8/4/2015. PHG Energy Means Industrial Grade. Chris Koczaja VP of Engineering and Implementation. Clean Energy Conversion.

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1 Chris Koczaja VP of Engineering and Implementation Clean Energy Carbon Emissions Crop Residues Clean Energy Conversion Delivering Affordable Renewable Technology Through Gasification New Landfills Transportation Costs Sludge Disposal Tipping Fees PHG Energy Means Industrial Grade 1

2 Project = Feedstock + Application Application Gas to Liquids Combustion Turbine Recip. Engine Steam Turbine ORC Generator Steam Drying Process Heat Feedstock 80+% Wood Tire Pelletized Crop 50+% Wood Processed MSW Chicken Litter (Dried Biosolids) Unprocessed MSW ASR What is Gasification? The clean, efficient conversion of biomass into a combustible fuel gas in an oxygen starved environment A thermo-chemical process to produce a clean fuel gas. This is NOT Incineration. Feedstock flexible of the life of the equipment Can retain and retrofit current equipment to use the gas (boilers, kilns, etc.) On demand energy generation About 95% of what goes in comes out as fuel gas. The other 5% is a charcoal biochar with many uses. Can be adapted for future applications What Can You Gasify? Woodchips Utility trimmings Scrap pallets/construction Bark or waste wood Commercial waste Agricultural and animal waste Scrap tires and rubber products Food processing and other manufacturing waste Switchgrass, miscanthus and other purpose grown energy crops Mixtures improve performance 2

3 Variables Driving vs. Driven variables Feedstock vs. Output only fix one Using The Fuel Gas: Currently Being Utilized Here and Worldwide Electricity: Gas or steam turbines and ORC generators Steam: Boiler and community heating systems Direct Thermal: Kiln Operations & Sludge Dryers Combustion: Industrial thermal oxidizers Real World Applications 3

4 Covington Waste To Energy Plant Covington Waste-To-Electricity System Less efficient, but flexible power generation Community scale system Feedstock preparation is key Keys to a Successful Project A Positive Economic Impact Is Essential For Every Project Always a Foundation or Cornerstone of Problem Solving o REVENUE STREAMS o Tipping fees and hauling costs o Outlet for the energy: heat or electricity or both o Deferred capital expenditures o Biochar market o KEY CONSIDERATIONS o Understanding feedstock preparation and logistics o Managing project complexity o Change management o Work WITH regulators to resolve new issues 4

5 Lebanon, TN Waste to Energy Phase Approach: Use Existing Waste Streams Municipal Municipal Waste Sorter Heat and/or electricity for the process Output Options Electricity Class A biosolids Pellets Out of Sorter & Into Gasifier Plastics Glass Metals Sorter Removes Recyclables Pellets Wood Waste Application options: Power Generation Sewer Plant Sludge Drying Combined Heat and Power?? TIRES SLUDGE Other Waste Streams Heat Energy PHASE 1: Start with what can be easily handled today A Municipal Vision Taking Shape Now Municipal Municipal Waste Sorter Heat and/or electricity for the process Output Options Electricity Class A biosolids Pellets Out of Sorter & Into Gasifier Plastics Glass Metals Sorter Removes Recyclables Pellets Wood Waste Application options: Power Generation Sewer Plant Sludge Drying Combined Heat and Power?? TIRES Other Waste Streams SLUDGE CROPS? Heat Energy 5

6 Conclusion Every Project is Situational Economically Viable Energy Feedstock Application Economics Environmental Convert Waste or Biomass to Electricity Deliver Clean Burning Fuel Gas Reduce or eliminate costly waste streams Help achieve sustainability goals Design for flexibility PHG 12 PHG LF (6) X PHG 8 PHG 12 PHG LF 6

7 Converting Solids To Fuel Gas Air Drying Pyrolysis Oxidation Reduction Grate Residue Air Evaporate moisture from the feedstock Feedstock breaks down to gas and tars 3000 degree F oxidation layer cracks tars Carbon reforms with steam to create CO and H 2 Rotating Grate shaves biochar layer Residue box for biochar removal 7

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