Environmental Management Measures Design for Reducing Vehicular Air Pollution in Dhaka City. Environmental Management

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1 Environmental Management Measures Design for Reducing Vehicular Air Pollution in Dhaka City MGT 682 Environmental Management

2 INTRODUCTION According to The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates urban outdoor air pollution is causing 1.3 million deaths worldwide per year Air pollution is one of the major reasons for Dhaka to be ranked as second worst city in the world The lives of the city dwellers have been hampered due to air contamination, particularly vehicular air pollution and dust pollution

3 INTRODUCTION A recent study by BBS on Risk assessment of particulate matter and other causes of air pollution found that pollution is causing 74,000 cases of chronic bronchitis, about 70 million cases of restricted activity days about 14,000 cases of respiratory diseases over 286,000 emergency room visits about 2.8 million cases of asthma attacks and over 220 million respiratory symptom days each year in the capital alone pollution entails economic losses to 3-4 per cent of the country's national GDP

4 Major Pollutants and Health Effects Pollutants Particulate matter NO 2 CO SO 2 Ozone Health Effects Cardiopulmonary diseases, cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, lung cancer Respiratory illness & lung tissue damage Cardiovascular and coronary problems, increase risk of stroke and impair learning ability, dexterity and sleep Asthma and chronic bronchitis Interferes with respiratory functions reduced lung capacity

5 ANNUAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY TREND Particulate Matters Figure 1 Annual Average Ambient PM10 levels in Dhaka and Chittagong in (μg/m3) Figure 2 Annual Average Ambient PM2.5 levels in Dhaka and Chittagong in (μg/m3)

6 ANNUAL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY TREND NO 2 & SO 2 Figure 3: Seasonal Variations in NO 2 concentrations in Dhaka (PPB) Figure 4: Monthly SO 2 concentrations in Dhaka (PPB)

7 VEHICULAR AIR POLLUTION IN DHAKA CITY NUMBER OF YEARWISE REGISTERED MOTOR VEHICLES IN DHAKA Years Motor Car Motorcycle Bus Minibus Truck

8 VEHICULAR AIR POLLUTION IN DHAKA CITY PROBLEMS Lack of public transport Traffic congestion CNG price hike High bus fare Vehicular emission

9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES Reducing total transport demand Facilitating Public Transport Reducing emission Increasing demand for fuel efficient car Vehicle emission control Promotion of cleaner alternative fuel

10 Regulatory Economic Suasive ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES FACILITATING PUBLIC TRANSPORT - Restriction on registration of new motorcycles. - Establishing laws which will prohibit use of more than one car per family. - Parking fees for motorcycle - Higher taxes on private cars -Congestion charges - Higher price for gasoline - Lower CNG price for public transports - Reduce the operational costs of CNG run public transports -Public awareness creation -Education in schools and universities for use of public transport - Car Sharing

11 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES INCREASE DEMAND FOR FUEL EFFICIENT CARS Regulatory Restriction on importing environment damaging vehicles. Economic Incentive to sellers by charging lower import duties Incentive to buyers by charging lower tax rate & minimum registration fees Suasive Make people aware of the benefits of using a fuel efficient car (i.e., greener, cheaper, low repair cost etc.)

12 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES VEHICLE EMISSION CONTROL Regulatory Economic Tightening the emission standards Banning old vehicles from streets Strict schedule for inspection and maintenance Restriction on importing and distributing high sulfur diesel High import duty on diesel vehicles Higher taxes on low quality and old vehicles Grant subsidy for installing emission control devices Subsidy to facilitate phasing out low quality and old vehicles Suasive Encourage drivers to turn off their engine while they stuck in traffic

13 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT MEASURES PROMOTION OF LPG GAS

14 CONCLUSION Urban Planning Alternative form of Transport Investment on Automotive Industry Participation of all Stakeholders

15 THANK YOU!