Technologies, Solutions, and Applications

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Mark Gordon
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1 Technologies, Solutions, and Applications Radiation-based Density with GEN2000

2 Contents Leadership in Radiation-based Density 3 Principle of Operation 4 Models and Versions 5 Application Areas 6 2

3 Leadership in Radiation-based Density VEGA has a rich history in radiation-based measurement systems and nuclear product development. Originally developed as Ohmart brand products, the GEN2000 series of radiation-based measurement systems builds on years of application experience and successful installations to offer reliable measurement in the harshest of process conditions. VEGA and GEN2000 series is an industry standard for dependable measurement in the toughest environments. DSG for Density Measurement The DSG density detector features GEN2000 electronics and proves its versatility in numerous density and point level applications across many industries. The DSG provides reliable continuous measurement for pipelines and vessels, providing monitoring and control information direct to the control room. The detector is highly sensitive, minimizing the source activities required to produce an accurate measurement. Additional process variables, such as temperature and flow rate, can be input to the DSG to produce comprehensive measurements and additional monitoring, such as online mass flow. Certifications Radiation-based density instrumentation is designed for certification compliance with the following programs: ATEX Standard CSA FM GOST-R/B (Russia/Belarus) IECEx CEPEL/INMETRO (Brazil) JIS (Japan) KTL (Korea) NEPSI (China) CCE (India) Benefits of the DSG The DSG provides many measurable benefits: Real Time Process Control Measurement in real time allows for immediate feedback and continuous process control. Online Measurement Measurement of the product is made in the process pipeline [2 in (50 mm) to 36 in (813 mm)] directly; no sampling of the product is required to analyze density, eliminating the need for bypass piping. Low Maintenance & High Reliability Non-invasive to the process and with no moving parts, nuclear density gauging system provide reliable long term measurements. No parts that could foul, corrode, or wear are intrusive to the process. Measurement of Difficult & Extreme Process Materials Non-invasive nature of measurement allows use in process with high temperatures and pressures, corrosive and volatile materials or special non-invasive requirements. True Density Measurement Density is directly measured as mass in a given volume. Density measurement is not derived from another process variable prone to change differently from density, such as deflection, viscosity, or refractive properties. Low Total Installation Cost Bolt-on bracket systems require no piping intrusions or additions in the pipeline for installation in standard applications. 3

Principle of Operation Radiation-based measurement is non-contact; sensor components are unaffected by process pressure, temperature, or corrosive properties.

4 Principle of Operation Radiation-based measurement is non-contact; sensor components are unaffected by process pressure, temperature, or corrosive properties. In turn, the radiation passed through the process vessel does not affect the measured material. All systems can be mounted external to the vessel and do not require process downtime for installation. All systems with GEN2000 electronics operate on the same principle of radiation-based measurement. A source holder and detector are mounted on opposite sides of the process vessel or pipe. A cesium-137 or cobalt-60 isotope is the source of gamma radiation, and is passed as a collimated beam through the process vessel toward the detector. The gamma rays are dampened when penetrating the vessel wall and the medium. The detector on the opposite side of the tank infers the density based on the amount of radiation received. 4

Models & Versions DSG Radiation-based detector for point level and density measurement Output signals include 4 20 ma/hart or frequency Cast aluminum lightweight housing Measuring Range:

Standard pipe mounting bracket set for a flexible and convenient installation May be installed with the process running Provides flexible mounting for a wide range of source holders and accessories

5 Models & Versions DSG Radiation-based detector for point level and density measurement Output signals include 4 20 ma/hart or frequency Cast aluminum lightweight housing Measuring Range: Application-specific Ambient Temperature: F ( C); extended temperature range available Enclosure Rating: NEMA 4X, IP 66 Standard Approvals: ATEX, CSA, FM, GOST-R Bracket Set B1 Standard pipe mounting bracket set for a flexible and convenient installation May be installed with the process running Provides flexible mounting for a wide range of source holders and accessories Optional support lugs distribute weight to external supports Pipe Sizes: Construction: 2 14" Steel Bracket Set B2 Large bracket set for flexible and convenient installation May be installed with the process running Provides flexible mounting for a wide range of source holders and accessories Designed to fit individual pipe sizes to reduce weight Pipe Sizes: Construction: 16 36" Steel 5

6 Density Application Areas The DSG measures the density, or mass per unit volume, of liquids and slurries contained in pipes or process vessels. The non-contact, radiation-based measurement principle is unaffected by product viscosity or other properties. The DSG is capable of measuring density and point level, monitoring percent solids, and tracking an interface level, making the DSG an ideal detector in many industries. Slurry Flow To ensure that a process is running at optimum capacity, mining facilities require accurate tracking of percent solids in their slurry pipelines. A DSG reliably monitors the amount of radiation seen from its paired source holder, and translates that into a percent solids output. Density detector continuously reports percent solids measurement Lightweight detector system reduces mounting requirements Non-contact measurement is unaffected by abrasive process properties, greatly reducing maintenence needs Flue Gas Scrubber Accurate tracking of the lime slurry pipeline in a fossil fuel power plant s scrubber system is imperative to reduce sulfur dioxide emissions. The DSG tracks the density of the lime slurry in the pipeline to maintain the efficiency of the scrubbing process. No moving parts vastly reduces maintenance requirements Reliable density measurement is produced, even under extreme process conditions 6

Accurate, online density measurement is powerful information, providing you with the knowledge necessary to run your process at its maximum potential.

7 Accurate, online density measurement is powerful information, providing you with the knowledge necessary to run your process at its maximum potential. Mass Flow Measuring mass flow into grinding or milling circuits is a key control application in a mining facility. The DSG density detector mounts externally, and accurately measures the mass flow in the pipeline when paired with a flow meter. This allows the operator to maintain optimum ore flow into the grinder or mill, maximizing the unit s output potential. Density measurement is non-invasive to the process Non-moving parts are immune to buildup and other maintenance issues Oil Pipeline Monitoring petroleum product cuts in the oil pipeline is critical to ensure product quality and proper downstream handling of the product. The DSG monitors the density of the product in the pipeline, providing the operator with notification of product changes. Proper control procedures can then be taken to handle, classify, and store the product for later use. Non-contact measurement is unaffected by harsh process characteristics Measurement system easily mounts on pipeline with a bracket system 7

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Measuring Bulk Solids on a Conveyor

Measuring Bulk Solids on a Conveyor A comparison of the two main ways to measure mass flow of bulk solids on conveyors. Many industrial operations need to make mass flow measurements of dry bulk solid materials on conveyor belts, and on