TREATMENT OF OLEOCHEMICAL WASTEWATER USING REGENERATED ACTIVATED CARBON NORAFZAN BIN HAMIN UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

Transcription

1 TREATMENT OF OLEOCHEMICAL WASTEWATER USING REGENERATED ACTIVATED CARBON NORAFZAN BIN HAMIN UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA

2 iii ABSTRACT Natural Oleochemical Company is producing glycerine, fatty acid and ester from oleochemical. However, the wastewater effluent that the company produced is often contaminated with various compounds such as phenol, nickel, suspended solids and dissolved organic compounds and needs to be treated due to high amount of Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). The objective of this research is to reduce the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) of liquid waste after the chemical treatment process at Natural Oleochemical Company by using regenerated activated carbon in accordance to standard of effluent fixed by the Department of Environment (DOE) Malaysia. The scope of the study is by designing and built customize made of fixed bed column with regenerated activated carbon for wastewater treatment. Next this research also wants to compare the qualities of wastewater before and after treatment by customize made regenerated activated carbon columns. Activated Carbon (AC) is broadly used as an adsorbent in water and wastewater treatment throughout the world. AC as an adsorbent is very efficient for diverse types of pollutants. The result show, the removal of contaminant is increase if the dosage of AC increases. Besides that, by using regenerated AC and commercial AC, both of them can reduce large amount of COD and BOD. In conclusion, by using customize made commercial activated carbon and regenerated activated carbon columns COD and BOD of the oleochemical wastewater can be reduce from 7525 to 450 ± mg/l and to ± mg/l and 7525 to 3050 ± mg/l and to ± mg/l respectively in 240 minutes.

3 iv ABSTRAK Syarikat Natural Oleochemical telah menghasilkan gliserin, asid lemak dan ester daripada oleokimia. Walau bagaimanapun, air sisa yang dihasilkan syarikat itu sering tercemar dengan pelbagai sebatian seperti fenol, nikel, pepejal terampai dan sebatian organic yang terlarut dan perlu dirawat kerana jumlah Keperluan Oksigen Biokimia (BOD) dan Keperluan Oksigen Kimia (COD) sangat tinggi. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengurangkan Keperluan Oksigen Biokimia (BOD) dan Keperluan Oksigen Kimia (COD) sisa cecair selepas proses rawatan kimia di Syarikat Natural Oleochemical dengan menggunakan karbon aktif yang telah di jana semula mengikut standard yang ditetapkan oleh Jabatan Alam Sekitar (JAS) Malaysia. Skop kajian ini adalah mereka bentuk dan menyesuaikan kolum bed tetap dengan karbon aktif yang telah dijana semula untuk rawatan air sisa. Seterusnya kajian ini juga mahu untuk membandingkan kualiti air sisa sebelum dan selepas rawatan dengan menggunakan karbon aktif yang telah di jana semula. Karbon aktif (AC) digunakan secara meluas sebagai bahan penjerap dalam air dan rawatan air sisa di seluruh dunia. AC sebagai penjerap sangat berkesan untuk pelbagai jenis bahan tercemar. Berdasarkan eksperimenl, penyingkiran bahan tercemar meningkat jika dos AC meningkat. Selain itu, dengan menggunakan karbon aktif yang di jana semula dan komersil karbon aktif, kedua-duanya boleh mengurangkan jumlah besar COD dan BOD. Kesimpulannya, dengan menggunakan komersil karbon diaktif dan karbon aktif yang dijana semula COD dan BOD air buangan oleokimia boleh dikurangkan daripada ± 2.380,25 mg / L dan 92,46-43,44 ± mg / L dan ± 1.526,39 mg / L dan 92,82-48,86 ± mg / L masing-masing dalam masa 240 minit.

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