Groundwater and surface water: a single resource. Santa Cruz River, Tucson
|
|
- Amelia McKenzie
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Groundwater and surface water: a single resource Santa Cruz River, Tucson
2 Groundwater basics Groundwater is water found within the pore spaces of geologic material beneath the surface of the Earth. It exists in saturated layers of sands and gravels, in certain types of clay material, and in cracks within crystalline rock. -Cech, 2002 Are all pore spaces created equal? 2
3 Porosity in different sediments. A. A porosity of 30 percent in a reasonably well-sorted sediment. B. A porosity of 15 percent in a poorly sorted sediment in which fine grains fill spaces between larger grains. C. Reduction in porosity in an otherwise very porous sediment due to cement that binds grains together. 3
4 Pore Spaces Sand Grav el A B C Clay D E F Typical grain packing showing: A and B) well sorted, well rounded grains; C) poorly sorted, well rounded grains; D) moderately well sorted, angular grains; E) platy uncompressed grains; and F) platy compressed grains. Ferre,
5 Typically, the water table separates the zone of aeration (vadose zone) from the saturated zone and fluctuates in level with seasonal changes in precipitation. Corresponding fluctuations are seen in the water level in wells that penetrate the water table. Lakes, marshes, and streams occur where the water table intersects the land surface. In shape, the water table is a subdued imitation of the overlying land surface. 5
6 Simplified View Components of subsurface water: Which way will water flow? 6
7 Groundwater Recharge Precipitation and surface water infiltrate below ground until intercepted by plant roots or slowed down by a less permeable material such as clay, shale or bedrock. This naturally occurring process of downward water migration that reaches the groundwater table is called groundwater recharge. Cech,
8 Aquifers An aquifer is a water-bearing geologic formation that can store and yield usable amounts of water. Latin orgin: aqua = water ferre = to bear or carry -Cech,
9 Aquifer terms Unconfined aquifer = Aquifer with no confining bed of material between the saturated zone and the land surface. Water table = the surface of the unconfined aquifer Confined aquifer = Aquifer that is overlain by a confining bed of geologic material Cech,
10 10
11 Aquifer terms Permeability = the measure of the ability of a material to transmit fluids through it. Wikipedia, 2006 Aquitard = Geologic material with a relatively low permeability that yields low amounts of groundwater. - Freeze & Cherry, 1979 Examples: clay and bedrock Aquiclude = Impermeable geologic material that prevents groundwater movement. - Cech, 2002 Examples: highly compacted clays & bedrock 11
12 Basin and Range Aquitard Aquifer Aquiclude B. Scarborough, Desert Museum, 2002 capp.water.usgs.gov/gwa/ch_c/c-basin.html 12
13 Confined Aquifer Aquitard 13
14 Confined aquifer versus unconfined aquifer (plus respective water elevations in wells) Water elevation in unconfined aquifer wells = water table elevation Unconfined Aquifer Water table 14
15 The High Plains aquifer is an example of an unconfined aquifer. A. This section across southeastern Wyoming and central Nebraska shows the eastward slope of the water table and the relation of the aquifer to underlying rock units. 15
16 Aquifer QUIZ! What is this level called? a) Unsaturated What zone is zone this? b) Saturated What zoneis this? c) This is called? d) This is called? a.k.a. Aquitard what? Name of well is? 16
17 Aquifer QUIZ! What is this Water Table level called? a) Unsaturated What zone is zone this? b) Saturated What zoneis this? c) Unconfined This is called? d) This Confined is called? a.k.a. Aquitard what? Name Artesian of wellis? 17
18 Formation of cone of depression Note: only occurs in unconfined aquifer 18
19 How does groundwater flow? 19
20 Flow: Elevation Pressure, head No Flow Flow 20
21 How does groundwater flow? Above ground: Water flows downhill! Below ground: Water flows down gradient Groundwater naturally moves to lower elevations due to the force of gravity. However, the direction and rate of movement are determined by lithology, stratigraphy, and structure of geologic deposits. Cech,
22 Darcy Flow and Conductivity Q h --- = -k * A l Freeze & Cherry, 1979 Q = flow K = hydraulic conductivity h = hydraulic head = elevation + pressure l = length A = cross-sectional area Factors that affect flow or conductivity Sediments and their packing (permeability) Fluid properties such as viscosity and density Orders of magnitude of K (m/s) Clay ~ 10-12, Slit ~ 10-8, Sand ~ 10-4, Gravel ~
23 Permeability Relative Permeability Pervious Semi-Pervious Impervious Unconsolidated Sand & Gravel Well Sorted Gravel Well Sorted Sand or Sand & Gravel Very Fine Sand, Silt, Loess, Loam Unconsolidated Clay & Organic Peat Layered Clay Unweathered Clay Consolidated Rocks Highly Fractured Rocks Oil Reservoir Rocks Fresh Sandstone Fresh Limestone, Dolomite Fresh Granite -Wikipedia, 2006 and Bear, Jacob, Dynamics of Fluids in Porous Media, Dover. 23
24 Groundwater and surface water: Travel times 24
25 Geology break: stream cross-section More simply: bench terrace stream 25
26 Recharge in mountain areas Water from mountaintop precipitation can follow several pathways: A. Infiltration (slowest) B. Transport in shallow water zone C. Overland flow (fastest) 26
27 Water Tables & Flow Contouring groundwater from well data how do hydrologists know which way water is flowing? Location of wells in map view (above) Contours of equal hydraulic head may be drawn from water levels in wells Flow lines are perpendicular to countour lines 27
28 Interactions: Gaining Streams Gaining streams streams that receive water from the groundwater system Contour plot of a gaining stream This can be determined from water-table contour maps because the contour lines point in the upstream direction where they cross the stream 28
29 Interactions: Losing streams Losing streams streams that lose water to the groundwater system Contour plot of a losing stream can be determined from watertable contour maps because the contour lines point in the downstream direction where they cross the stream 29
30 Groundwater-surface water interactions Influence of increased surface water flow on groundwater During high flow, stream water moves into the unsaturated portion of the stream banks as bank storage 30
31 Groundwater-surface water interactions Impact of increased surface water flow A. Initially gaining stream B. Flooding causes stream to rise, bank storage occurs C. Additional bank storage water recharges groundwater (losing conditions) increasing height of the water table 31
32 Human impacts on groundwatersurface water resources 32
33 Development of sinkholes, subsidence Sinkhole in Florida caused by overpumping of groundwater for irrigation Subsidence fissure in Arizona caused by groundwater pumping 33
34 Subsidence WRRC, University of Arizona,
35 Impacts: Groundwater-stream interactions Drawdown of aquifer causes Santa Cruz River to dry out and destroys riparian vegetation along stream banks 35
36 Impact: Groundwater / surface water interactions Gaining stream: g.w. discharges into stream naturally Installation of a well and pumping may intercept water discharging to stream Increased pumping rates may draw water from the stream itself, creating losing stream conditions 36
37 GW-SW interaction - San Pedro Natural cycle: groundwater recharges river Today: increased groundwater withdrawls influence stream 37
38 Impact: pollution GW flow dir 38
39 Impact: saltwater intrusion Coastal areas: freshwater flows over saltwater because it is less dense Large draw downs of aquifers can cause underlying saltwater to migrate upwards into wells 39
Groundwater basics. Groundwater and surface water: a single resource. Pore Spaces. Simplified View
Groundwater and surface water: a single resource Santa Cruz River, Tucson Groundwater basics Groundwater is water found within the pore spaces of geologic material beneath the surface of the Earth. It
More informationGroundwater. Importance of Groundwater. The Water Table. Geol 104: Groundwater
Groundwater Subsurface water contained in soil and bedrock. There is ~ 60 times as much water underground than in freshwater streams and lakes. Source of groundwater is rain and snow. Represents the infiltration
More informationGroundwater 3/16/2010. GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology
GG22A: GEOSPHERE & HYDROSPHERE Hydrology Definitions Groundwater Subsurface water in soil or rock that is fully saturated. Aquifer Contains enough saturated material to yield significant quantities of
More informationGeneral Groundwater Concepts
General Groundwater Concepts Hydrologic Cycle All water on the surface of the earth and underground are part of the hydrologic cycle (Figure 1), driven by natural processes that constantly transform water
More informationMovement and Storage of Groundwater The Hydrosphere
Movement and Storage of Groundwater The Hydrosphere The water on and in Earth s crust makes up the hydrosphere. About 97 percent of the hydrosphere is contained in the oceans. The water contained by landmasses
More informationCHAPTER 13 OUTLINE The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater. Hydrologic cycle. Hydrologic cycle cont.
CHAPTER 13 OUTLINE The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater Does not contain complete lecture notes. To be used to help organize lecture notes and home/test studies. Hydrologic cycle The hydrologic cycle is
More informationIntroduction to Groundwater
Introduction to Groundwater Unit Essential Questions: How does the Earth cycle its water through its major reservoirs? How does society s use of resources affect water quality? Presentation Objectives:
More informationglobal distribution of water!
groundwater! hydrologic cycle! 2 global distribution of water! Source Volume Percent Ocean 97.2000 Glaciers and other ice 2.1500 Ground Water 0.6100 Lakes fresh 0.0090 saline 0.0080 Soil Moisture 0.0050
More informationGroundwater Earth 9th Edition Chapter 17 Mass wasting: summary in haiku form Importance of groundwater Importance of groundwater
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Groundwater Earth 9 th Edition Chapter 17 Geology 100 Mass wasting: summary in haiku form The grass is greener over the septic system said Erma Bombeck. Importance of groundwater
More informationHydrologic Cycle. Rain Shadow:
Hydrologic Cycle The cyclical movement of water from the ocean to the atmosphere by evaporation, to the surface through precipitation, to streams through runoff and groundwater, and back to the ocean.
More informationGroundwater. Groundwater Movement. Groundwater Movement Recharge: the infiltration of water into any subsurface formation.
On March 22, 2014, a major landslide occurred near Oso, Washington. Death toll currently at 30, with 15 still missing. Groundwater Before and After Swipe http://bit.ly/pen1jt N. Fork Stillaguamish River
More informationGroundwater. Chapter 10 11/22/2011. I. Importance of groundwater
Groundwater Chapter 10 I. Importance of groundwater A. Groundwater is water found in the pores of soil and sediment, plus narrow fractures in bedrock B. Where is fresh water - 2 % of all water is fresh
More informationHydrogeology 101 3/7/2011
Hydrogeology 101 W. Richard Laton, Ph.D., PG, CPG Associate Professor of Hydrogeology California State University, Fullerton Department of Geological Sciences 1 Hydrogeology 101 The objective is to obtain
More informationIntroduction to Groundwater Science
Introduction to Groundwater Science Laila Kasuri LUMS - WIT Overview Groundwater Hydrology and Basic Terms Groundwater Movement and Flow Groundwater Challenges Groundwater Management What is Groundwater
More informationThe Hydrologic Cycle (with emphasis on groundwater)
The Hydrologic Cycle (with emphasis on groundwater) The Hydrologic Cycle (viewed in series of steps) 1. Water evaporates from bodies of surface water and from land 2. As moist air is lifted, it cools and
More informationENGINEERING HYDROLOGY
ENGINEERING HYDROLOGY Prof. Rajesh Bhagat Asst. Professor Civil Engineering Department Yeshwantrao Chavan College Of Engineering Nagpur B. E. (Civil Engg.) M. Tech. (Enviro. Engg.) GCOE, Amravati VNIT,
More informationOUTLINE OF PRESENTATION
GROUNDWATER?? OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION What is groundwater? Geologic investigation Definitions: aquifer and aquitard, unconfined and semi-confined Water level and interpretation of water level data Well
More informationGround Water Chapter 11
Ground Water Chapter 11 How does water get underground? How is water stored underground? How does water move? How do we find it? Why we need to protect it. Lake Powell. Water levels are decreasing every
More informationGroundwater Hydrology
Groundwater Hydrology Þröstur Þorsteinsson Environment and Natural Resources, University of Iceland Why study groundwater? Important source of fresh water Large portion of the Earth s fresh water as groundwater
More information7/3/2018. Groundwater
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Groundwater Earth Chapter 17 Chapter 17 Groundwater Importance of Groundwater Groundwater is water found in the pores of soil and sediment, plus narrow fractures in bedrock Groundwater
More informationGroundwater Occurrence & Movement: An Introductory Discussion with Application to Northeastern Illinois
Groundwater Occurrence & Movement: An Introductory Discussion with Application to Northeastern Illinois H. Allen Wehrmann, P.E., Director Center for Groundwater Science Illinois State Water Survey April
More informationTopic 3, Subtopic A of Review Handbook or Chapter 10 of Earth Science Book. 97% of Earth s water is found as saltwater in Earth s oceans.
Topic 3, Subtopic A of Review Handbook or Chapter 10 of Earth Science Book Groundwater 97% of Earth s water is found as saltwater in Earth s oceans. That leaves only 3% for freshwater! But 90% of the freshwater
More informationThe Hydrosphere: Lecture 8: Groundwater. Paul R. Houser,27 March 2012, Page 1
The Hydrosphere: Lecture 8: Groundwater Paul R. Houser,27 March 2012, Page 1 Groundwater How is groundwater formed? What are the zones of subsurface water and their characteristics? What is a water table,
More informationLecture 20: Groundwater Introduction
Lecture 20: Groundwater Introduction Key Questions for Groundwater 1. What is an aquifer? 2. What is an unconfined aquifer? 3. What is groundwater recharge? 4. What is porosity? What determines the magnitude
More informationUnderstanding Earth Fifth Edition
Understanding Earth Fifth Edition Grotzinger Jordan Press Siever Chapter 17: THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND GROUNDWATER Lecturer: H Mohammadzadeh Assistant professors, Department of Geology, FUM Copyright 2007
More information1. Apply knowledge of the controlling variables for groundwater flow. 2. Demonstrate groundwater flow direction based on hydraulic head observations.
.9-12 HYDRAULIC HEAD SUBJECTS: TIME: Science (Physical Science, Physics), Math 1 class period MATERIALS: Copies of student sheets and background information OBJECTIVES The student will do the following:
More informationCHAPTER ONE OCCURRENCE OF GROUNDWATER
CHAPTER ONE OCCURRENCE OF GROUNDWATER 1.1 Introduction Groundwater is water that exists in the pore spaces and fractures in rocks and sediments beneath the Earth s surface. It originates as rainfall or
More informationTiming Key Narrative Snapshots a) 00:44 How does groundwater recharge occur? How do streams form?
Module 4 Narration: Runoff and Recharge Timing Key Narrative Snapshots a) 00:44 How does groundwater recharge occur? How do streams form? These processes are closely linked. Lets first investigate how
More informationIntroduction to Groundwater. Photo: Joanne Offer/The IRC
Introduction to Groundwater Photo: Joanne Offer/The IRC Groundwater Groundwater is water that has permeated or percolated into the ground. It is an important part of the water cycle. Groundwater is an
More informationFACT FLASH. 5: Groundwater. What is groundwater? How does the ground store water? Fact Flash 5: Groundwater
FACT FLASH 5: Groundwater What is groundwater? Groundwater is fresh water (from rain or melting ice and snow) that soaks into the soil and is stored in the tiny spaces (pores) between rocks and particles
More informationEast Maui Watershed Partnership Adapted from Utah State University and University of Wisconsin Ground Water Project Ages 7 th -Adult
INTRODUCTION What is groundwater? Water contained in saturated soil and rock materials below the surface of the earth. It is not NEW water, but is recycled water through the hydraulic cycle. The source
More informationScience Olympiad. Mentor Invitational Hydrogeology ANSWER KEY. Name(s): School Name: Point Totals
Science Olympiad Mentor Invitational Hydrogeology ANSWER KEY Team Number: Raw Score: Rank: Name(s): School Name: Point Totals Possible Part 1: Groundwater Concepts and Vocabulary 30 Part 2: The Hydrogeology
More informationIntroduction. Welcome to the Belgium Study Abroad Program. Courses:
Introduction Welcome to the Belgium Study Abroad Program Courses: AGSM 335: Soil and Water Management BAEN 460: Principals of Environmental Hydrology BAEN 460 / AGSM 335 Combined lecture and HW sessions
More informationUniversity of Arizona Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Dr. Marek Zreda
University of Arizona Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Dr. Marek Zreda HWR431/531 - Hydrogeology Final exam - 12 May 1997 Open books and notes The test contains 8 problems on 7 pages. Read the
More informationFundamental of Groundwater Hydrology. Ted Way
Fundamental of Groundwater Hydrology Ted Way Outline Hydrologic cycle Aquifers Basic groundwater equations Well drilling and completion Groundwater level and velocity Definition of key hydrologic parameters
More informationHydrologic Cycle. Water Cycle. Groundwater
Water Cycle, Groundwater, Water Pollution Hydrologic Cycle Distribution/Cycle Animation http://www.mnforsustain.org/water_climate_global_water_cycle_study.htm Water Cycle 86% of evaporation from sea surface
More informationEES 1001 Lab 9 Groundwater
EES 1001 Lab 9 Groundwater Water that seeps into the ground, and is pulled down by gravity through void spaces (*see below) in the soil and bedrock eventually percolates down to a saturated zone, a water-logged
More informationGROUNDWATER & SGMA 101
GROUNDWATER & SGMA 101 Santa Cruz Mid-County GSA Public Orientation Workshop #1 Presenter: Derrik Williams, HydroMetrics Water Resources Inc. Thursday, October 5, 2017 Session Objectives 1. Understanding
More informationSOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS
SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY GROUND WATER HYDRAULICS, Zerihun Alemayehu GROUNDWATER Groundwater takes 0.6% of the total water in the hydrosphere 0.31% of the total water in the hydrosphere has depth less than
More informationRiver Channel Characteristics
River Channel Characteristics Storages and Transfers in Drainage Basins Precipitation Evapotranspiration SURFACE STORAGE INTERCEPTION STORAGE CHANNEL STORAGE Soil Moisture Storage Aeration Zone Storage
More informationThe Hydrogeology Challenge: Water for the World TEACHER S GUIDE
The Hydrogeology Challenge: Water for the World TEACHER S GUIDE Why is learning about groundwater important? 95% of the water used in the United States comes from groundwater. About half of the people
More informationGroundwater Occurrence & Movement:
Groundwater Occurrence & Movement: An Introductory Discussion with Application to East-Central Illinois East-Central Illinois Regional Water Supply Planning Committee July 27, 2007 Allen Wehrmann, P.E.,
More informationStorage and Flow of Groundwater
Storage and Flow of Groundwater Aquifer AQUIFER (in Greek)= AQUA (water) + FERRE (to bear) Aquifer- a saturated geological formation which will yield sufficient quantity of water to wells and springs Underground
More informationGroundwater Flow Demonstration Model Activities for grades 4-12
Groundwater Flow Demonstration Model Activities for grades 4-12 NR/WQ/2012-5 SET-UP Please allow time to practice using the groundwater model before conducting demonstrations. 1. Remove the groundwater
More informationGroundwater Hydrology
University of California, Davis Department of Land, Air and Water Resources Hopland Research and Extension Center Groundwater Hydrology Workshop: Impact of Drought on Livestock Oct/2014 Sam Sandoval, PhD
More informationGroundwater Level and Movement
Groundwater Level and Movement Infiltration and Recharge Infiltration Entry of rain water into the ground. Recharge Addition of infiltrated water to the aquifer. Two types of Recharge- 1. Natural 2. Artificial
More informationLecture Notes on Groundwater Hydrology. Part 1
Lecture Notes on Groundwater Hydrology Part 1 1 1. Basic concepts and definitions 1.1 Aquifer, Aquitard, Aquiclude and Aquifuge Aquifer is a word produced from two Latin words: Aqua, which means water
More information4. Groundwater Resources
4. Groundwater Resources 4-1 Majority (97 %) of unfrozen fresh water on earth exists as groundwater. In comparison to surface water, - groundwater is available all year around - groundwater is mostly invisible
More informationHydrogeology of Prince Edward Island
Hydrogeology of Prince Edward Island General Characteristics and Groundwater on Prince Edward Island General Characteristics and Key Issues Issues PEI Dept. of Environment, Energy and Forestry 9/29/2009
More informationGY 111 Lecture Note Series Groundwater and Hydrogeology
GY 111 Lecture Notes D. Haywick (2008-09) 1 GY 111 Lecture Note Series Groundwater and Hydrogeology Lecture Goals A) The hydrologic cycle B) Groundwater dynamics C) Mapping groundwater (done in class not
More informationTrue False Click and Drag Artesian wells are naturally under pressure and require no additional pumps to get the water out of the ground.
True False Click and Drag Artesian wells are naturally under pressure and require no additional pumps to get the water out of the ground. Groundwater recharge is the water from infiltration Groundwater
More informationFLOW IN POROUS MEDIA LUÍS RIBEIRO INSTITUTO SUPERIOR TECNICO UNIVERSITY OF LISBON
FLOW IN POROUS MEDIA LUÍS RIBEIRO INSTITUTO SUPERIOR TECNICO UNIVERSITY OF LISBON Where does groundwater flow? How water flows? Groundwater moves from areas of high hydraulic head to areas of low hydraulic
More informationA Primer on Groundwater
Anderson, 2007 A Primer on Groundwater Brian Smerdon, Alberta Geological Survey North Saskatchewan Watershed Alliance Groundwater Forum, 27 February 2019 Groundwater: Part of the water cycle Barker et
More informationThe Hydrological Cycle. Hydrological Cycle. Definition of Terms. Soils and Water, Spring Lecture 7, The Hydrological Cycle 1
The Hydrological Cycle Water vapor helps warm up the earth Evaporation+Transpiration Chemical Spill Runoff To Oceans Water potential, atmosphere Hydrological Cycle Transpiration, T Atmospheric pool Interception
More informationWater Cycle. Are you really drinking the same water as the caveman?
Water Cycle Are you really drinking the same water as the caveman? Water Cycle Water is always on the move. Rain falling where you live may have been water in the ocean just days before. And the water
More informationGROUNDWATER BASICS SUBJECTS: TIME: MATERIALS: OBJECTIVES Math (Advanced), Science (Physics) 1 class period
9-12 GROUNDWATER BASICS SUBJECTS: Math (Advanced), Science (Physics) TIME: 1 class period MATERIALS: calculator paper pencil student sheet and figures OBJECTIVES The student will do the following: 1. Compute
More informationChapter 13: Water Resources
Aqueducts in California Grand Coolee Dam Desalinization Chapter 13: Water Resources Fresh Water on Earth Only a small fraction of Earth's water is fresh water & available for human use. Discuss with your
More informationOverview. Students will...
Overview Students will... Understand the interaction between ground water and surface water. Observe the difference between a permeable layer and an impermeable layer in an aquifer. See how water is stored
More information1/25. When the well is dry, we will know the true worth of water. Benjamin Franklin. Monday, May 16, 16
1/25 When the well is dry, we will know the true worth of water. Benjamin Franklin 1 Chapter 9 Water Resources Usable Water is Rare Continent Asia Percent of world's water resources and population 36%
More informationHow Groundwater Interacts with Lakes and Streams
How Groundwater Interacts with Lakes and Streams Ken Bradbury Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey University of Wisconsin-Extension AGI Critical Issues Webinar July 13, 2015 Groundwater basics
More informationSEES 503 SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES GROUNDWATER. Instructor. Assist. Prof. Dr. Bertuğ Akıntuğ
SEES 503 SUSTAINABLE WATER RESOURCES GROUNDWATER Instructor Assist. Prof. Dr. Bertuğ Akıntuğ Civil Engineering Program Middle East Technical University Northern Cyprus Campus SEES 503 Sustainable Water
More informationFreshwater. 260 Points Total
9 SURFACE WATER SECTION 9.1 Surface Water Movement In your textbook, read about surface water and the way in which it moves sediment. Complete each statement. (13 points) 1. An excessive amount of water
More informationThe Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater
CHAPTER 17 The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater Chapter Summary The hydrologic cycle is a flowchart or model for the distribution and movements of water on and below the surface of the Earth. The major
More informationGeol 220: GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY
Geol 220: GROUNDWATER HYDROLOGY Co-Lecturers: Dave Goorahoo and Richard Soppe Lecture 1- Introduction to Hydrology Jan 28, 2002 Outline Introductions- Lecturers Students Agreement on Class Schedule Course
More informationGLY 155 Introduction to Physical Geology, W. Altermann. Grotzinger Jordan. Understanding Earth. Sixth Edition
Grotzinger Jordan Understanding Earth Sixth Edition Chapter 17: THE HYDROLOGIC CYCLE AND GROUNDWATER 2011 by W. H. Freeman and Company Chapter 17 The Hydrologic Cycle and Groundwater 1 About the Hydrologic
More informationLecture 2: Soil Properties and Groundwater Flow
9621 Soil Remediation Engineering Lecture 2: Soil Properties and Groundwater Flow Spring 2012 Faculty of Engineering & Applied Science 1 2.1 Soil properties 2.1.1 What is soil? Each discipline defines
More informationPOROSITY, SPECIFIC YIELD & SPECIFIC RETENTION. Physical properties of
POROSITY, SPECIFIC YIELD & SPECIFIC RETENTION Porosity is the the ratio of the voids to the total volume of an unconsolidated or consolidated material. Physical properties of n = porosity as a decimal
More informationGroundwater and Groundwater Surface Water Interaction: How Does It Work?
Napa Valley Groundwater Advisory Committee February 23, 2012 Groundwater and Groundwater Surface Water Interaction: How Does It Work? Thomas Harter University of California, Davis ThHarter@ucdavis.edu
More informationFlorida Aquifer Geology
Florida Aquifer Geology September 2017 Sampler Training Workshop Thomas Seal, ES III Watershed Monitoring Section (WMS) Water Quality Assessment Program DEAR Tallahassee Aquifer Basics Essential Definitions
More informationThe Hydrological Cycle
Hydrological Cycle The Hydrological Cycle What is the Hydrological Cycle? Hydrological cycle = The Water cycle What is precipitation, evaporation and condensation? Evaporation = Liquid to Gas (gains energy)
More informationWhy Care About Contaminants in Groundwater?
Why Care About Contaminants in Groundwater? Subject/ target grade: Middle School (8 th grade) Earth Science Duration: Two 50 minute periods Setting: Classroom Materials and Equipment Needed: Per class
More informationUniversity of Arizona Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Dr. Marek Zreda. HWR431/531 - Hydrogeology Problem set #1 9 September 1998
University of Arizona Department of Hydrology and Water Resources Dr. Marek Zreda HWR431/531 - Hydrogeology Problem set #1 9 September 1998 Problem 1. Read: Chapter 1 in Freeze & Cherry, 1979. McGuiness
More informationWells To ensure a continuous supply of water, a well must penetrate below the water table. Pumping of wells can cause:
Wells To ensure a continuous supply of water, a well must penetrate below the water table. Pumping of wells can cause: Drawdown (lowering) of the water table Cone of depression in the water table Cone
More informationSpringshed Management Training Curriculum 2016 The Springs Initiative
Springshed Management Training Curriculum 2016 The Springs Initiative SESSION TITLE: Aquifers SECTION: Understanding the Resource MODULE: II. Applied Hydrogeology AUTHORS: Dr Himanshu Kulkarni CONTRIBUTING
More informationChapter 2. Reservoir Rock and Fluid Properties
Chapter 2 Reservoir Rock and Fluid Properties Table of Contents Pages 1. Introduction... 3 2. Rock and Minerals... 3 3. Porosity... 4 3.1. Porosity Classification... 6 3.2. Range of porosity values for
More information1.0 Introduction. 1.1 The Stream Depletion Issue. 1.2 Purpose of the Guidelines
Guidelines for the Assessment of Groundwater Abstraction Effects on 1.0 Introduction 1.1 The Stream Depletion Issue The management of water resources has often focussed on groundwater and surface water
More informationFlorida Aquifer Geology
Florida Aquifer Geology February 2017 Sampler Training Workshop Thomas Seal, ES III Watershed Monitoring Section (WMS) Water Quality Assessment Program DEAR Tallahassee Aquifer Basics Essential Definitions
More informationD.G.S.W. Pitakumbura Manager (Groundwater Studies) Groundwater Section NWS&DB. Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or
Groundwater Recharge and Extraction Techniques D.G.S.W. Pitakumbura Manager (Groundwater Studies) Groundwater Section NWS&DB What is Groundwater Recharge Groundwater recharge or deep drainage or deep percolation
More informationWEEK 9 ACTIVITY. Lecture (3 hours) Self Assessment. 34 slides
WEEK 9 ACTIVITY Lecture (3 hours) 34 slides Self Assessment Site Investigation (ECG513) ARM - 2009 LEARNING OUTCOMES Week 9 : (3H) Coverage : Geophysical Methods, Permeability and Ground Stress measurement.
More informationHydrosphere: Water Distribution
Hydrosphere: Water Distribution 1.Think About It Why is it that the water in your bottle could have been drunk by George Washington? 2. The Hydrosphere: An Overview The hydrosphere is ALL the water on/in/over
More informationUnderstanding the Water System
W Water Is a Natural Resource Understanding the Water System Cost WATER QUALITY in KENTUCKY The Water Cycle Figure 1. Trends in Water Withdrawals and Population, 1950 to 1995. Millions of People/Billion
More informationWater Sources. Martin Wafler, seecon international gmbh. Water Sources
Martin Wafler, seecon international gmbh 1 Copyright & Disclaimer Copy it, adapt it, use it but acknowledge the source! Copyright Included in the SSWM Toolbox are materials from various organisations and
More informationGrounding Water: An Exploration of the Unseen World Beneath Our Feet
1 Grounding Water: An Exploration of the Unseen World Beneath Our Feet Kerry Schwartz, Director, Arizona Project WET Protect Your Groundwater Day: Tuesday, September 9, 2014 What I Hope to Convey Groundwater
More informationFlorida Aquifer Geology
Florida Aquifer Geology September 2016 Sampler Training Workshop Thomas Seal, ES III Watershed Monitoring Section (WMS) Water Quality Assessment Program DEAR Tallahassee Aquifer Basics Essential Definitions
More information3/7/ Basic Types of Rocks. A Brief Review of Physics
A Brief Review of Physics Energy is the capacity to do work. Work is equal to the product of the net force applied to a fluid and the distance through which the force moves: W = F l W is work [M 2 T -2
More informationPhysiographic zones. and water quality
Southland Physiographic zones Central Plains Technical information Physiographic zones are part of the Water and Land 2020 & Beyond project that aims to maintain and improve water quality in the Southland
More informationFlorida Aquifer Geology
Florida Aquifer Geology February 2018 Sampler Training Workshop Thomas Seal, ES III Watershed Monitoring Section (WMS) Water Quality Assessment Program DEAR Tallahassee Aquifer Basics Essential Definitions
More informationWhat is the Vadose Zone? Why Do We Care? Tiffany Messer Assistant Professor Biological Systems Engineering School of Natural Resources University of
What is the Vadose Zone? Why Do We Care? Tiffany Messer Assistant Professor Biological Systems Engineering School of Natural Resources University of Nebraska-Lincoln Learning Objectives History of Vadose
More informationThe Study of Reservoir Immersion of a Hydropower Station
2017 2 nd International Conference on Architectural Engineering and New Materials (ICAENM 2017) ISBN: 978-1-60595-436-3 The Study of Reservoir Immersion of a Hydropower Station Shi You Zhang, Ai Guo Li
More informationGROUNDWATER. en.wikipedia.org Thompson Higher Education 2007; Monroe, Wicander, and Hazlett, Physical Geology TCNJ PHY GCHERMAN
GROUNDWATER www.google.com en.wikipedia.org Thompson Higher Education 2007; Monroe, Wicander, and Hazlett, Physical Geology GROUNDWATER is one of the most important geological resources for humans Worldwide
More informationgroundwater. Because watersheds are complex systems, each tends to respond differently to natural or human activities.
The private development of Altos del María is located at an altitude between 550 and 1,000 meters above sea level in the environmentally sensitive Cordillera Central of Panama that separates the Pacific
More informationDESIGN PARAMETERS FOR MULTI-PHASE EXTRACTION SYSTEMS USING UNSATURATED AND SATURATED SOIL PROPERTIES
DESIGN PARAMETERS FOR MULTI-PHASE EXTRACTION SYSTEMS USING UNSATURATED AND SATURATED SOIL PROPERTIES Todd White, M.Sc., P.Geol. and Douglas A. Sweeney, M.Sc., P.Eng. SEACOR Environmental Inc. INTRODUCTION
More informationSupplemental Guide II-Delineations
Supplemental Guide II-Delineations Contents Source Water Protection Area Delineation... 1 Delineation Criteria for Systems Using Groundwater Sources... 2 Time of Travel... 4 Flow Boundaries... 4 Delineation
More informationEART 204. Water. Dr. Slawek Tulaczyk. Earth Sciences, UCSC
EART 204 Water Dr. Slawek Tulaczyk Earth Sciences, UCSC 1 Water is an amazing liquid, (high heat capacity - particularly in phase transitions, maximum density at ca. 4 deg. C) 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Basin Hydrologic
More informationLoss Control TIPS Technical Information Paper Series
Loss Control TIPS Technical Information Paper Series Innovative Safety and Health Solutions SM Understanding Subsidence Subsidence of the land, which is defined as the loss of surface elevation due to
More information22 Tubewell Drainage Systems
22 Tubewell Drainage Systems WK Boehmer' and J Boonstra2 221 Introduction ' Tubewell drainage is a technique of controlling the watertable and salinity in agricultural areas It consists of pumping, from
More informationUK Technical Advisory Group on the Water Framework Directive
UK Technical Advisory Group on the Water Framework Directive Defining & Reporting on Groundwater Bodies This Guidance Paper is a working draft defined by the UKTAG. It documents the principles to be adopted
More informationPage 1. Name:
Name: 7574-1 - Page 1 1) The diagram below shows the result of leaving an empty, dry clay flowerpot in a full container of water for a period of time. The water level in the container dropped to level
More information9/9/ Basic Types of Rocks. Porosity of Earth Materials
3 Basic Types of Rocks Porosity of Earth Materials Igneous rocks: crystalline solids which form directly from the cooling of magma. Example: granite. Sedimentary rocks: formed from material deposited as
More informationTeacher Resources: Lesson 3: Groundwater. Lesson #3: Groundwater
Teacher Resources: Lesson 3: Groundwater Lesson #3: Groundwater Main Ideas: Accounts (From the Water Upper Anchor V. 3) Structure of Systems: Water usually exists underground in the liquid state. Macroscopic
More information