EART 204. Water. Dr. Slawek Tulaczyk. Earth Sciences, UCSC

Size: px
Start display at page:

Download "EART 204. Water. Dr. Slawek Tulaczyk. Earth Sciences, UCSC"

Transcription

1 EART 204 Water Dr. Slawek Tulaczyk Earth Sciences, UCSC 1

2 Water is an amazing liquid, (high heat capacity - particularly in phase transitions, maximum density at ca. 4 deg. C) 2

3 3

4 4

5 5

6 6

7 7

8 8

9 9

10 Basin Hydrologic Cycle Charbeneau,

11 Basin Hydrologic Cycle GW/SW Interaction 11

12 Global Hydrologic Cycle Schematic Domenico and Schwartz,

13 Basin Hydrologic Cycle Schematic Domenico and Schwartz,

14 Basin Hydrologic Cycle Quantitative Representation Basin Surface/ Soil I Aquifer Domenico and Schwartz,

15 2. Soil Horizons 15

16 Charbeneau,

17 Figure

18 3. Aquifers 18

19 Aquifers Definition: A geological unit which can store and supply significant quantities of water. Principal aquifers by rock type: Unconsolidated Sandstone Sandstone and Carbonate Semiconsolidated Carbonate-rock Volcanic Other rocks 19

20 Occurrence of Ground Water Ground water occurs when water recharges the subsurface through cracks and pores in soil and rock Shallow water level is called the water table 20

21 Recharge Natural Precipitation Melting snow Infiltration by streams and lakes Artificial Recharge wells Water spread over land in pits, furrows, ditches Small dams in stream channels to detain and deflect water 21

22 Example Layered Aquifer System Bedient et al.,

23 Other Aquifer Features 23

24 Leaky and Perched Aquifers Leaky confined aquifer: represents a stratum that allows water to flow from above through a leaky confining zone into the underlying aquifer Perched aquifer: occurs when an unconfined water zone sits on top of a clay lens, separated from the main aquifer below 24

25 4. Soil Texture 25

26 Bedient et al.,

27 Particle Size Distribution Poorly sorted silty fine to medium sand Well sorted fine sand Bedient et al.,

28 Particle Size Distribution Charbeneau,

29 4. Porosity and Density 29

30 REV Representative Elementary Volume Charbeneau,

31 REV Scale Effect Freeze and Cherry,

32 Types of Porous Media Freeze and Cherry,

33 Typical Values of Porosity Bedient et al., 1999., 33

34 6. Saturation and Water Content 34

35 Soil Moisture Held by Capillary Pressure Charbeneau,

36 Moisture Content in Capillary Zone Charbeneau,

37 7. Hydraulic Head 37

38 Pressure and Elevation Heads - Laboratory ψ = pressure head z = elevation head h = total head Freeze and Cherry,

39 Pressure and Elevation Heads - Field ψ = pressure head z = elevation head h = total head Freeze and Cherry,

40 Two Confined Aquifers with Different Heads Groundwater will tend to flow from the top aquifer to the bottom aquifer. We can t make any conclusion about horizontal head gradients from this picture. Charbeneau,

41 Horizontal and Vertical Head Gradients Freeze and Cherry,

42 Horizontal and Vertical Head Gradients Freeze and Cherry,

43 Lecture 2 Reading Assignments Hydrologic Cycle and Water Distribution Bedient et al., pp. 1-6 Domenico & Schwartz, pp Soil Horizons Bedient et al., pp Charbeneau, pp. 5-6 Aquifers/Soil Texture/Porosity and Density/Saturation and Water Content Bedient et al., pp Charbeneau, pp Hydraulic Head Bedient et al., pg. 24 Domenico and Schwartz, pp Freeze and Cherry, pp Note: Only reading in Bedient et al. is required. Other reading assignments are highly recommended and contain extended explanations that might be helpful for your understanding of the material. 43

44 Hydrology Hydrologic Cycle Precipitation Average over Area Return Period Abstractions from Rainfall Runoff Hydrographs Determination methods 44

45 Hydraulics of Structures Weir flow Orifice flow Pipe flow Spillway flow Stage-Discharge relationship 45

46 Open Channel Flow Channel geometries Triangular Trapezoid Parabolic Manning s equation Manning roughness, n Grass waterway design 46

47 Precipitation Input to the Rainfall-Runoff process Forms include: Rainfall Snow Hail Sleet Measured directly Varies temporally and areally 47

48 Rainfall Data Daily Hourly 15-minute Continuous Reported as depth, which is really volume over a given area, over a period of time 48

49 Average Rainfall Simple arithmetic average Theissen Polygon 49

50 Example 1 How do different calculation methods of rainfall average compare? Consider: 50

51 US 100yr-24hr Rainfall 100yr-24hr data from TP-40 (Hershfield (1961) as referenced by Fangmeier et al. (2006) 51

52 Runoff If rainfall rate exceeds the soil infiltration capacity, ponding begins, and any soil surface roughness creates storage on the surface. After at least some of those depressions are filled with water, runoff begins. Additional rain continues to fill depressional storage and runoff rate increases as more of the hill slope and subsequently the watershed contributes runoff. 52

53 Rainfall/Runoff process 53

54 Open Channel Flow Flow through open channels is another important area to consider and review. Velocity and flow rate are usually calculated using Manning s equation, which considers flow geometry, channel roughness and slope. 54

55 Manning s Equation Where: V= flow velocity in fps R h = Hydraulic Radius in ft S = Energy gradeline slope in ft/ft (=bed slope for normal flow) n = Manning coefficient 1.49 = conversion from SI to English units Hydraulic radius is the flow area divided by the wetted perimeter. 55

56 Open Channel Flow Channel Geometry 56

57 Manning n values 57

58 Example What is the flow rate for a rectangular finished (clean) concrete channel with a base width of 8, channel slope of 0.5%, with a normal water depth of 2? A: 140 cfs B: 8.5 cfs C: 100 cfs D: 200 cfs 58

59 Solution n is 0.015, Rh is 8*2 sq.ft./(2+8+2) ft, S is ft/ft, so V = 8.5 ft/sec Q = V*A= 8.5 ft/sec*16 sq.ft. = 140 cfs 59

Lecture 20: Groundwater Introduction

Lecture 20: Groundwater Introduction Lecture 20: Groundwater Introduction Key Questions for Groundwater 1. What is an aquifer? 2. What is an unconfined aquifer? 3. What is groundwater recharge? 4. What is porosity? What determines the magnitude

More information

Introduction. Welcome to the Belgium Study Abroad Program. Courses:

Introduction. Welcome to the Belgium Study Abroad Program. Courses: Introduction Welcome to the Belgium Study Abroad Program Courses: AGSM 335: Soil and Water Management BAEN 460: Principals of Environmental Hydrology BAEN 460 / AGSM 335 Combined lecture and HW sessions

More information

Unit 2: Weather Dynamics Chapter 1: Hydrological Cycle

Unit 2: Weather Dynamics Chapter 1: Hydrological Cycle UNIT 2 Chapter 1: Inquiring about Weather Unit 2: Weather Dynamics Chapter 1: Hydrological Cycle Science 10 Mrs. Purba Importance of H 2 O From the beginning of time when water first appeared, it has been

More information

BAEN 673 / February 18, 2016 Hydrologic Processes

BAEN 673 / February 18, 2016 Hydrologic Processes BAEN 673 / February 18, 2016 Hydrologic Processes Assignment: HW#7 Next class lecture in AEPM 104 Today s topics SWAT exercise #2 The SWAT model review paper Hydrologic processes The Hydrologic Processes

More information

Highway Drainage 1- Storm Frequency and Runoff 1.1- Runoff Determination

Highway Drainage 1- Storm Frequency and Runoff 1.1- Runoff Determination Highway Drainage Proper drainage is a very important consideration in design of a highway. Inadequate drainage facilities can lead to premature deterioration of the highway and the development of adverse

More information

POROSITY, SPECIFIC YIELD & SPECIFIC RETENTION. Physical properties of

POROSITY, SPECIFIC YIELD & SPECIFIC RETENTION. Physical properties of POROSITY, SPECIFIC YIELD & SPECIFIC RETENTION Porosity is the the ratio of the voids to the total volume of an unconsolidated or consolidated material. Physical properties of n = porosity as a decimal

More information

East Maui Watershed Partnership Adapted from Utah State University and University of Wisconsin Ground Water Project Ages 7 th -Adult

East Maui Watershed Partnership Adapted from Utah State University and University of Wisconsin Ground Water Project Ages 7 th -Adult INTRODUCTION What is groundwater? Water contained in saturated soil and rock materials below the surface of the earth. It is not NEW water, but is recycled water through the hydraulic cycle. The source

More information

The Texas A&M University and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Hydrologic Modeling Inventory (HMI) Questionnaire

The Texas A&M University and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Hydrologic Modeling Inventory (HMI) Questionnaire The Texas A&M University and U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Hydrologic Modeling Inventory (HMI) Questionnaire May 4, 2010 Name of Model, Date, Version Number Dynamic Watershed Simulation Model (DWSM) 2002

More information

DRAINAGE & DESIGN OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM

DRAINAGE & DESIGN OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM Drainage on Highways DRAINAGE & DESIGN OF DRAINAGE SYSTEM P. R.D. Fernando Chartered Engineer B.Sc.(Hons), M.Eng. C.Eng., MIE(SL) Drainage Requirement of Highway Drainage System Introduction Drainage means

More information

The Islamic University of Gaza- Civil Engineering Department Sanitary Engineering- ECIV 4325 L5. Storm water Management

The Islamic University of Gaza- Civil Engineering Department Sanitary Engineering- ECIV 4325 L5. Storm water Management The Islamic University of Gaza- Civil Engineering Department Sanitary Engineering- ECIV 4325 L5. Storm water Management Husam Al-Najar Storm water management : Collection System Design principles The Objectives

More information

Overview. Students will...

Overview. Students will... Overview Students will... Understand the interaction between ground water and surface water. Observe the difference between a permeable layer and an impermeable layer in an aquifer. See how water is stored

More information

Understanding Earth Fifth Edition

Understanding Earth Fifth Edition Understanding Earth Fifth Edition Grotzinger Jordan Press Siever Chapter 17: THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND GROUNDWATER Lecturer: H Mohammadzadeh Assistant professors, Department of Geology, FUM Copyright 2007

More information

Continuous Simulation Modeling of Stormwater Ponds, Lakes, & Wetlands: A BUILT-IN APPLICATION OF PONDS 3.2

Continuous Simulation Modeling of Stormwater Ponds, Lakes, & Wetlands: A BUILT-IN APPLICATION OF PONDS 3.2 Continuous Simulation Modeling of Stormwater Ponds, Lakes, & Wetlands: A BUILT-IN APPLICATION OF PONDS 3.2 PRESENTED AT THE SFWMD WORKSHOP PRE-DEVELOPMENT VERSUS POST DEVELOPMENT RUNOFF VOLUME ANALYSIS

More information

The Hydrological Cycle. Hydrological Cycle. Definition of Terms. Soils and Water, Spring Lecture 7, The Hydrological Cycle 1

The Hydrological Cycle. Hydrological Cycle. Definition of Terms. Soils and Water, Spring Lecture 7, The Hydrological Cycle 1 The Hydrological Cycle Water vapor helps warm up the earth Evaporation+Transpiration Chemical Spill Runoff To Oceans Water potential, atmosphere Hydrological Cycle Transpiration, T Atmospheric pool Interception

More information

CHAPTER 13 OUTLINE The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater. Hydrologic cycle. Hydrologic cycle cont.

CHAPTER 13 OUTLINE The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater. Hydrologic cycle. Hydrologic cycle cont. CHAPTER 13 OUTLINE The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater Does not contain complete lecture notes. To be used to help organize lecture notes and home/test studies. Hydrologic cycle The hydrologic cycle is

More information

Measuring discharge. Climatological and hydrological field work

Measuring discharge. Climatological and hydrological field work Measuring discharge Climatological and hydrological field work 1. Background Discharge (or surface runoff Q s) refers to the horizontal water flow occurring at the surface in rivers and streams. It does

More information

Methods of Streamflow Analysis

Methods of Streamflow Analysis 4 Methods of Streamflow Analysis CHAPTER 4 Streamflow Measurements Danielle M. Andrews Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University I. INTRODUCTION Perennial carries water all

More information

Hydrology and Water Management. Dr. Mujahid Khan, UET Peshawar

Hydrology and Water Management. Dr. Mujahid Khan, UET Peshawar Hydrology and Water Management Dr. Mujahid Khan, UET Peshawar Course Outline Hydrologic Cycle and its Processes Water Balance Approach Estimation and Analysis of Precipitation Data Infiltration and Runoff

More information

SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS

SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS, Zerihun Alemayehu GROUNDWATER Groundwater takes 0.6% of the total water in the hydrosphere 0.31% of the total water in the hydrosphere has depth less than

More information

Lecture 21: Groundwater: Hydraulic Conductivity

Lecture 21: Groundwater: Hydraulic Conductivity Lecture 21: Groundwater: Hydraulic Conductivity Key Questions 1. What causes groundwater to move? 2. What is the hydraulic conductivity? 3. What is Darcy s Law? 4. How is groundwater velocity estimated?

More information

CEE6400 Physical Hydrology

CEE6400 Physical Hydrology CEE6400 Physical Hydrology Midterm Review Learning Objectives (what you should be able to do) Hydrologic data, the hydrologic cycle and water balance (HW 1) Work with hydrologic data, quantify uncertainty

More information

CHAPTER ONE OCCURRENCE OF GROUNDWATER

CHAPTER ONE OCCURRENCE OF GROUNDWATER CHAPTER ONE OCCURRENCE OF GROUNDWATER 1.1 Introduction Groundwater is water that exists in the pore spaces and fractures in rocks and sediments beneath the Earth s surface. It originates as rainfall or

More information

Runoff Processes. Daene C. McKinney

Runoff Processes. Daene C. McKinney CE 374 K Hydrology Runoff Processes Daene C. McKinney Watershed Watershed Area draining to a stream Streamflow generated by water entering surface channels Affected by Physical, vegetative, and climatic

More information

Standards for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control in New Jersey May 2012 STANDARD FOR SLOPE PROTECTION STRUCTURES. Definition

Standards for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control in New Jersey May 2012 STANDARD FOR SLOPE PROTECTION STRUCTURES. Definition STANDARD FOR SLOPE PROTECTION STRUCTURES Definition Structures to safely conduct surface runoff from the top of a slope to the bottom of the slope. Purpose The purpose of this practice is to convey storm

More information

Lecture 11: Water Flow; Soils and the Hydrologic Cycle

Lecture 11: Water Flow; Soils and the Hydrologic Cycle Lecture 11: Water Flow; Soils and the Hydrologic Cycle Water Flow in Soils Types of Water Flow in Soil Saturated flow: Soil pores completely filled with water; controlled by the hydrostatic potential After

More information

Term Info Picture. The process by which liquid water changes to gas. The process by which water vapor changes in to liquid water.

Term Info Picture. The process by which liquid water changes to gas. The process by which water vapor changes in to liquid water. Water Cycle S6E3. Obtain, evaluate and communicate information to recognize the significant role of water in Earth s processes. A. Ask questions to determine where water is located on Earth s surface (oceans,

More information

HYDROLOGIC & HYDRAULIC ASPECTS of the Walnut Street Bridge over the Schuylkill River Philadelphia, PA

HYDROLOGIC & HYDRAULIC ASPECTS of the Walnut Street Bridge over the Schuylkill River Philadelphia, PA HYDROLOGIC & HYDRAULIC ASPECTS of the Walnut Street Bridge over the Schuylkill River Philadelphia, PA J. Richard Weggel CAEE201 Lectures 30 April & 2 May 2007 HYDROLOGY (Natural Science) Study of the waters

More information

PART 3 - STANDARDS FOR SEWERAGE FACILITIES DESIGN OF STORM SEWERS

PART 3 - STANDARDS FOR SEWERAGE FACILITIES DESIGN OF STORM SEWERS PART 3 - STANDARDS FOR SEWERAGE FACILITIES 3.3 - DESIGN OF STORM SEWERS 3.301 Design of Storm Sewers A. General Information B. Investigations and Surveys C. Special Projects 3.302 Design Criteria for Storm

More information

Biogeochemistry of Wetlands: Wetland hydrology

Biogeochemistry of Wetlands: Wetland hydrology Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (IFAS) Wetland hydrology, transport processes, and modeling June 23-26, 2008 Gainesville, Florida Wetland Biogeochemistry Laboratory Soil and Water Science Department

More information

Introduction to Groundwater. Photo: Joanne Offer/The IRC

Introduction to Groundwater. Photo: Joanne Offer/The IRC Introduction to Groundwater Photo: Joanne Offer/The IRC Groundwater Groundwater is water that has permeated or percolated into the ground. It is an important part of the water cycle. Groundwater is an

More information

INFLOW DESIGN FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEM PLAN PLANT BARRY ASH POND ALABAMA POWER COMPANY

INFLOW DESIGN FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEM PLAN PLANT BARRY ASH POND ALABAMA POWER COMPANY INFLOW DESIGN FLOOD CONTROL SYSTEM PLAN PLANT BARRY ASH POND ALABAMA POWER COMPANY Section 257.82 of EPA s regulations requires the owner or operator of an existing or new CCR surface impoundment or any

More information

Index. Page numbers followed by f indicate figures.

Index. Page numbers followed by f indicate figures. Index Aerodynamic method, 103, 110 111 Algae, 131, 173, 175 Alternate depth, 88 Alternating block method, 132, 140 141 Attenuation, 106, 107f, 118, 120 Page numbers followed by f indicate figures. Baseflow

More information

Water Budget IV: Soil Water Processes P = Q + ET + G + ΔS

Water Budget IV: Soil Water Processes P = Q + ET + G + ΔS Water Budget IV: Soil Water Processes P = Q + ET + G + ΔS Infiltration Infiltration capacity: The maximum rate at which water can enter soil. Infiltration capacity curve: A graph showing the time-variation

More information

Physiographic zones. and water quality

Physiographic zones. and water quality Southland Physiographic zones Central Plains Technical information Physiographic zones are part of the Water and Land 2020 & Beyond project that aims to maintain and improve water quality in the Southland

More information

CEE3430 Engineering Hydrology

CEE3430 Engineering Hydrology CEE3430 Engineering Hydrology Practice Exam (There are multiple practice questions here A 110 min test will likely not have more than four questions) 1. Water Balance Write the water balance as Δ Where

More information

Standards for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control in New Jersey May 2012 STANDARD FOR GRASSED WATERWAYS. Definition. Purpose

Standards for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control in New Jersey May 2012 STANDARD FOR GRASSED WATERWAYS. Definition. Purpose STANDARD FOR GRASSED WATERWAYS Definition A natural or constructed watercourse shaped or graded in earth materials and stabilized with suitable vegetation for the safe conveyance of runoff water. Purpose

More information

CHAPTER 3 STORMWATER HYDROLOGY. Table of Contents SECTION 3.1 METHODS FOR ESTIMATING STORMWATER RUNOFF

CHAPTER 3 STORMWATER HYDROLOGY. Table of Contents SECTION 3.1 METHODS FOR ESTIMATING STORMWATER RUNOFF CHAPTER 3 STORMWATER HYDROLOGY Table of Contents SECTION 3.1 METHODS FOR ESTIMATING STORMWATER RUNOFF 3.1.1 Introduction to Hydrologic Methods...3.1-1 3.1.2 Symbols and Definitions...3.1-3 3.1.3 Rainfall

More information

Definitions 3/16/2010. GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology

Definitions 3/16/2010. GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology Definitions Streamflow volume of water in a river passing a defined point over a specific time period = VxA discharge m 3 s -1 Runoff excess precipitation - precipitation

More information

Water Resources on PEI: an overview and brief discussion of challenges

Water Resources on PEI: an overview and brief discussion of challenges Water Resources on PEI: an overview and brief discussion of challenges Components: Components and links Atmospheric water Surface water (including glacial water) Groundwater Links: Precipitation (atm(

More information

GRASS-LINED CHANNEL (acre) CODE 840

GRASS-LINED CHANNEL (acre) CODE 840 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE ILLINOIS URBAN MANUAL PRACTICE STANDARD GRASS-LINED CHANNEL (acre) CODE 840 (Source: NC Erosion and Sediment Control Field Manual) DEFINITION A natural or constructed

More information

Hydrologic Cycle. Water Availabilty. Surface Water. Groundwater

Hydrologic Cycle. Water Availabilty. Surface Water. Groundwater Hydrologic Cycle Hydrologic ydoogccyce cycle Surface Water Groundwater Water Availabilty 1 Hydrologic Cycle Constant movement of water above, on, and, below the earth s surface (Heath) Endless circulation

More information

Overview of NRCS (SCS) TR-20 By Dr. R.M. Ragan

Overview of NRCS (SCS) TR-20 By Dr. R.M. Ragan Overview of NRCS (SCS) TR-20 By Dr. R.M. Ragan TR-20 is a computer program for the simulation of runoff occurring from a single storm event. The program develops flood hydrographs from runoff and routes

More information

Groundwater Hydrology

Groundwater Hydrology Groundwater Hydrology Þröstur Þorsteinsson Environment and Natural Resources, University of Iceland Why study groundwater? Important source of fresh water Large portion of the Earth s fresh water as groundwater

More information

GY 111 Lecture Note Series Groundwater and Hydrogeology

GY 111 Lecture Note Series Groundwater and Hydrogeology GY 111 Lecture Notes D. Haywick (2008-09) 1 GY 111 Lecture Note Series Groundwater and Hydrogeology Lecture Goals A) The hydrologic cycle B) Groundwater dynamics C) Mapping groundwater (done in class not

More information

Module 3. Lecture 4: Introduction to unit hydrograph

Module 3. Lecture 4: Introduction to unit hydrograph Lecture 4: Introduction to unit hydrograph (UH) The unit hydrograph is the unit pulse response function of a linear hydrologic system. First proposed by Sherman (1932), the unit hydrograph (originally

More information

Freshwater. 260 Points Total

Freshwater. 260 Points Total 9 SURFACE WATER SECTION 9.1 Surface Water Movement In your textbook, read about surface water and the way in which it moves sediment. Complete each statement. (13 points) 1. An excessive amount of water

More information

Chapter 3 Physical Factors Affecting Runoff

Chapter 3 Physical Factors Affecting Runoff Chapter 3 Physical Factors Affecting Runoff Copyright 2003 David G Tarboton, Utah State University CHAPTER 3: PHYSICAL FACTORS AFFECTING RUNOFF The general climatic regime controls the total volume of

More information

UNIT HYDROGRAPH AND EFFECTIVE RAINFALL S INFLUENCE OVER THE STORM RUNOFF HYDROGRAPH

UNIT HYDROGRAPH AND EFFECTIVE RAINFALL S INFLUENCE OVER THE STORM RUNOFF HYDROGRAPH UNIT HYDROGRAPH AND EFFECTIVE RAINFALL S INFLUENCE OVER THE STORM RUNOFF HYDROGRAPH INTRODUCTION Water is a common chemical substance essential for the existence of life and exhibits many notable and unique

More information

Module 10b: Gutter and Inlet Designs and Multiple Design Objectives

Module 10b: Gutter and Inlet Designs and Multiple Design Objectives Module 10b: Gutter and Inlet Designs and Multiple Design Objectives Bob Pitt University of Alabama and Shirley Clark Penn State Harrisburg Evening traffic plows through high water at the intersection of

More information

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Small Pond Approval. SWM MD-378 Pond Checklist Training 10/17/07. Exemptions EMBANKMENT HEIGHT. Height of Dam Weir Wall

ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Small Pond Approval. SWM MD-378 Pond Checklist Training 10/17/07. Exemptions EMBANKMENT HEIGHT. Height of Dam Weir Wall SWM MD-378 Pond Checklist Training 10/17/07 Ken Wolfe Warren Johnson USDA, NRCS Frederick, Maryland ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES Small Pond Approval MDE, WMA, Dam Safety Division Authority (COMAR 26.17.04.03)

More information

Issue paper: Aquifer Water Balance

Issue paper: Aquifer Water Balance Issue paper: Aquifer Water Balance 1. Introduction And Background 1.1. Purpose and Scope The population in Kitsap County has grown rapidly in recent years and is expected to increase substantially in the

More information

Determination of Design Infiltration Rates for the Sizing of Infiltration based Green Infrastructure Facilities

Determination of Design Infiltration Rates for the Sizing of Infiltration based Green Infrastructure Facilities Determination of Design Infiltration Rates for the Sizing of Infiltration based Green Infrastructure Facilities 1 Introduction This document, developed by the San Francisco Public Utilities Commission

More information

Water Beneath My Feet

Water Beneath My Feet Water Beneath My Feet www.ksagclassroom.org Water Beneath My Feet Grade Level: 3-5 Academic Area(s): Science, English, Language Arts and Social Studies Topic(s): Earth Science, Speaking and Listening,

More information

Design Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1. January 2009

Design Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1. January 2009 Design Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1 January 2009 This page is intentionally blank. Design Guideline for Gravity Systems in Soil Type 1 January 2009 For information or additional copies

More information

Rainwater harvesting for Aquifer Storage and Recovery - Case Studies in Goa

Rainwater harvesting for Aquifer Storage and Recovery - Case Studies in Goa Rainwater harvesting for Aquifer Storage and Recovery - Case Studies in Goa Dr. A.G. CHACHADI, Professor in Geology Department of Earth Science Goa University Goa 403 206 E-Mail: chachadi1@gmail.com CSE

More information

CACHE VALLEY STORM WATER DESIGN STANDARDS. As Amended by Logan City November 2010

CACHE VALLEY STORM WATER DESIGN STANDARDS. As Amended by Logan City November 2010 CACHE VALLEY STORM WATER DESIGN STANDARDS As Amended by Logan City November 2010 Updated November 2010 Table of Contents A. Definitions... 3 B. Design Requirements... 5 1. Storm Event... 5 2. Allowable

More information

Training on Roads for Water and Resilience

Training on Roads for Water and Resilience Training on Roads for Water and Resilience 1 DRAINAGE FROM UNPAVED ROADS Outline 3 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Introduction Important considerations Drainage management Surface drainage features Subsurface drainage

More information

1.6 Influence of Human Activities and Land use Changes on Hydrologic Cycle

1.6 Influence of Human Activities and Land use Changes on Hydrologic Cycle 1.6 Influence of Human Activities and Land use Changes on Hydrologic Cycle Watersheds are subjected to many types of changes, major or minor, for various reasons. Some of these are natural changes and

More information

Ponds. Pond A water impoundment made by excavating a pit, or constructing a dam or an embankment.

Ponds. Pond A water impoundment made by excavating a pit, or constructing a dam or an embankment. POND SITE SELECTION AND CONSTRUCTION Uses, Planning, & Design David Krietemeyer Area Engineer USDA-NRCS June 20, 2008 Uses Considerations for Location of Commonly Used Terms Pond A water impoundment made

More information

SOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

SOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE GEOLOGY 408/508 SOIL AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE CHAPTER 6 Brady & Weil, Rev. 14th ed. THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE (FIGURE 6.2) WATER BALANCE EQUATION Watershed - an area of land drained by a single stream system

More information

GLY 155 Introduction to Physical Geology, W. Altermann. Grotzinger Jordan. Understanding Earth. Sixth Edition

GLY 155 Introduction to Physical Geology, W. Altermann. Grotzinger Jordan. Understanding Earth. Sixth Edition Grotzinger Jordan Understanding Earth Sixth Edition Chapter 17: THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND GROUNDWATER 2011 by W. H. Freeman and Company Chapter 17 The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater 1 About the Hydrologic

More information

HYDROLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS. 22 nd Annual Nonpoint Source Pollution Conference Saratoga Springs, NY

HYDROLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS. 22 nd Annual Nonpoint Source Pollution Conference Saratoga Springs, NY LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT HYDROLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS 22 nd Annual Nonpoint Source Pollution Conference Saratoga Springs, NY May 18, 2011 PRESENTATION AGENDA Introduction Definitions Discuss Impacts to Hydrologic

More information

Stormwater Local Design Manual For Houston County, Georgia

Stormwater Local Design Manual For Houston County, Georgia Stormwater Local Design Manual For Houston County, Georgia Adopted November 15, 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. FORWARD... 1 2. GENERAL LEVEL OF SERVICE STANDARDS... 2 2.1. DETENTION REQUIREMENTS... 2 2.1.1.

More information

Drop Height For Channel Erosion Control

Drop Height For Channel Erosion Control Drop Height For Channel Erosion Control James C.Y. Guo, Professor and Director Department of Civil Engineering, U. of Colorado at Denver, Denver, Colorado 8017 E-mail: James.Guo@cudenver.edu Introduction

More information

the 2001 season. Allison brought high winds and street flooding to Houston, after

the 2001 season. Allison brought high winds and street flooding to Houston, after Module 10b: Gutter and Inlet Designs and Multiple Design Objectives Bob Pitt University of Alabama and Shirley Clark Penn State Harrisburg Evening traffic plows through high water at the intersection of

More information

APPENDIX A: STORMWATER HYDROLOGY

APPENDIX A: STORMWATER HYDROLOGY APPENDIX A: STORMWATER HYDROLOGY In low impact development (LID), the objective of stormwater control measures (SCMs) is to mimic or replicate the hydrologic function of a natural system. This approach

More information

CHAPTER FIVE Runoff. Engineering Hydrology (ECIV 4323) Instructors: Dr. Yunes Mogheir Dr. Ramadan Al Khatib. Overland flow interflow

CHAPTER FIVE Runoff. Engineering Hydrology (ECIV 4323) Instructors: Dr. Yunes Mogheir Dr. Ramadan Al Khatib. Overland flow interflow Engineering Hydrology (ECIV 4323) CHAPTER FIVE Runoff Instructors: Dr. Yunes Mogheir Dr. Ramadan Al Khatib Overland flow interflow Base flow Saturated overland flow ١ ٢ 5.1 Introduction To Runoff Runoff

More information

WATER AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE

WATER AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE WATER AND THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE Summary Water is essential for the support of life and can be considered as a fundamental environmental good. Water is needed to support human habitation, grow crops and

More information

Effect of the Underlying Groundwater System on the Rate of Infiltration of Stormwater Infiltration Structures.

Effect of the Underlying Groundwater System on the Rate of Infiltration of Stormwater Infiltration Structures. Effect of the Underlying Groundwater System on the Rate of Infiltration of Stormwater Infiltration Structures. Presented at: Storm Water Infiltration & Groundwater Recharge A Conference on Reducing Runoff

More information

7.0 GROUNDWATER AND STABILIZER TRANSPORT MODELING

7.0 GROUNDWATER AND STABILIZER TRANSPORT MODELING 7.0 GROUNDWATER AND STABILIZER TRANSPORT MODELING 7.1 Introduction The concept of passive site remediation is the slow injection of stabilizing materials at the up gradient edge of a site and delivery

More information

Sediment Basin. Fe= (Depends on soil type)

Sediment Basin. Fe= (Depends on soil type) 3.9 Sediment Control Description: A sediment basin is an embankment with a controlled outlet that detains stormwater runoff, resulting in the settling of suspended sediment. The basin provides treatment

More information

Hydrology Review, New paradigms, and Challenges

Hydrology Review, New paradigms, and Challenges Hydrology Review, New paradigms, and Challenges Intent quick introduction with emphasis on aspects related to watershed hydrochemistry and new paradigms Watershed / Catchment Definition Portion of landscape

More information

Uncertainty in Hydrologic Modelling for PMF Estimation

Uncertainty in Hydrologic Modelling for PMF Estimation Uncertainty in Hydrologic Modelling for PMF Estimation Introduction Estimation of the Probable Maximum Flood (PMF) has become a core component of the hydrotechnical design of dam structures 1. There is

More information

Hydrologic cycle, runoff process

Hydrologic cycle, runoff process Hydrologic cycle, runoff process Motivation of hydrological modelling What happens at the catchment and in the stream when it rains? How does the increased/decreased runoff affect (not only) the landowners

More information

6.0 Runoff. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Flood Control Design Runoff

6.0 Runoff. 6.1 Introduction. 6.2 Flood Control Design Runoff October 2003, Revised February 2005 Chapter 6.0, Runoff Page 1 6.1 Introduction 6.0 Runoff The timing, peak rates of discharge, and volume of stormwater runoff are the primary considerations in the design

More information

CLARK COUNTY REGIONAL FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT HYDROLOGIC CRITERIA AND DRAINAGE DESIGN MANUAL

CLARK COUNTY REGIONAL FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT HYDROLOGIC CRITERIA AND DRAINAGE DESIGN MANUAL CLARK COUNTY REGIONAL FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT HYDROLOGIC CRITERIA AND DRAINAGE DESIGN MANUAL SECTION 600 STORM RUNOFF TABLE OF CONTENTS 601 INTRODUCTION 603 601.1 - Basin Characteristics 603 602 TIME OF

More information

Afternoon Lecture Outline. Northern Prairie Hydrology

Afternoon Lecture Outline. Northern Prairie Hydrology Afternoon Lecture Outline 1. Northern Prairies watershed hydrology 2. Solute mass balance in lakes and ponds 3. Simple mass balance simulation using MS Excel 4. Effects of sediment-water exchange on lake

More information

Groundwater Balance Study in the High Barind, Bangladesh. A.H.M.Selim Reza 1, Quamrul Hasan Mazumder 1 and Mushfique Ahmed 1

Groundwater Balance Study in the High Barind, Bangladesh. A.H.M.Selim Reza 1, Quamrul Hasan Mazumder 1 and Mushfique Ahmed 1 Rajshahi University J. of Sci. 39, 11-26 (2011) ISSN 1681-0708 Groundwater Balance Study in the High Barind, Bangladesh A.H.M.Selim Reza 1, Quamrul Hasan Mazumder 1 and Mushfique Ahmed 1 1 Department of

More information

APPENDIX G HYDRAULIC GRADE LINE

APPENDIX G HYDRAULIC GRADE LINE Storm Drainage 13-G-1 APPENDIX G HYDRAULIC GRADE LINE 1.0 Introduction The hydraulic grade line is used to aid the designer in determining the acceptability of a proposed or evaluation of an existing storm

More information

HIGHWAY DRAINAGE.

HIGHWAY DRAINAGE. Chapter VI HIGHWAY DRAINAGE Tewodros N. www.tnigatu.wordpress.com tedynihe@gmail.com I. INTRODUCTION Provision o of adequate drainage is an essential part of pavement design. Protection of pavement structure

More information

Teacher Resources: Lesson 3: Groundwater. Lesson #3: Groundwater

Teacher Resources: Lesson 3: Groundwater. Lesson #3: Groundwater Teacher Resources: Lesson 3: Groundwater Lesson #3: Groundwater Main Ideas: Accounts (From the Water Upper Anchor V. 3) Structure of Systems: Water usually exists underground in the liquid state. Macroscopic

More information

Lift irrigation Using man or Animal power Using Mechanical or Electrical Power Flow irrigation a)inundation Irrigation b) Perennial Irrigation Direct

Lift irrigation Using man or Animal power Using Mechanical or Electrical Power Flow irrigation a)inundation Irrigation b) Perennial Irrigation Direct Lift irrigation Using man or Animal power Using Mechanical or Electrical Power Flow irrigation a)inundation Irrigation b) Perennial Irrigation Direct irrigation Storage irrigation a)flow irrigation system:

More information

DIVISION 5 STORM DRAINAGE CRITERIA

DIVISION 5 STORM DRAINAGE CRITERIA DIVISION 5 STORM DRAINAGE CRITERIA Section 5.01 GENERAL The following storm drainage design criteria shall apply to all storm drainage designs in the City. Additional design criteria are specified in the

More information

iswm TM Technical Manual Hydrology:

iswm TM Technical Manual Hydrology: : 1.0 2.0 Downstream Assessment 3.0 Streambank Protection 4.0 Water Balance 5.0 Rainfall Tables 6.0 Hydrologic Soils Data Table of Contents 1.0... HO-1 1.1 Estimating Runoff... HO-1 1.1.1 Introduction

More information

Water Balance Methodology

Water Balance Methodology Water Balance Methodology Integrating the Site with the Watershed and the Stream March 2012 An initiative under the umbrella of the Water Sustainability Action Plan for British Columbia Water Balance Methodology

More information

M. Tech Irrigation & Drainage Engineering

M. Tech Irrigation & Drainage Engineering M. Tech Irrigation & Drainage Engineering Basic Supporting Courses S. No. Course Code Course Title L-T-P Credits 1. MAS 701 Advanced Engineering Mathematics 3-1-0 4 2. MAS 711 Statistics I 2-0-1 3 3. COMP

More information

DRAINAGE DESIGN AND RUTTING PERFORMANACE GUIDELINES FOR PERMEABLE PAVEMENT

DRAINAGE DESIGN AND RUTTING PERFORMANACE GUIDELINES FOR PERMEABLE PAVEMENT DRAINAGE DESIGN AND RUTTING PERFORMANACE GUIDELINES FOR PERMEABLE PAVEMENT by Su Ling Cao Daryl Poduska Graduate Assistants Dan G. Zollinger Associate Professor Sponsored by The Uni-Group U.S.A. The Department

More information

The Returning Raindrop

The Returning Raindrop Did you know that some of the water molecules we drink today may have been around when dinosaurs walked the Earth thousands of years ago? Water is continuously recycling in a process called the hydrologic

More information

Standards for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control in New Jersey May 2012 STANDARD FOR RIPRAP. Conditions Where Practice Applies

Standards for Soil Erosion and Sediment Control in New Jersey May 2012 STANDARD FOR RIPRAP. Conditions Where Practice Applies STANDARD FOR RIPRAP Definition A layer of loose rock, aggregate, bagged concrete, gabions, or concrete revetment blocks placed over an erodible soil surface. Purpose The purpose of riprap is to protect

More information

Groundwater Flow Evaluation and Spatial Geochemical Analysis of the Queen City Aquifer, Texas

Groundwater Flow Evaluation and Spatial Geochemical Analysis of the Queen City Aquifer, Texas Groundwater Flow Evaluation and Spatial Geochemical Analysis of the Queen City Aquifer, Texas Abstract The Queen City Aquifer is a saturated sandstone unit in the coastal plain of East Texas. The goals

More information

ATTACHMENT 4: Design Calculations and Construction Details

ATTACHMENT 4: Design Calculations and Construction Details Pennsylvania Pipeline Project Erosion and Sediment Control Plan Southeast Region: Spread 6 November 2016 ATTACHMENT 4: Design Calculations and Construction Details Tetra Tech Pennsylvania Pipeline Project

More information

AQUIFERS OF THE SAN ANTONIO RIVER BASIN

AQUIFERS OF THE SAN ANTONIO RIVER BASIN AQUIFERS OF THE SAN ANTONIO RIVER BASIN OBJECTIVES Explain what an aquifer is Identify the major aquifers located in the San Antonio River Basin Explain the difference between porosity and permeability

More information

State-of-the-Practice Porous Asphalt Pavements. Kent R. Hansen, P.E. Director of Engineering National Asphalt Pavement Association

State-of-the-Practice Porous Asphalt Pavements. Kent R. Hansen, P.E. Director of Engineering National Asphalt Pavement Association State-of-the-Practice Porous Asphalt Pavements Kent R. Hansen, P.E. Director of Engineering National Asphalt Pavement Association Porous Pavements don t follow the rules Conventional Pavements Do every

More information

Green Infrastructure BMPs. Hydrologic Performance Small Storms

Green Infrastructure BMPs. Hydrologic Performance Small Storms Green Infrastructure BMPs Hydrologic Performance Small Storms Clay Emerson, Ph.D. Princeton Hydro Robert G. Traver, Ph.D., PE Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Villanova University Director,

More information

URBAN FLOODING: HEC-HMS

URBAN FLOODING: HEC-HMS 1.0 Introduction URBAN FLOODING: HEC-HMS -Sunil Kumar, Director, NWA All major ancient civilisations were developed in the river valleys because river served as source of water, food, transportation and

More information

Prepared for Urban Drainage and Flood Control District

Prepared for Urban Drainage and Flood Control District BERM FAILURE TECHNICAL ANALYSES SOUTH PLATTE GRAVEL PIT EVALUATION CRITERIA Prepared for Urban Drainage and Flood Control District Wright Water Engineers, Inc. January 2013 121-030.000 TABLE OF CONTENTS

More information

Surface Water and Non-Wetland Surface Waters Delineation and Classification pursuant Chapter F.A.C.

Surface Water and Non-Wetland Surface Waters Delineation and Classification pursuant Chapter F.A.C. Surface Water and Non-Wetland Surface Waters Delineation and Classification pursuant Chapter 62-340 F.A.C. What are Waters? 373.019 F.S. Definitions (20) Water or waters in the state means any and all

More information

Culvert Sizing procedures for the 100-Year Peak Flow

Culvert Sizing procedures for the 100-Year Peak Flow CULVERT SIZING PROCEDURES FOR THE 100-YEAR PEAK FLOW 343 APPENDIX A: Culvert Sizing procedures for the 100-Year Peak Flow A. INTRODUCTION Several methods have been developed for estimating the peak flood

More information

Page 1. Name:

Page 1. Name: Name: 7574-1 - Page 1 1) The diagram below shows the result of leaving an empty, dry clay flowerpot in a full container of water for a period of time. The water level in the container dropped to level

More information