Hydrogen Production. EU-Sustainable Energy Week

Transcription

1 Hydrogen Production Conventional and Renewable EU-Sustainable Energy Week Brussels, s, , 0 009, Pascal Meyvaert

2 Hydrogen Market Ammonia (NH3) production (~ 50% of worldwide demand) Oil Industry (~ 45% of worldwide demand) Semi-conductor production Glass Industry (Shielding gas) Hydrogenation of fats and oils Methanol production Production of HCL Plastics Recycling Rocket fuel Welding, cutting New application: Fuel Cells and H2 internal combustion engines 2

3 The Entire Hydrogen Value Chain Automotive Compression/ Liquefaction Distribution Filling Station H2 - ICE Fuel Cell H2 Production New Market Linde Competence Fossil Energy (Natural Gas) Renewable Energy 3

4 Hydrogen Production Today: Hydrogen as Industrial Gas - from Fossil Feedstocks 99% from fossil feedstocks thereof ~ 70% from natural gas Source: ECOFYS 2004 & DWV 4

5 Conventional Hydrogen Production Steam Methane Reforming CH H 2 O 4 H 2 + CO 2 5

6 Renewable Hydrogen Production Options H 2 as Energy Storage for Renewable Energy Systems Very high potential - still high electricity acquisition costs (PV) or high distances from H2 demand centres (SOT) ENERGY RENEWABLE Very high potential due to a fluctuating availability, combined energy storage & H2 production seems promising Potential has been made available geographically limited able to provide base load High potential - in particular the use of biogenous residues seems very promising Technology is not yet commercially available - very high potential - able to provide base load 99% aus fossilen Quellen The use of bio feedstocks in particular bio-residues offers an economical viable option for renewable H2 production in the short- to mid-term 6

7 BioHydrogen Possible Pathways Product BioHydrogen Technology Steam Methane Reforming Gasification (Synthesis Gas & CO-Shift) Pyrolysis, Gasification/ Reforming, Intermediate Anaerobic exposure Biomethane from Biogas Feedstock E.g. Organic Residues, Energy Crops, Lignocellulosic Biomass Biogenous residues (e.g. (Straw, wood, ) organic industrial waste) 7

8 Process Scheme Steam Methane Reforming Demin Water ess Steam Waste Heat Recovery H2-Recycle Export Steam Feed Feed Pretreatment Proc Steam Reforming CO-Shift Conversion Pressure Swing Adsorption Hydrogen Purgegas Fuel 8

9 Biomass Formation Photosynthesis Solar Energy Photosynthesis 6 CO H 2 O C 6 H 12 O O 2 Biomass = Stored Solar Energy 9

10 Worldwide Biomass Potential (IEA Scenario) 2008 Biomass Coal Commercial Biomass Mtoe =11.630GWh = 4, TJ (Mtoe = metric tons equivalent of oil) National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL): Potential of Biomass: 15% of the world s energy by 2050 Source: World Energy Outlook, International Energy Agency,

11 Sustainable Hydrogen Production Classification of Potential Net Cruising Range H H Alt. Biofuels Alt. Biofuels [km / mio. ha*a] 200. PV - LH2 - FC PV - CGH2 - FC Wind donshore - CGH2 - FC Rape Seed - RME Wind Onshore - LH2 - FC Entire Wheat Plant Ener ergy Maize - LH2 - FC Energy Maize - CGH2 - FC Energy Maize - BioMethane Poplar - LH2 - FC Poplar - CGH2 - FC Poplar - BtL Source: Own Calculations; Concawe/EUCAR Well to WheelStudy 2007;

12 Steps into a Hydrogen Infrastructure Transportable Equipment - Mobile Equipment Stationary-, and public Filling stations Hydrogen Infrastructure 12

13 Climate Neutral Hydrogen A first step, The TrailH2 mobile fuelling station 13

14 Climate Neutral Hydrogen A second step, Linde demo fuelling station Munich 14

15 Stationary/Public Filling Station A third step, Demo projects CEP Berlin

16 Nothing beats practical experience Total / BMW fuelling station LH2 Brussels 16

17 Nothing beats practical experience Opel HydroGen4 sales team Berlin (02/09) 17

18 Nothing beats practical experience Tourist FC boat project Amsterdam (04/09) 18

19 Nothing beats practical experience Belgian Hydrogen and FC Club (05/09) 19

20 Thank you for your attention EU-Sustainable Energy Week Brussels, , Pascal Meyvaert Mobile : Mail : Pascal.meyvaert@linde.com