After Care of Mines in France

Transcription

1 After Care of Mines in France 5 October 20 International Committee on Contaminated Land

2 - Historical mining activity in France - A few events brought political changes and a new organisation to deal with the environmental damages caused by mining activities - An example of action, the inventory of historical deposits of mining waste and tailings > 2

3 Mining History Somes mines started during the roman era (lead in St Laurent le Minier) Important activity in the 9th et 20th century Last shutdown of Uranium mine : 200 Last shutdown of Potassium : 2002 Last shutdown of Coal mine : 2004 Last >

4 Historical heritage Coal in Region «Nord Pas de calais» : billions t of coal extracted - 56 shafts 26 deposits km of galeries Coal and iron in Region «Lorraine» : km of galeries and 5 shafts Coal and metalic mines in Center and South : horizontal mine openings and 00 shafts > 4

5 Hazards posed by closed mines - Sudden crush of falling earth ; Commune de THIL Fontis de 946 Vue du fontis depuis le fond >5

6 Hazards posed by closed mines (2) - progressive earth movements ; > 6

7 Pollutions of water and soils Pollution of water Carnoules, (Pb, Zn) Acid mine drainage 7 - Chizeuil (Fe, Cu) > 7

8 Poisonous or explosive mining gases accumulation (CO2, CH4) 2 4 Fracturation induite Niveau hydrostatique - Zone d exploitation 4 Mine openings 2 Fractures Permeable Covering lands 4 Exhaure water (dissolved gas)

9 Organisation to deal with hazards posed by closed mines Government - Establish the policy - funds the operators DREAL MEDDTL GEODERIS : Expert For the Government - studies - maps - investigate mining damage BRGM : operational management - Realise Safety work - survey and control

10 The inventory of abandoned deposits of waste of tailings - Requirement of directive 2006/2 CE of 5 March 2006 Article 20 : Member States shall ensure that an inventory of closed waste facilities, including abandoned waste facilities, located on their territory which cause serious negative environmental impacts or have the potential of becoming in the medium or short term a serious threat to human health or the environment is drawn up and periodically updated. Such an inventory, to be made available to the public, shall be carried out by May 202, taking into account the methodologies as referred to in Article 2, if available. The Ministry for the Environment asked GEODERIS in 2009 to define a methodology to establish the inventory of «Article 20 deposit sites», based on studies in existing documents and visits on site. > 0

11 Nature of the residue (waste extraction or waste produced by the treatment of the ore) Class of waste Digging waste from operation (high granumometry) type or 2 Digging waste from operation (high granulometry) type, treatment residues (low granumometry) type Digging waste from operation (high granulometry) type with AMD, treatment residues for operation type 2 Low granulometry residues for operation type Chemical treatment residues, classe 4 with AMD Mark 5 0 >

12 Types of operation Type Iron (other than pyrites) Coal (low sulfide concentration) Sulfur Potassium chloride Salt Type 2 Bitume Phosphate Bauxite Gold (secondary treatment) Coal (high sulfide concentration) Type Copper, lead, zinc, nickel, cobalt, chromium Silver Gold (primary treatment) Pyrites Arsenic fluorine Mercury > 2

13 Volume of the deposits Volume of the deposits Mark <500 m 500 m m 5000 m m m m 0 >

14 Potential toxicity of substances in the deposits (for human beings) Volume of the deposit Nature of the residue > 4

15 Potential Transfer - Potential of tranfer in - Water table - Rivers and lakes - Air - Soil - Parameters - Vegetalisation of the deposit - Slope of the deposit - Gullies - Granulometry of the residues - Distance from rivers and lakes - => Assessment of the potential transfer > 5

16 Exposition roots : Potential exposition (Target) Soil, Air Water Cattle (Is there grassland or pasture land in the vincinity of the deposit Cultivation vegetable garden Parameters - Accessibility to the site - vegetalisation rate - Sensibility of the use of watertable - distance from wells, cattle or cultivation => Evaluation of the potential exposition > 6

17 The methodology of identification is based on the different potential Evaluation of the criteria Potential of transfer Potential of exposition Source Exposition pathways Target > 7

18 Conclusion The environmental impact of old mining activities is controled by public organisations and the ministry of Ecology GEODERIS has defined a methodology to draw out an inventory of potentialy dangerous closed deposits of mining waste And the inventory is still in preparation, but nearly 0 deposits should be identified as needing survey and may be remediation actions >