5/12/15. We depend on environment for. Food Water Air Shelter Fuel, etc. Environmental science the study of the impact of humans on the environment

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1 List examples of chemical pollution from industry, agriculture, or everyday use. What are some possible effects that these pollutants can have on the environment? Doerfler Biology I How are humans and the environment connected? What is the difference between renewable resources and nonrenewable resources? How can the state of the environment affect a person s health and quality of life? We depend on environment for. Food Water Air Shelter Fuel, etc. Environmental science the study of the impact of humans on the environment 10,000 years ago, only about 5 million people Now, due to dependable food supplies, sanitation, and medicine, there is more than 6 billion Expected to exceed 10 billion before it stabilizes Humans can affect the resilience of the environment We are using more resources, many of which are limited Earth is an interconnected planet: we depend on the environment, and the environment is affected by our actions 1

2 Water and fuel are just a few examples of Earth s resources that we use daily Without it, we would suffer, especially without Trivia Crack Resources are split into two groups renewable or nonrenewable Fresh water, solar energy, fish are examples They are natural resources that can be replaced at the same rate at which they are consumed Supply is either o large or constantly renewed they will never be used up Can be renewable but still be used up.. TREES Wind energy Solar energy Fresh water Trees Form at a rate that is much slower than the rate at which they are consumed Most of our energy comes from fossil fuels Nonrenewable energy resources that formed from the remains of organisms that lived long ago Sediment covered dead organisms, creating heat and pressure This caused chemical changes and formed oil and natural gas Oil Coal Natural gas Pollution and habitat destruction destroy the resources we need to live, such as the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the food we eat. Air pollution causes headaches, sore throats, nausea, and upper respiratory infections, lung cancer, etc. Chemical pollutants in water can cause birth defects and other serious ailments Infectious diseases are caused by water polluted by sewage Habitat destruction is a safety concern Roots from plants hold soil in place Land slides and floods increase with deforestation Explain how human population affects the environment Describe the difference between renewable resources and nonrenewable resources State a nonrenewable resource that you used today State three ways that environmental problems may affect human health Brainstorm examples of solid, liquid, and gaseous pollutants in the environment 2

3 Most is caused by human activity Ex: industries, power plants, and vehicles Burning of fossil fuels releases carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides Can cause respiratory problems for people, results in acid rain, damages the ozone layer, and may affect global warming Acid rain is precipitation that has an unusually high concentration of sulfuric or nitric acids Damages forests and lakes Ozone layer protects life on Earth from the sun s damaging UV rays Has been damaged by chlorofluorocarbons Which are found in coolants in refrigerators and propellants in spray cans Global temperature may be affected by air pollutants Global warming is the gradual increase in the average global temperature The atmosphere traps heats and warms Earth **sort of like the inside of a car absorbs the solar energy and changes it to heat energy **Energy cannot easily pass back through the glass windows **Heat is trapped and makes the inside of the car HOT Greenhouse effect is the warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of Earth that happens when Happens when green house gases I the air absorb and reradiate heat Examples of greenhouses gas: carbon dioxide Ice sheets over Antarctica and Greenland have already started to melt Could raise sea levels all over Earth Global weather patterns could be changed Warmer oceans make hurricanes and typhoons stronger and more prevalent Droughts could become more frequent Migration patterns of some birds have already changed Every person needs 5-18 gal of clean water each day to meet all of their needs (drinking, washing, sanitation, etc.) Water pollution can come from fertilizers and pesticides from agriculture, live stock farms, industrial waste, oil run off from roads, septic tanks, and unlined landfills When pollutants run off land and into rivers, both aquatic and public water systems may be contaminated DDT and the bald eagle Greatest threat to soil is erosion Process in which the material of Earth s surface are worn away and transported from one place to another by wind, gravity, or water Destroys fertile soil that we need in order to produce food Roots from plants hold the soil and help prevent erosion Plowing fields removes plants, increasing risk of erosion Soil conservation Terracing: make a steep farm field and create series of flat fields Cover crop: restores nutrients to soil (soybeans) Crop rotation: plant different crop yearly to save nutrients Contour plowing: rows plowed in curves along hills instead of straight lines 3

4 We share Earth with 5 million to 15 million species We depend on many of these things for fulfillment of basic needs Food, clothing, medicines, building materials Ecosystem disruption can result in loss of biodiversity, food supplies, potential cures for disease, and the balance of ecosystems that support all life on Earth Can t avoid it, but we can conserve it Four ways ecosystems are disrupted: Habitat destruction Loss of biodiversity Invasive species Extinction Over last 50 years, about half of world s tropical rain forest has been cut down or burned Cleared for timber, pasture land, or farm land This is a process called deforestation Many times it is poor farmers who are looking for a living When you destroy a habitat, you also destroy the inhabitants Habitat destruction and damage cause more extinction and loss of biodiversity than any other human activities Biodiversity RECALL- affects stability of ecosystem and the sustainability of populations Every species plays an important role in the cycling of nutrients When a species disappears, so does a string in the food web At least on-fourth of medicines today are derived from plants Fewer species of plants could mean fewer remedies for illness Humans have interrupted ecosystems by intentionally or unintentionally introducing nonnative species Zebra mussel Accidentally introduced to Great Lakes by ships from Black and Caspian seas Disrupted ecosystems and clogged water pipes of water treatment plants Many species are on the edge of extinction The death of every member of a species Red panda When species become extinct, we lose everything we know about it and its resource Two anticancer drugs have developed from rosy periwinkle Flower in Madagascar threatened by deforestation If we lose that, we might lose source of new drug Identify the affects of air pollution Explain how the burning of fossil fuels, such as oil, might lead to climate change Identify five sources of water pollution Explain why soil erosion is a problem List four ways ecosystems disruption affects humans 4

5 Write 3 to 4 sentences describing a global, national, or local environmental problem that you have heard about and any efforts that are being undertaken to correct the problem. 5

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