source ( C): 250 Energy I.E. (ev): 70 SRM mode

16 ASE PARAMETERS Accelerated Solvent Extraction - Conditions Extraction Solvent: n-hexane : acetone (80:20, v/v) Pressure: 1500 psi Temperature: 120 C Static Time:5 min Static Cycles: 2 Flush:60% Purge:90s Cell Size:33 ml 3 g fish tissue and diatomeaceous heart 5 g fat retainer silica gel

17 TIC of pesticides in fortified fish tissue extract (10 ppb) Relative Abundance Time (min) NL: 8.88E5 TIC MS 72456

18 Results and discussion Fish tissue LoD: 3*sb/m Compounds α-bhc LoD (mg/kg) LoQ (mg/kg) Esacloroben LoD:10*sb/m β-bhc γ-bhc δ-bhc Recovery (%) Eptachlor Aldrin Eptachlor ep >80% fo all compounds γ-ordan Endosulfan I α-ordan Dieldin p-p' DDE CV (%) Endrin Endosulfan II p-p' DDD Endrin ald Endosul. Solf p-p' DDT Metoxychlor

19 Results and discussion PCB ICES in fish samples

20 Results and discussion Ocs pesticides in fish samples

21 Results and discussion PCBs The concentration of all the PCBs (i.e. PCB 18, 28, 31, 44, 52, 101, 118, 138,149,180,194) were higher in samples obtained from Pagellus bogaraveo, whereas PCB 31, 52, 101, 118, 138, 180, 194 reached the minimum mean concentration in Dentex dentex, and PCB 18, 28, 44, 149 were present at lower levels in samples obtained from Thunnus thynnus. Pesticides Fish tissue analysis revealed maximum concentration of sum endosulfan (27.5), sum heptachlor (14.2), endrin aldehyde (70.25) in Thunnus thynnus, whereas sum DDT (254), sum HCH (7.56), aldrin (95.55), and endrin (3.55) were maximum in Pagellus bogaraveo and Dentex dentex respectively. SMALL FISH SHOWED HIGHER CONCENTRATION OF POPS BENTHOPELAGIC SPECIES

22 Results and discussion In particular, benthopelagic fishes belonging to Fam. Sparidae (i.e. Dentex dentex and Pagellus bogaraveo) and inhabit the water just above the bottom, and pelagic fishes belonging to Fam. Scombridae (i.e. Thunnus thynnus) which live and feed away from the bottom in the open water column, represent a useful indicator of pollution of the environment in which they reside, since they could be subjected to possible contaminated sources for their location and hydrological characteristics.

23 Conclusions Methods of extraction was effective in the determination of POPs in complex matrices (high-interference lipid matrix) in a single step (useful in routine laboratory analisys) muscle fish tissue is confirmed as an organ of bioaccumulation and biomagnification for OCs pesticides, PCBs and potentially for other POPs Fundamental work of monitoring of contaminants along supply chains (ensure the food safety for consumer)

24 THANK For the attention

Application Note: Multi-Residue Pesticides in Fruit and Vegetables (9/16/08)

Application Note: Multi-Residue Pesticides in Fruit and Vegetables (9/16/08) Application Note: Multi-Residue Pesticides in Fruit and Vegetables (9/16/08) Product: DPX-Q (5 ml) INTRODUCTION The analysis of pesticides in fruit and vegetables is very important in the field of food

More information

Extraction of POPs from Environmental Samples using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE )

Extraction of POPs from Environmental Samples using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE ) Extraction of POPs from Environmental Samples using Accelerated Solvent Extraction (ASE ) Frank Höfler* and Khalil Divan** *Dionex (Europe) Management AG Solothurner Strasse 259 4600 Olten Switzerland

More information

Accurately Identify and Quantify One Hundred Pesticides in a Single GC Run

Accurately Identify and Quantify One Hundred Pesticides in a Single GC Run Accurately Identify and Quantify One Hundred Pesticides in a Single GC Run Application Note Author Jessica Westland Agilent Technologies, Inc. Abstract A selected target compound list of 195 various pesticides

More information

Analysis of 16 Pesticide Residues in Broccoli Using CarbonX dspe QuEChERS AOAC Kits Using GC/MS

Analysis of 16 Pesticide Residues in Broccoli Using CarbonX dspe QuEChERS AOAC Kits Using GC/MS Analysis of 16 Pesticide Residues in Broccoli Using CarbonX dspe QuEChERS AOAC Kits Using GC/MS Authors: Conor Smith, Doug Fryer United Science Corp. 15911 Furuby Rd. Center City, MN 55012 USA Abstract

More information

PROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAM. June 2013

PROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAM. June 2013 Report No. 810 SOILS (CHEMICAL) (ROUND 7) PROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAM June 2013 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PTA wishes to gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance provided for this program by Mr C Wood from

More information

PROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAM. June 2014

PROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAM. June 2014 Report No. 859 SOILS (CHEMICAL) ROUND 9 PROFICIENCY TESTING PROGRAM June 2014 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS PTA wishes to gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance provided for this program by Mr M Blades from

More information

Tyler Trent, Applications Sales Specialist; Teledyne Tekmar Page 1

Tyler Trent, Applications Sales Specialist; Teledyne Tekmar Page 1 Application Note Method Validation of the AutoMate-Q40 for Pesticide Residues in Grapes Tyler Trent, Applications Sales Specialist; Teledyne Tekmar Page 1 Abstract The QuEChERS (Quick-Easy-Cheap-Effective-Rugged-Safe)

More information

Optimization of Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons Analysis by Automated Headspace Using Method Development Tools

Optimization of Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons Analysis by Automated Headspace Using Method Development Tools Optimization of Volatile Petroleum Hydrocarbons Analysis by Automated Headspace Using Method Development Tools Application Note Abstract The Commonwealth of Massachusetts Department of Environmental Protection

More information

Co-ordination of an organochlorine pesticides in drinking water proficiency testing scheme in South(ern) Africa

Co-ordination of an organochlorine pesticides in drinking water proficiency testing scheme in South(ern) Africa Co-ordination of an organochlorine pesticides in drinking water proficiency testing scheme in South(ern) Africa D Prevoo-Franzsen 8 th Eurachem PT workshop, Berlin, Germany 09 Oct 2014 NMISA Our mandate:

More information

MUSSELS (MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS) AS BIOINDICATORS OF SEAWATER CONTAMINATION

MUSSELS (MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS) AS BIOINDICATORS OF SEAWATER CONTAMINATION MUSSELS (MYTILUS GALLOPROVINCIALIS) AS BIOINDICATORS OF SEAWATER CONTAMINATION S. Jovetic 1, M. Vojinovic-Miloradov 1, J. Adamov 1, D. Buzarov 1, P. Jurlina 2 1 University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Sciences,

More information

Implement High Quality, Routine GC-MS/MS Multi-Residue Pesticides Analysis with Ease Paul Silcock & Jason Cole

Implement High Quality, Routine GC-MS/MS Multi-Residue Pesticides Analysis with Ease Paul Silcock & Jason Cole Implement High Quality, Routine GC-MS/MS Multi-Residue Pesticides Analysis with Ease Paul Silcock & Jason Cole 1 The world leader in serving science Some discussion points for today.. Trend towards GC

More information

MS Certified Vials. Pre-cleaned and certified vials for mass spectrometry

MS Certified Vials. Pre-cleaned and certified vials for mass spectrometry Pre-cleaned and certified vials for mass spectrometry The FIRST and ONLY pre-cleaned, low particle, low background chromatography vial When your instrumentation, sample handling and methodology is pushing

More information

PCA statistical method for interpretation of levels and distribution of PCB, DDT and HCH in fish and marine food samples from Adriatik Sea

PCA statistical method for interpretation of levels and distribution of PCB, DDT and HCH in fish and marine food samples from Adriatik Sea PCA statistical method for interpretation of levels and distribution of PCB, DDT and HCH in fish and marine food samples from Adriatik Sea Aurel Nuro, Pranvera Lazo, Koste Koci, Elda Marku Tirana University,

More information

Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Rubble and Soils by Accelerated Solvent Extraction and GC-FID

Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Rubble and Soils by Accelerated Solvent Extraction and GC-FID CONSULENZE AMBIENTALI SPA Determination of Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Rubble and Soils by Accelerated Solvent Extraction and GC-FID Fabrizio Galbiati, 1 Luca Teli 2 1 Thermo Fisher Scientific (Schweiz)

More information

Electron Capture Detector for GC-2010 Plus

Electron Capture Detector for GC-2010 Plus Electron Capture Detector for GC-2010 Plus C180-E080 The World's Highest Level of Durability and Performance for a Capillary ECD Electron Capture Detector Novel Contact Free Technology was incorporated

More information

CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY

CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY DETERMINATION OF 1,4-DIOXANE IN DRINKING WATER BY SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION (SPE) AND GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC/MS) WITH SELECTED ION MONITORING (SIM)* EPA Method 522 Part Number: EU52112M6

More information

Certified Reference Material - Certificate of Analysis

Certified Reference Material - Certificate of Analysis Certified Reference Material - Certificate of Analysis S(-)-Nicotine, Primary Standard N-008 Page 1 of 7 Catalog Number: N-008 H Lot: Expiration: October 2019 N Description: S(-)-Nicotine in Methanol.

More information

Substrate Selective Amide Coupling driven by Encapsulation of a Coupling Agent within a Self-Assembled Hexameric Capsule

Substrate Selective Amide Coupling driven by Encapsulation of a Coupling Agent within a Self-Assembled Hexameric Capsule Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for ChemComm. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 14 Substrate Selective Amide Coupling driven by Encapsulation of a Coupling Agent within a Self-Assembled

More information

Protocol for Quantitative Determination of Residual Solvents in Cannabis Concentrates Prepared by: Amanda Rigdon, May 23 rd, 2016

Protocol for Quantitative Determination of Residual Solvents in Cannabis Concentrates Prepared by: Amanda Rigdon, May 23 rd, 2016 Protocol for Quantitative Determination of Residual Solvents in Cannabis Concentrates Prepared by: Amanda Rigdon, May 23 rd, 2016 1.0 Method background: This method employs full evaporation technique headspace

More information

Extraction and Analysis of Neonicotinoid Pesticides using QuEChERS Approach

Extraction and Analysis of Neonicotinoid Pesticides using QuEChERS Approach Extraction and Analysis of Neonicotinoid Pesticides using QuEChERS Approach Katherine K. Stenerson 1, Olga Shimelis 1, and Christine Dumas 2 1 Supelco, Div. of Sigma-Aldrich Bellefonte, PA 16823 USA 2

More information

Olga Shimelis, Katherine Stenerson, Michael Ye, Carmen T. Santasania, and Ed Mauney. Supelco, Div. of Sigma-Aldrich, Bellefonte, PA USA

Olga Shimelis, Katherine Stenerson, Michael Ye, Carmen T. Santasania, and Ed Mauney. Supelco, Div. of Sigma-Aldrich, Bellefonte, PA USA Method for Analysis of rganophosphorous Pesticides in Produce using Acetonitrile Extraction, Dual-Layer Carbon-Aminopropylsilica Cleanup and GC-NPD Detection lga Shimelis, Katherine Stenerson, Michael

More information

UAU102F University of Iceland

UAU102F University of Iceland Throstur Thorsteinsson ThrosturTh@hi.is Atrazine Herbicide, lead to widespread contamination in drinking water and is associated with birth defects and menstrual problems when consumed by humans at concentrations

More information

Analysis of Glyphosate and AMPA in Environmental Water Samples by Ion Chromatography and On-Line Mass Spectrometry with Minimal Sample Preparation

Analysis of Glyphosate and AMPA in Environmental Water Samples by Ion Chromatography and On-Line Mass Spectrometry with Minimal Sample Preparation Analysis of Glyphosate and AMPA in Environmental Water Samples by Ion Chromatography and On-Line Mass Spectrometry with Minimal Sample Preparation Cees Bruggink, Frans Schoutsen Thermo Fisher Scientific,

More information

CONTENTS Alternate Retention Time Window Determination

CONTENTS Alternate Retention Time Window Determination PAGE: 1 of 40 CONTENTS 1.0 SCOPE AND APPLICATION* 2.0 METHOD SUMMARY 3.0 SAMPLE PRESERVATION, CONTAINERS, HANDLING, AND STORAGE 3.1 Sample Storage 3.2 Holding Time 4.0 INTERFERENCES AND POTENTIAL PROBLEMS

More information

EU Document on Analytical Quality Control and Method Validation Procedures for Pesticide Residues Analysis in Food and Feed An update

EU Document on Analytical Quality Control and Method Validation Procedures for Pesticide Residues Analysis in Food and Feed An update EU Document on Analytical Quality Control and Method Validation Procedures for Pesticide Residues Analysis in Food and Feed An update Antonio Valverde Pesticide Residues Research Group University of Almería,

More information

Lower Mystic Fish Advisory Project Presentation to the Mystic River Watershed Initiative Science Forum May 5 th, 2017 Patrick Herron Rafael Mares

Lower Mystic Fish Advisory Project Presentation to the Mystic River Watershed Initiative Science Forum May 5 th, 2017 Patrick Herron Rafael Mares Lower Mystic Fish Advisory Project Presentation to the Mystic River Watershed Initiative Science Forum May 5 th, 2017 Patrick Herron Rafael Mares The Problem A fish advisory exists for the freshwater upper

More information

SCION GC Series. The Gas Chromatographers Choice for Separations

SCION GC Series. The Gas Chromatographers Choice for Separations SCION GC Series The Gas Chromatographers Choice for Separations Innovation in Gas Chromatography Bruker s Scion Instrument s long tradition long of tradition innovation of innovation and product and reliability

More information

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2012, 4(8): Research Article

Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2012, 4(8): Research Article Available online www.jocpr.com Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2012, 4(8):3934-3938 Research Article ISSN : 0975-7384 CODEN(USA) : JCPRC5 To studies organochlorine insecticides in different

More information

A selection of requirements in legislation regarding POPs, including limit values

A selection of requirements in legislation regarding POPs, including limit values 1 A selection of requirements in legislation regarding POPs, including limit values Submitted by the German Delegation The following table is a compilation of limit values from different legislation in

More information

Heinz Rüdel, Jens Nowak, Josef Müller Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME) - Schmallenberg

Heinz Rüdel, Jens Nowak, Josef Müller Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology (IME) - Schmallenberg HBCD diastereomer levels in fish and suspended particulate matter from European freshwater and estuary sites - environmental quality standard compliance and trend monitoring Heinz Rüdel, Jens Nowak, Josef

More information

Validation Report 19

Validation Report 19 EURL for Cereals and Feeding stuff National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Validation Report 19 Determination of pesticide residues in oat, rye and wheat by GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS (QuEChERS

More information

Formulas: See Table 1 MW: Table 1 CAS: Table 1 RTECS: Table 1. METHOD: 2555, Issue 1 EVALUATION: PARTIAL Issue 1: 15 March 2003

Formulas: See Table 1 MW: Table 1 CAS: Table 1 RTECS: Table 1. METHOD: 2555, Issue 1 EVALUATION: PARTIAL Issue 1: 15 March 2003 KETONES I 2555 Formulas: See Table 1 MW: Table 1 CAS: Table 1 RTECS: Table 1 METHOD: 2555, Issue 1 EVALUATION: PARTIAL Issue 1: 15 March 2003 OSHA : See Table 2 NIOSH: See Table 2 ACGIH: See Table 2 PROPERTIES:

More information

Thermo Scientific TSQ Quantum Access MAX

Thermo Scientific TSQ Quantum Access MAX www.ietltd.com Proudly serving laboratories worldwide since 1979 CALL +847.913.0777 for Refurbished & Certified Lab Equipment Thermo Scientific TSQ Quantum Access MAX UNSURPASSED PRICE TO PERFORMANCE Superior

More information

Analysis of USP <467> Residual Solvents using the Agilent 7697A Headspace Sampler with the Agilent 7890B Gas Chromatograph

Analysis of USP <467> Residual Solvents using the Agilent 7697A Headspace Sampler with the Agilent 7890B Gas Chromatograph Analysis of USP Residual Solvents using the Agilent 797A Headspace Sampler with the Agilent 79B Gas Chromatograph Application Note Pharmaceuticals Authors Bart Tienpont, Frank David, and Pat Sandra

More information

Gas Chromatography Assignment Chem 543/443

Gas Chromatography Assignment Chem 543/443 Gas Chromatography Assignment Chem 543/443 1. Introduction Capillary gas chromatography (GC) is one of the most popular analytical techniques used in today s research. Its popularity is mainly due to efficient

More information

HYDROGEN AS A CARRIER GAS. Gas Chromatography new frontiers: can Hydrogen substitute Helium?

HYDROGEN AS A CARRIER GAS. Gas Chromatography new frontiers: can Hydrogen substitute Helium? HYDROGEN AS A CARRIER GAS Gas Chromatography new frontiers: can Hydrogen substitute Helium? Manufacturing UHP gas generators for lab analysis since 1979, CLAIND is seating in Lenno, on Como Lake, where

More information

Name of Process: Vendor: Applicable Pesticides and related POPs wastes: Technology description:

Name of Process: Vendor: Applicable Pesticides and related POPs wastes: Technology description: Name of Process: Vacuum Heating Decomposition Vendor: Hoei-Shokai Co.Ltd Web site: http:// www.hoei-shokai.co.jp Applicable Pesticides and related POPs wastes: Applicable chemicals: DXNs, PCBs, BHC, Chlordane,

More information

Determination of Monocrotophos, Diazinon, Malathion, EPN, and Methamidaphos from Aqueous Samples Using Atlantic HLB SPE Disks

Determination of Monocrotophos, Diazinon, Malathion, EPN, and Methamidaphos from Aqueous Samples Using Atlantic HLB SPE Disks Determination of Monocrotophos, Diazinon, Malathion, EPN, and Methamidaphos from Aqueous Samples Using Jim Fenster, Julie McGettrick, Horizon Technology, Inc., Salem, NH Introduction Monocrotophos, Diazinon,

More information

Using the Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector (PFPD) for Low-level Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticides

Using the Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector (PFPD) for Low-level Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticides Application Note 25390206 Using the Pulsed Flame Photometric Detector (PFPD) for Low-level Analysis of Organophosphorus Pesticides Keywords Model 5380 Organophosphorus Pesticide PFPD PFPDView Phosphorus

More information

Application Note. Author. Abstract. Environmental. Edgar Naegele Agilent Technologies, Inc. Waldbronn, Germany

Application Note. Author. Abstract. Environmental. Edgar Naegele Agilent Technologies, Inc. Waldbronn, Germany Quantification of trace-level herbicides in drinking water by online enrichment with the Agilent Infinity Series Online-SPE Solution and Triple Quadrupole MS Detection Application Note Environmental Author

More information

International Conventions. Regional Training in Hazardous Waste September 30 October 2, 2014 San José, Costa Rica

International Conventions. Regional Training in Hazardous Waste September 30 October 2, 2014 San José, Costa Rica International Conventions Regional Training in Hazardous Waste September 30 October 2, 2014 San José, Costa Rica Conventions on Waste In recent years, trade in chemicals and waste has been growing exponentially.

More information

Dr Dimitra VOUTSA, Assistant Professor

Dr Dimitra VOUTSA, Assistant Professor Dr Dimitra VOUTSA, Assistant Professor Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece Pollution The introduction by

More information

The Importance of High Speed Data Acquisition in the Design and Implementation of GC/MS Applications

The Importance of High Speed Data Acquisition in the Design and Implementation of GC/MS Applications TECHNICAL BRIEF Gas Chromatography/ Mass Spectrometry The Importance of High Speed Data Acquisition in the Design and Implementation of GC/MS Applications C 14 scans Introduction As gas chromatography

More information

State of the art in chromatographic analysis (LC MS/MS) of steroidal estrogens in surface water Status and Outlook

State of the art in chromatographic analysis (LC MS/MS) of steroidal estrogens in surface water Status and Outlook Schweizerisches Zentrum für angewandte Ökotoxikologie Centre Suisse d écotoxicologie appliquée Eawag-EPFL State of the art in chromatographic analysis (LC MS/MS) of steroidal estrogens in surface water

More information

CLEAN WATER Clean Water PT Scheme Schedule Clean Water PT Scheme Schedule. Schedule subject to change see ERA s website at

CLEAN WATER Clean Water PT Scheme Schedule Clean Water PT Scheme Schedule. Schedule subject to change see ERA s website at For International purchase only: Synthetic drinking water matrices with low concentrations of analytes for testing water supply, drinking water, or ground water. Standards are designed to meet the requirements

More information

Thermo Scientific Mass Spectrometric Immunoassay (MSIA) Pipette Tips. Next generation immunoaffinity. Robust quantitative platform

Thermo Scientific Mass Spectrometric Immunoassay (MSIA) Pipette Tips. Next generation immunoaffinity. Robust quantitative platform Thermo Scientific Mass Spectrometric Immunoassay (MSIA) Pipette Tips Next generation immunoaffinity Robust quantitative platform Immunoaffinity sample preparation Thermo Scientific Mass Spectrometric Immunoassay

More information

HYDROCARBONS, BP C 1500

HYDROCARBONS, BP C 1500 HYDROCARBONS, BP 36 216 C 1500 FORMULA: Table 1 MW: Table 1 CAS: Table 1 RTECS: Table 1 METHOD: 1500, Issue 3 EVALUATION: PARTIAL Issue 1: 15 August 1990 Issue 3: 15 March 2003 OSHA : Table 2 NIOSH: Table

More information

JFS: Food Chemistry and Toxicology. Concise Reviews in Food Science. Food Chemistry and Toxicology. Food Engineering and Physical Properties

JFS: Food Chemistry and Toxicology. Concise Reviews in Food Science. Food Chemistry and Toxicology. Food Engineering and Physical Properties JFS: Organochlorines, Organophosphates, and Pyrethroids in Channel Catfish, Rainbow Trout, and Red Swamp Crayfish from Aquaculture Facilities C.R. SANTERRE, R. INGRAM, G.W. LEWIS, J.T. DAVIS, L.G. LANE,

More information

Agilent MetaCarb Ca PLUS Carbohydrate Column Ca ++ Form User Manual Part No. A5205

Agilent MetaCarb Ca PLUS Carbohydrate Column Ca ++ Form User Manual Part No. A5205 Agilent MetaCarb Ca PLUS Carbohydrate Column Ca ++ Form User Manual Part No. A5205 WARNING: The Agilent MetaCarb Ca PLUS calcium column is packed with a polymeric material that requires special care. Introduction

More information

Improving Resolution and Column Loading Systematically in Preparative Liquid Chromatography for Isolating a Minor Component from Peppermint Extract

Improving Resolution and Column Loading Systematically in Preparative Liquid Chromatography for Isolating a Minor Component from Peppermint Extract Improving Resolution and Column Loading Systematically in Preparative Liquid Chromatography for Isolating a Minor Component from Peppermint Extract Jo-Ann M. Jablonski and Rui Chen Waters Corporation,

More information

- DisQuE Dispersive Sample Preparation

- DisQuE Dispersive Sample Preparation QuEChERS Procedure for Multi-Residue Pesticide Analysis - DisQuE Dispersive Sample Preparation INT RODUCTION The term pesticides is commonly used to describe a very broad class of crop-protecting chemicals,

More information

Capillary GC Troubleshooting: a Practical Approach

Capillary GC Troubleshooting: a Practical Approach Capillary GC Troubleshooting: a Practical Approach Katherine Stenerson Gas Separations R&D Supelco, Supelco Park, Bellefonte, PA 16823 1999 Sigma-Aldrich Co. Outline Basic Troubleshooting Strategy Preventing

More information

Fast Analysis of Extended Natural Gas using the New Transportable INFICON Micro GC Fusion

Fast Analysis of Extended Natural Gas using the New Transportable INFICON Micro GC Fusion Fast Analysis of Extended Natural Gas using the New Transportable INFICON Micro GC Fusion Debbie Hutt PITTCON 2013 Philadelphia, Pa Wednesday March 20th, 2012 Cologne, Germany Shanghai, China 325 employees

More information

Properties of Matter. Chemical Properties and Effects on Pollutant Fate. Characteristics of Chemical Changes. Physical Characteristics

Properties of Matter. Chemical Properties and Effects on Pollutant Fate. Characteristics of Chemical Changes. Physical Characteristics Properties of Matter Chemical Properties and Effects on Pollutant Fate Physical Characteristics Characteristics of Chemical Changes Melting point Boiling point Vapor pressure Color State (solid, liquid,

More information

Validation Report 16

Validation Report 16 EURL for Cereals and Feeding stuff National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Validation Report 16 Determination of pesticide residues in wheat, barley and rice by GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS (QuEChERS

More information

Quantitative determination of residual 2-(2-chloroethoxy) ethanol (CEE) in quetiapine fumarate by gas chromatogaraphy

Quantitative determination of residual 2-(2-chloroethoxy) ethanol (CEE) in quetiapine fumarate by gas chromatogaraphy Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology, 2010, 1, 367-371 doi:10.4236/abb.2010.15049 Published Online December 2010 (http://www.scirp.org/journal/abb/). Quantitative determination of residual 2-(2-chloroethoxy)

More information

Automated Solid Phase Extraction of PAH Compounds Utilizing the SPE-DEX 5000

Automated Solid Phase Extraction of PAH Compounds Utilizing the SPE-DEX 5000 Automated Solid Phase Extraction of PAH Compounds Utilizing the SPE-DEX 5000 Melissa Lever, Horizon Technology, Inc., Salem, NH USA Key Words PAH, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, EPA 870, water extraction,

More information

Alex J. Zhang, Pranathi Perati, and Monika Verma; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sunnyvale, CA, USA

Alex J. Zhang, Pranathi Perati, and Monika Verma; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Sunnyvale, CA, USA Pesticides in My Beverage Screening (and Subsequent Quantification) of Pesticides in Beverages Originating from Leaves, Grapes, Grasses, and the Hydrologic Cycle (Tea, Wine, Milk, and Water) Using Automated

More information

Automated Online SPE for LC/MS/MS Analysis of Trace Organic Contaminants in Water Using the Agilent 1290 Infinity Flexible Cube Module

Automated Online SPE for LC/MS/MS Analysis of Trace Organic Contaminants in Water Using the Agilent 1290 Infinity Flexible Cube Module Automated Online SPE for LC/MS/MS Analysis of Trace Organic Contaminants in Water Using the Agilent 1290 Infinity Flexible Cube Module Application Note Environmental Authors Shane Snyder Department of

More information

EPA Method 543: Selected Organic Contaminants by Online SPE LC/MS/MS Using the Agilent Flexible Cube

EPA Method 543: Selected Organic Contaminants by Online SPE LC/MS/MS Using the Agilent Flexible Cube EPA Method 543: Selected Organic Contaminants by Online SPE LC/MS/MS Using the Agilent Flexible Cube Application Note Environmental Authors Don Noot, Ralph Hindle Vogon Laboratory Services Cochrane, AB

More information

Automated Real-Time Determination of Bromate in Drinking Water Using LC-ICP-MS and EPA Method Application

Automated Real-Time Determination of Bromate in Drinking Water Using LC-ICP-MS and EPA Method Application Automated Real-Time Determination of Bromate in Drinking Water Using LC-ICP-MS and EPA Method 321.8 Application ICP-MS Author Jason A. Day, Anne Vonderheide, Joseph A. Caruso University of Cincinnati Cincinnati,

More information

2023 Reduction of D-(+)-camphor with lithium aluminium hydride to an isomeric mixture of (+)-borneol and ( )-isoborneol

2023 Reduction of D-(+)-camphor with lithium aluminium hydride to an isomeric mixture of (+)-borneol and ( )-isoborneol 223 Reduction of D-(+)-camphor with lithium aluminium hydride to an isomeric mixture of (+)-borneol and ( )-isoborneol LiAlH 4 tert-butyl-methyl-ether H + OH O OH H C 1 H 16 O (152.2) LiAlH 4 (38.) a C

More information

Trihalomethane Formation Potential in Rainwater Harvested from Different Roofing Materials

Trihalomethane Formation Potential in Rainwater Harvested from Different Roofing Materials Trihalomethane Formation Potential in Rainwater Harvested from Different Roofing Materials Project Number: 570652 Principal Investigator: Carolina Mendez, M.S., Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental

More information

EASY-Spray Columns. Guidance for column set up and installation Tips to maximize column lifetime

EASY-Spray Columns. Guidance for column set up and installation Tips to maximize column lifetime EASY-Spray Columns Guidance for column set up and installation Tips to maximize column lifetime EASY-Spray Column Tips and Tricks This document provides guidance for Thermo Scientific EASY-Spray column

More information

Pollutant bioaccumulation in anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) tissue, fish species of commercial interest at the Romanian Black Sea coast

Pollutant bioaccumulation in anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) tissue, fish species of commercial interest at the Romanian Black Sea coast DOI: 10.1515/auoc-2017-0003 Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry Volume 28, Number 1, pp. 11-17, 2017 Pollutant bioaccumulation in anchovy (Engraulis encrasicolus) tissue, fish species of commercial

More information

Preparative SFC QDa Applications in Natural Products Research Judith M. Rollinger Ulrike Grienke

Preparative SFC QDa Applications in Natural Products Research Judith M. Rollinger Ulrike Grienke Preparative SFC QDa Applications in Natural Products Research Judith M. Rollinger Ulrike Grienke ÖSTERREICHISCHES TECHNOLOGIE SYMPOSIUM 2016, October 25, 2016 Pharmacognosy Group, UNIVIE Plants, fungi,

More information

Development of a Clinical Research Method for the Measurement of Testosterone. Dihydrotestosterone

Development of a Clinical Research Method for the Measurement of Testosterone. Dihydrotestosterone Development of a Clinical Research Method for the Measurement of Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone Martijn van Faassen, and Ido Kema, Department of Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center, Groningen,

More information

Milk quality testing and regulation

Milk quality testing and regulation The Milk Day Trento 4th February 2015 Milk quality testing and regulation Dr. Ulrich Leist The DRRR About us The DRRR covers the following scientific sectors: Chemical testing Microbiological testing Organoleptic

More information

Userguide: SepFast Gel Filtration columns

Userguide: SepFast Gel Filtration columns Userguide: SepFast Gel Filtration columns 1. Introduction Gel Filtration is a proven technique which is widely used for size-based molecular separation. SepFast Gel Filtration resin is specially designed

More information

The Role of House Dust in

The Role of House Dust in The Role of House Dust in Human DDT Pollution JOHN E. DAVIES, MD, MPH WALTER F. EDMUNDSON, MD, MS AMERICO RAFFONELLI, RS A study of pesticide residues in house dust indicates that contamination of house

More information

Residue Analysis of Dicamba and its Metabolites in Vegetation and Soil

Residue Analysis of Dicamba and its Metabolites in Vegetation and Soil 1 Office of Pesticide Programs (OPP) Biological & Economic Analysis Division Analytical Chemistry Branch Environmental Science Center Fort Meade, Maryland Residue Analysis of Dicamba and its Metabolites

More information

PHARMACEUTICAL TESTING

PHARMACEUTICAL TESTING WHITEHOUSE, NJ PHARMACEUTICAL TESTING Pharmaceutical Expertise for GMP & CMC Testing Our Pharmaceutical Expertise With more than 20 years of experience in a variety of industries, our Whitehouse, New Jersey

More information

The Agilent Atomic Spectroscopy portfolio for Environmental applications AA, MP-AES, ICP-OES, ICP-MS & ICP-QQQ

The Agilent Atomic Spectroscopy portfolio for Environmental applications AA, MP-AES, ICP-OES, ICP-MS & ICP-QQQ The Agilent Atomic Spectroscopy portfolio for Environmental applications AA, MP-AES, ICP-OES, ICP-MS & ICP-QQQ 1 History of Technology Leadership in Atomic Spectroscopy 62 AAS instruments manufactured

More information

Low-level Detection of Ethanol, 1,4-Dioxane, and Other Oxygenates Using the Eclipse Purge-and-Trap Sample Concentrator

Low-level Detection of Ethanol, 1,4-Dioxane, and Other Oxygenates Using the Eclipse Purge-and-Trap Sample Concentrator Application Note 25370206 Low-level Detection of,, and Other Oxygenates Using the Eclipse Purge-and-Trap Sample Concentrator Keywords Eclipse Fuel Oxygenates Methanol Model 4552 Purge and Trap Sample Concentrator

More information

Econo-Pac High Capacity Ion Exchange Cartridges, 5 ml Instruction Manual. Catalog Numbers , ,

Econo-Pac High Capacity Ion Exchange Cartridges, 5 ml Instruction Manual. Catalog Numbers , , Econo-Pac High Capacity Ion Exchange Cartridges, 5 ml Instruction Manual Catalog Numbers 732-0026, 732-0027 732-0066, 732-0067 Table of Contents Section 1 Introduction... 1 Section 2 Connection to Bio-Rad

More information

National summary report

National summary report Pesticide Residue Control Results National summary report Country: AUSTRIA Year: 2013 National competent authority/organisation: Austrian Federal Ministry of Health Austrian Agency for Health and Food

More information

SGE Environmental GC Columns The Suite for Environmental GC Analysis

SGE Environmental GC Columns The Suite for Environmental GC Analysis The Suite for Environmental GC Analysis SGE Environmental GC Columns Performance Selectivity Delivery Promise SGE Environmental GC Columns The Suite for Environmental GC Analysis SGE GC Columns have a

More information

Chem 321 Lecture 23 - Liquid Chromatography 11/19/13

Chem 321 Lecture 23 - Liquid Chromatography 11/19/13 Chem 321 Lecture 23 - Liquid Chromatography 11/19/13 Student Learning Objectives High Performance Liquid Chromatography With the advent of relatively inexpensive and reliable pumps, the development of

More information

PAHs in Surface Water by PDA and Fluorescence Detection

PAHs in Surface Water by PDA and Fluorescence Detection A P P L I C AT I O N N O T E Liquid Chromatography Authors: Catharine Layton Wilhad M. Reuter PerkinElmer, Inc. Shelton, CT PAHs in Surface Water by PDA and Fluorescence Detection Introduction Heightened

More information

Bioaccumulation of persistant organic contaminants in the common sole (Solea solea)

Bioaccumulation of persistant organic contaminants in the common sole (Solea solea) Bioaccumulation of persistant organic contaminants in the common sole (Solea solea) Utilisation of contaminants as food tracers eggs ingestion assimilation E reprooduction growth E R V M. Eichinger, V.

More information

Organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment of the Bosten Lake, Northwest China

Organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment of the Bosten Lake, Northwest China J Arid Land (2017) 9(2): 287 298 doi: 10.1007/s40333-017-0008-4 Science Press Springer-Verlag Organochlorine pesticides and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in water and sediment of the Bosten Lake, Northwest

More information

Accumulation of Pesticide Residues by Shrimp, Fish and Brine Shrimp During Pond Culture at Ghorabari (District Thatta)

Accumulation of Pesticide Residues by Shrimp, Fish and Brine Shrimp During Pond Culture at Ghorabari (District Thatta) RAZIA SULTANA et al., J.Chem.Soc.Pak., Vol. 34, No. J.Chem.Soc.Pak.,Vol. 3, 2012 34, No. 3, 2012 541 Accumulation of Pesticide Residues by Shrimp, Fish and Brine Shrimp During Pond Culture at Ghorabari

More information

STANDARD FOR LIVE AND RAW BIVALVE MOLLUSCS CODEX STAN Adopted in Amendment: Revision: 2014 and 2015.

STANDARD FOR LIVE AND RAW BIVALVE MOLLUSCS CODEX STAN Adopted in Amendment: Revision: 2014 and 2015. STANDARD FOR LIVE AND RAW BIVALVE MOLLUSCS CODEX STAN 292-2008 Adopted in 2008. Amendment: 2013. Revision: 2014 and 2015. CODEX STAN 292-2008 2 1. SCOPE This Standard applies to live bivalve molluscs and

More information

Preface. Historically, two Ministry of the Environment documents addressed the assessment and management of sediment:

Preface. Historically, two Ministry of the Environment documents addressed the assessment and management of sediment: Preface Historically, two Ministry of the Environment documents addressed the assessment and management of sediment: MOE 1993 Guidelines for the Protection and Management of Aquatic Sediment Quality in

More information

Proudly serving laboratories worldwide since 1979 CALL for Refurbished & Certified Lab Equipment QTRAP 5500

Proudly serving laboratories worldwide since 1979 CALL for Refurbished & Certified Lab Equipment QTRAP 5500 www.ietltd.com Proudly serving laboratories worldwide since 1979 CALL +847.913.0777 for Refurbished & Certified Lab Equipment QTRAP 5500 Powerful synergy results when the world s most sensitive triple

More information

BÜCHI Labortechnik AG

BÜCHI Labortechnik AG BÜCHI Labortechnik AG Purification BUCHI Chromatography History 1977: BUCHI Fraction Collector 1978: 1 st preparative chromatography system 2008: automated chromatography system 2014: automated high performance

More information

GUIDELINES FOR THE PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC SEDIMENT QUALITY IN ONTARIO

GUIDELINES FOR THE PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC SEDIMENT QUALITY IN ONTARIO GUIDELINES FOR THE PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC SEDIMENT QUALITY IN ONTARIO AUGUST 1993 Ministry of Environment and Energy ISBN 0-7778-9248-7 GUIDELINES FOR THE PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT OF AQUATIC

More information

CLASSIFICATION OF NON-TARIFF MEASURES FEBRUARY 2012 VERSION

CLASSIFICATION OF NON-TARIFF MEASURES FEBRUARY 2012 VERSION CLASSIFICATION OF NON-TARIFF MEASURES FEBRUARY 2012 VERSION A SANITARY AND PHYTOSANITARY MEASURES Measures that are applied: to protect human or animal life from risks arising from additives, contaminants,

More information

Agency (EEA) Copenhagen, Denmark. European Environment Agency

Agency (EEA)  Copenhagen, Denmark. European Environment Agency European uopea Environment Agency (EEA) www.eea.europa.eu Copenhagen, Denmark The EEA mission The EEA aims to support sustainable development and to help achieve significant and measurable improvement

More information

Exploring Extra Sensitivity Using ionkey/ms with the Xevo G2-XS Q-Tof HRMS for Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Analysis in Human Plasma

Exploring Extra Sensitivity Using ionkey/ms with the Xevo G2-XS Q-Tof HRMS for Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Analysis in Human Plasma Exploring Extra Sensitivity Using ionkey/ms with the Xevo G2-XS Q-Tof HRMS for Small Molecule Pharmaceutical Analysis in Human Plasma Yun Wang Alelyunas, Mark D. Wrona, Jim Murphy, Angela Doneanu, Gregory

More information

Agilent 7820A GC System THE EASY CHOICE FOR ROUTINE ANALYSES

Agilent 7820A GC System THE EASY CHOICE FOR ROUTINE ANALYSES Agilent 7820A GC System THE EASY CHOICE FOR ROUTINE ANALYSES THE AGILENT 7820A GC SYSTEM FORWARD-THINKING INNOVATION, EVERYDAY RELIABILITY AND VALUE Is your lab looking for better, more reproducible results

More information

Simultaneous in vivo Quantification and Metabolite Identification of Plasma Samples Using High Resolution QTof and Routine MS E Data Analysis

Simultaneous in vivo Quantification and Metabolite Identification of Plasma Samples Using High Resolution QTof and Routine MS E Data Analysis Simultaneous in vivo Quantification and Metabolite Identification of Plasma Samples Using High Resolution QTof and Routine MS E Data Analysis Mark Wrona, 1 Paul Rainville, 1 Eric Langlois, 2 Nigel Ewing,

More information

VOC- AND SVOC-EMISSIONS FROM ADHESIVES, FLOOR COVERINGS AND COMPLETE FLOOR STRUCTURES

VOC- AND SVOC-EMISSIONS FROM ADHESIVES, FLOOR COVERINGS AND COMPLETE FLOOR STRUCTURES VOC- AND SVOC-EMISSIONS FROM ADHESIVES, FLOOR COVERINGS AND COMPLETE FLOOR STRUCTURES O Wilke *, O Jann and Brödner Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, 12200 Berlin, Germany ABSTRACT

More information

Module 12: Oceanography Topic 6 Content: Ocean Pollution Notes. Ocean Pollution

Module 12: Oceanography Topic 6 Content: Ocean Pollution Notes. Ocean Pollution Ocean Pollution 1 Ocean pollution is an important modern-day environmental issue. Pollution occurs when chemical, physical, and/or biological agents are introduced into an environment and cause undesirable

More information

It works as hard as you do.

It works as hard as you do. It works as hard as you do. Agilent 6890N Network GC Rugged and reliable for unsurpassed uptime Advanced EPC ensures precision and accuracy of results Retention Time Locking for consistent results Accomplish

More information

Status of organochlorine pesticides in the drinking water well-field located in the Delhi region of the flood plains of river Yamuna

Status of organochlorine pesticides in the drinking water well-field located in the Delhi region of the flood plains of river Yamuna Open Access Proceedings doi:10.5194/dwes-4-51-2011 Author(s) 2011. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Drinking Water Engineering and Science Open Access Open Access Earth System Status of organochlorine pesticides

More information

Hydrocarbons Analysis for Risk Assessment in Polluted Soils

Hydrocarbons Analysis for Risk Assessment in Polluted Soils A publication of VOL. 28, 2012 CHEMICAL ENGINEERINGTRANSACTIONS Guest Editor:Carlo Merli Copyright 2012, AIDIC ServiziS.r.l., ISBN 978-88-95608-19-8; ISSN 1974-9791 The Italian Association of Chemical

More information

R R Innovation Way P/N SECKIT-7830 Newark, DE 19711, USA Tel: Fax: Website: Published in November 2013

R R Innovation Way P/N SECKIT-7830 Newark, DE 19711, USA Tel: Fax: Website:  Published in November 2013 5-100 Innovation Way Newark, DE 19711, USA Tel:302-3661101 Fax:302-3661151 Website: www.sepax-tech.com Published in November 2013 P/N SECKIT-7830 These Phases are developed based on innovative surface

More information

Fast Preparative Column Liquid Chromatography (PCLC)

Fast Preparative Column Liquid Chromatography (PCLC) Fast Preparative Column Liquid Chromatography (PCLC) Application Note 224 Joan Stevens, Ph.D. and Gary Scharrer Introduction Preparative HPLC is recognized as a prime method for obtaining pure compounds

More information

INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA MONOGRAPH ON ARTEMETHER AND LUMEFANTRINE CAPSULES REVISED DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION

INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA MONOGRAPH ON ARTEMETHER AND LUMEFANTRINE CAPSULES REVISED DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION October 2007 RESTRICTED ` INTERNATIONAL PHARMACOPOEIA MONOGRAPH ON ARTEMETHER AND LUMEFANTRINE CAPSULES REVISED DRAFT FOR DISCUSSION World Health Organization 2007 All rights reserved. This draft is intended

More information