EAPI 2017 in Numbers. 127 countries energy systems assessed $10.75 $6.79. Advanced economies

Transcription

1 EAPI 2017 in Numbers Selected indicators 127 countries energy systems assessed 18 0 indicators Top 20 used across performers 3 dimensions EAPI average of the energy triangle score Economic growth and development $10.75 Advanced $6.79 Emerging and developing Average GDP produced per unit of energy use 0.80 Advanced 0.65 ASEAN Average score for indicator on price of super gasoline Environmental sustainability 38% Top 20 performers 29% EAPI Average alternative and nuclear energy as percentage of total primary energy supply (including biomass and large scale hydropower) 569g CO 2 /kwh BRICs 375g CO 2 /kwh Advanced Average CO 2 emissions from electricity generation Energy access and security 69% of countries assessed are net energy importers EU28 cluster EAPI average MENA* cluster Average score for diversity of total primary energy supply indicator *MENA = Middle East and North Africa Regional Rankings Advanced Economies EAPI Score AVG = Switzerland Norway Sweden France Austria Spain Denmark Portugal Finland New Zealand Ireland Germany Slovak Republic Slovenia United Kingdom Luxembourg Iceland Canada Netherlands Italy Czech Republic Belgium Greece Singapore Korea, Rep. Japan Israel Australia Estonia Malta Cyprus United States AVG = Average EAPI score Global EAPI ranking

2 EAPI 2017 World Map EAPI Percentile Rank % High performers 80-90% 70-80% 60-70% 50-60% 40-50% 30-40% 20-30% Eu Euro high This adv of c 10-20% 0-10% Low performers Not covered United States The surge in shale gas and growing investment in renewables, especially solar, underscore strong energy access and security performance. However, a slip in rankings since last year reflects growing levels of energy intensity. Latin America and the Caribbean The region has mixed performance, with some notable high performers (Colombia, Uruguay, Costa Rica) as well as some countries on impressive improvement trajectories. They have made step changes in the ranks compared to the EAPI 2009 benchmark (Mexico, Jamaica, Nicaragua). Sub-Sa Low energ supply con across the easy task, are targete governmen lists of prio Emerging and Developing Europe Latin America and the Caribbean Commonwealth of Independent States Emergin AVG = AVG = AVG = Latvia Croatia Hungary Romania Albania Lithuania Poland Turkey Bulgaria Serbia Macedonia, FYR Bosnia and Herzegovina Colombia Uruguay Costa Rica Paraguay Peru Argentina Brazil Chile Mexico Panama El Salvador Cuba Dominican Republic Ecuador Guatemala Nicaragua Bolivia Honduras Jamaica Venezuela Trinidad and Tobago Haiti Azerbaijan Tajikistan Russian Federation Georgia Armenia Kazakhstan Ukraine Republic of Moldova Uzbekistan Belarus Kyrgyz Republic Turkmenistan Indonesia Sri Lanka Philippines Tha

3 Russian Federation rope pean countries dominate the top 20 est performers on the global index. strong result is underpinned by antages gained through a long history oordination between European nations. Vast energy resources continue to contribute to the Russian Federation s strong performance in energy security, although the country faces growing headwinds as sustained low oil prices erode this advantage. People's Republic of China India India is beginning to overcome some of its energy system's significant challenges, as reflected by the gradual improvement in its EAPI score since last year. The country faces an uphill battle to increase energy access and security. However, the government is acting on this, having committed to increase solar power capacity to 100 gigawatts by 2022, haran Africa which would make India a leader in renewable capacity. y access rates and poor quality of tinue to contribute to low performance cohort. Driving improvements will be no but billions of dollars worth of investment d at tackling this issue, and African ts are placing power at the top of their rities. Japan China is showing signs of tackling the significant challenges it faces to enable rapid growth of its energy sector while balancing the three sides of the energy triangle. The government is taking focused action across its energy system, including targets and measures to address air pollution and climate change. Japan has managed to turn around its declining performance on the EAPI for the first time in eight years. The country is beginning to overcome the long-lasting impact of the 2011 Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster on its energy sector. g and Developing Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East, North Africa and Pakistan AVG = AVG = EAPI 2016 AVERAGE = AVG = EAPI Score iland Vietnam Malaysia India China Brunei Darussalam Cambodia Bangladesh Mongolia Nepal Congo, Rep. Namibia Ghana South Africa Cameroon Kenya Zambia Botswana Mozambique Zimbabwe Cote d Ivoire Senegal Nigeria Togo Ethiopia Tanzania Benin Eritrea Morocco Tunisia Algeria Egypt, Arab Rep. Sudan Pakistan Libya Iraq United Arab Emirates Jordan Kuwait Qatar Iran, Islamic Rep. Saudi Arabia Oman Lebanon Yemen, Rep. Bahrain

4 Table of Rankings Economic growth and development Environmental sustainability Energy access and security Country 2017 score trend 2 Country 2017 score trend Switzerland Norway Sweden Denmark France Austria Spain Colombia New Zealand Uruguay Portugal Finland Slovenia Costa Rica United Kingdom Ireland Latvia Croatia Germany Slovak Republic Hungary Paraguay Luxembourg Romania Albania Iceland Peru Argentina Italy Brazil Czech Republic Canada Netherlands Belgium Lithuania Azerbaijan Poland Greece Singapore Chile Turkey Bulgaria Korea, Rep. Mexico Japan Tajikistan Panama Russian Federation El Salvador Indonesia Israel United States Australia Congo, Rep. Georgia Estonia Morocco Armenia Sri Lanka Philippines Cuba Kazakhstan Dominican Republic Thailand (+1) (-1) (+1) (+1) (-2) (+3) (+15) (-6) (+6) (=) (+6) (=) (+12) (+12) (+8) (+14) (+15) (+10) (-10) (-9) (+21) (-6) (-23) (+5) (-13) (-9) (-1) (+16) (+10) (+5) (+15) (-24) (+20) (-15) (+1) (+11) (+7) (-23) (-13) (+14) (-1) (+3) (-17) (+21) Tunisia Namibia Cyprus Ecuador Guatemala Serbia Malta Nicaragua Ukraine Ghana Macedonia, FYR South Africa Vietnam Bolivia Republic of Moldova Cameroon Algeria Honduras Kenya Bosnia and Herzegovina Uzbekistan Malaysia India Zambia Belarus Egypt, Arab Rep. Botswana Jamaica Sudan Kyrgyz Republic China Brunei Darussalam Venezuela Mozambique Cambodia Zimbabwe Pakistan Cote d Ivoire Senegal Bangladesh Libya Iraq United Arab Emirates Jordan Trinidad and Tobago Nigeria Togo Mongolia Nepal Ethiopia Kuwait Qatar Turkmenistan Haiti Tanzania Iran, Islamic Rep. Saudi Arabia Oman Eritrea Benin Lebanon Yemen, Rep. Bahrain (-18) (+13) (+3) (+23) (+6) (+10) (+21) (-8) (-28) (+18) (+5) (-15) (-12) (+24) (-25) (-1) (-11) (-32) (-8) (+16) (-8) (+11) (-26) (=) (-38) (-11) (-28) (=) (-8) (-19) (-6) (-10) (-17) (-14) (-17) (-23) (-22) (-6) Advanced Emerging and developing Europe Latin America and the Caribbean Commonwealth of Independent States Emerging and developing Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Middle East, North Africa and Pakistan Notes: For the EAPI 2017 methodology, see the methodological addendum at the end of this report. Country scores are rounded to two decimal places, but exact figures are used to determine rankings. Therefore, countries with the same EAPI score may have different rankings. 1 EAPI 2017 score on a scale of 0 to 1 2 Change in ranking versus the 2009 benchmark

5 Key Findings from the EAPI 2017 The results of the global EAPI 2017 highlight key trends in the energy transition under way around the world, as well as the challenges countries continue to face, individually and as cohorts. The key insights from the EAPI 2017 are: Top performers come in all shapes and sizes: While many of this year s top performers tend to be smaller countries, both in size of gross domestic product and population, and typically have advanced, a significant number of countries do not fit this mould. These exceptions demonstrate that few constraints are limiting high performance. In fact, top performers come in all shapes and sizes. Their many variations underscore the potential for any country to make improvements in providing secure, affordable and sustainable energy to its population, regardless of its context. European countries dominate the leader board: As in previous years, countries from Europe continue to hold many of the top 20 ranks on the EAPI, with the exceptions of Colombia (8th), New Zealand (9th), Uruguay (10th) and Costa Rica (14th). This strong performance is underpinned by advantages gained through a long history of coordination between European nations, which is a model for regional cooperation. These countries score particularly high on using market forces (reflected in low levels of price distortion) and on the diversity of their energy mix. However, many of them have significant room for improvement, especially in continuing to ensure security of supply given the low level of resource endowment across the continent. The world s biggest energy consumers are being outperformed: Major energy consumers continue to struggle to take leading positions on the EAPI. While showing strengths in certain areas, and early signs of strong trajectories in others, China (95th), India (87th), Japan (45th), the Russian Federation (48th) and the United States (52nd) have either slipped in the rankings since the EAPI 2009 benchmark or experienced only marginal gains. Their energy consumption dwarfs that of the highest-performing top 20. Big consumers need to intensify their efforts and overcome the inherent challenges of their large, complex energy systems; doing so will allow them to make a disproportionately positive impact on global energy architecture. With the world s energy markets underpinned by the global economy s performance, the global energy sector will continue to be challenged for as long as these countries some of the largest in the world have difficulty exceeding average performance. Top-ranked countries and the rest of the table exhibit a growing divide in performance: Since last year, the top 20 highest-performing countries have achieved twice the average increase in EAPI score compared to that of all other countries. This difference in improving performance reflects a further strengthening of energy sectors in countries already performing well, and an opportunity for other countries to understand these journeys more closely ultimately so that they can interpret these in the context of their own transitions.

6 Industry Agenda New Energy Architecture Report Series Since 2011, the World Economic Forum has been working on the New Energy Architecture initiative, in collaboration with Accenture, to better understand the changes under way in the global energy system, and how to enable the transition to a more affordable, sustainable and secure energy architecture. A core part of this work has been the development of the Energy Architecture Performance Index, which was first issued in An overview follows of related reports previously issued: Global Energy Architecture Performance Index Report 2016 Global Energy Architecture Performance Index 2016 The fourth edition of the Index benchmarked and ranked 126 countries globally on how well their energy systems perform across the three dimensions of the energy triangle, while providing in-depth analysis of the triangle s dimension on energy access and security. Global Energy Architecture Performance Index Report 2015 The third edition of the index benchmarked and ranked 125 countries on how well their energy systems deliver across the three dimensions of the energy triangle, while providing in-depth analysis on energy reforms in major emerging. Global Energy Architecture Performance Index Report 2014 The second edition of the index benchmarked and ranked 124 countries on how well their energy systems deliver across the three dimensions of the energy triangle, while providing in-depth analysis across different regions. Global Energy Architecture Performance Index Report 2013 The first edition of the index benchmarked and ranked 105 countries on how well their energy systems deliver economic growth and development, environmental sustainability, and energy access and security. New Energy Architecture: Enabling an effective transition (2012) The way energy is produced, distributed and consumed around the world is currently undergoing fundamental change of almost unprecedented scale. This report looked at pathways to create a more effective transition towards a new energy architecture. Acknowledgements The New Energy Architecture initiative is conducted under the World Economic Forum s Energy Industry Partnership in collaboration with Accenture, with support from the team responsible for the Forum s Global Competitiveness Report and key business, government and civil society constituents from the energy sector. The team would like to thank the chief expert advisers involved in this year s report David G. Victor, Professor of International Relations and Director of the Laboratory on International Law and Regulation at UC San Diego; Morgan Bazilian, Lead Energy Specialist, World Bank; Eirik Wærness, Senior Vice-President and Chief Economist, Statoil; and Davide Puglielli, Senior Manager, Strategy and Mergers and Acquisitions, Enel. We would also like to thank the International Energy Agency, the World Bank, the World Trade Organization and the German Federal Enterprise for International Cooperation as data contributors. About the World Economic Forum The World Economic Forum, committed to improving the state of the world, is the International Organization for Public-Private Cooperation. The Forum engages the foremost political, business and other leaders of society to shape global, regional and industry agendas. World Economic Forum route de la Capite CH-1223 Cologny/Geneva Switzerland Tel.: +41 (0) Fax: +41 (0) contact@weforum.org World Economic Forum 2017 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or Transmitted in any form or by any means, including Photocopying and recording, or by any information Storage and retrieval system. REF

7 Industry Agenda Global Energy Architecture Performance Index Report 2017

8 About the Energy Architecture Performance Index The global Energy Architecture Performance Index (EAPI) provides a tool for decision-makers to holistically benchmark nations energy systems. The EAPI aims to support governments and other stakeholders along the energy value chain in identifying the relative performance of elements of their energy systems, in order to determine areas of strength and opportunities for improvement. The EAPI is a composite index that measures the energy system performance of 127 countries. At its core are 18 indicators covering three main dimensions of energy systems: i) economic growth and development, ii) environmental sustainability, and iii) energy access and security. The EAPI provides a transparent and easily comparable set of measures that can help track progress and open new perspectives on the specific challenges faced by individual countries. In addition to global benchmarking, the EAPI puts the spotlight each year on a topical issue related to the index. The 2017 edition includes a special chapter on energy security. The full methodology behind the EAPI is available online at from growth Supports/detracts Intensity Fuel exports (% GDP) Super gasoline - level of price distortion through subsidy or tax Fuel imports (% GDP) GDP produced per unit of Affordability energy use Diesel - level of price distortion through subsidy or tax Diversification of import counterparts Self-sufficiency use) Energy imports (% of energy for industry Electricity prices Average fuel economy for passenger cars Energy Architecture Performance Index Diversity of total primary energy supply Diversity of supply Population using solid fuels for cooking PM2.5 emissions electricity supply CH 4 emissions total population from energy sector/ Quality of Emissions impact N 2 O emissions in energy sector/ total population CO 2 emissions from electricity production Alternative and nuclear energy Electrification rate Level and quality of access Ratio of low mix carbon fuels in the energy Economic growth and development This sub-index measures the extent to which a country s energy architecture adds or detracts from economic growth Environmental sustainability This sub-index measures the environmental impact of energy supply and consumption Energy access and security This sub-index measures the extent to which an energy supply is secure, accessible and diversified