Georgia Environmental Conference Power Industry Then and Now August 23, 2013

Transcription

1 Georgia Environmental Conference Power Industry Then and Now August 23, 2013

2 Donora, PA. Oct. 29, 1948, Noon 20 Dead 7,000 Sick Pi$sburgh Post- Gaze$e Photo)

3 Cuyahoga River, OH Jun 22, 1969

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5 How Is Electricity Made 1. Generating Plants Converts water to steam, turn turbine, turning generator 2. Transmission Lines Highways of electricity transporting electricity to substations. Electrical transmission investments totaling about $3 billion. 3. Substations Sets of electrical equipment that convert the voltage for community use. 4. Distribution Power Lines Above ground or underground lines in your neighborhood. 5. Home or Business An outside transformer converts voltage for home or business usage. 5

6 EPA New Regulatory AcLons Timeline January 2013 Action MATS Final Rule MATS Rule Pre-compliance Period for existing sources MATS Rule Compliance for existing sources Criteria Pollutants (NO 2, SO 2, Ozone, PM) New or Revised NAAQS Nonattainment Areas Designated and State SIPs Developed CAIR Phase I (until new CAIR Replacement Rule) Proposed and Final CAIR RR New NAAQS SIP Compliance CAIR Phase II (until new CAIR RR) Possible Compliance w/cair RR Coal Combustion Residuals EPA Developing Final Rule Final Rule CCR Rule Pre-compliance Period CCR Rule Compliance Water 316 (b) Effluent Guidelines EPA Developing Final 316(b) Rule Final Rule Developing New Effluent Guidelines Rule 316 (b) Rule Pre-compliance Period Final Rule Effluent Guidelines Pre-compliance Period 316 (b) Rule Compliance (within 8 years of Final Rule) Effluent Guidelines Compliance Greenhouse Gases (GHGs) (Reporting Rule, Permitting, Performance Standards) EPA GHG Reporting Rule Compliance Best Available Control Technology for Modified/New Sources (PSD/NSR/BACT) Proposed Rule Developing GHG NSPS for Existing Sources Smaller Sources Included by EPA Compliance with New Source Performance Standards for New Units Proposal is trigger date - units constructed after proposal must meet the standard Compliance with Existing Final Rule & State Plans Pre-compliance Unit GHG Rules 6

7 80% Georgia Power Emissions Trends 60% 40% Population Up over 50% 20% 0% -20% -40% CO2 Down 34% -60% -80% Hg Down more than 75% NOx Down more than 85% SO 2 Down more than 90% -100%

8 Environmental Rules Impacting Power Plants Georgia Multipollutant Rule SCRs, Scrubbers, and Baghouses on specific units by specified dates Mercury and Air Toxics Standard (MATS) Additional controls for mercury and other emissions required by 2015 National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) Potential reductions of NOx & SO2 emissions expected between Greenhouse Gas Standards (GHG) / Global Climate Issues CO 2 emission limitations on new coal-fired power plants expected in 2013 Cooling Water Intake Structure Final Rule 316(b) Entrainment and Impingement, Regulatory Action due November 4, 2013 Effluent Limitation Guidelines (ELG) Potential additional wastewater treatment facilities expected by

9 Mercury & Air Toxics Standards (MATS) Overview Applies to all coal- & oil-fired electric generating units (boilers) Sets emission limits for mercury, acid gases, and particulate matter Compliance required by April 16, 2015 Georgia EPD can grant a 1-year extension U.S. EPA can grant an additional limited 1-year for a "documented reliability concern 9

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11 Mercury & Air Toxics Standards (MATS) Overview (continued) Startup, Shutdown Provision June 25, 2013 EPA Published in Federal Register Re-opening comment period, seeking comments on: MATS Startup, Shutdown Definitions and Requirements Additional Technical Analysis Conducted by EPA Related to Startup/Shutdown Comment Period likely to end, August 26,

12 National Ambient Air Quality Standards EPA sets National standards based on impacts to human health and the environment Areas not meeting these air quality standards are non-attainment Non-attainment areas must reduce emissions to improve air quality New rules recently finalized or expected for ozone, particulate matter, SO2, and NO2 standards Potential for new compliance requirements between 2017 to

13 Greenhouse Gas Standards Proposed in 2012, expected to be finalized in April 13, 2013 (Missed) Applies to new coal-fired power plants and new natural gas-fired combined cycle plants Sets a fuel-neutral CO2 emission limit based on the emissions typical of a natural gas-fired combined cycle plant Global Climate Issues June 25, 2013, the Administration directed EPA to issue: A revised proposed rule addressing new fossil fuel fired electric generating units by September 20, 2013, and proposed regulations for existing, modified and reconstructed electric generating units by June 1, On July 12, 2013, DC Circuit Vacated Biomass Combustion 3-Year Deferral of CO2 emissions from 2014 to now The proposed rule sets a fuel-neutral standard, meaning that coal-fired units must meet the same emission limit as natural gas-fired units. The proposed limit is based on the emissions characteristics of a natural gas-fired unit. Thus, a coal unit would require carbon capture and sequestration to meet the standard. 13

14 Cooling Water Intake Structure Final Rule 316(b) Based on 3 rd Amendment between EPA & the Riverkeeper signed on June 27, 2013, Regulatory action moved from June 27, 2013 to November 4, Clean Water Act requires that NPDES permits for facilities with cooling water intake structures ensure that the location, design, construction, and capacity of the structures reflect the best available technology (BAT) to minimize harmful impacts on the environment. Focuses on Entrainment and Impingement of aquatic organisms. Extension needed to Complete consultation under the Endangered Species Act that EPA has requested prior to finalizing the standards. 14

15 Effluent Limitations Guidelines Overview Proposed April 19, 2013, Published June 7, 2013, comments due by September 20, Expected to be signed by court-ordered deadline of May 22, 2014 Applies to coal-fired power plants discharges: FGD wastewater, Fly Ash Transport Water, Bottom Ash Transport Water, Combustion Residual Leachate, Non-chemical Metal Cleaning Wastes, and Wastewater from Flue Gas Mercury Control System and IGCC gasification systems. EPA Proposed 8 Options with 4 Preferred Options, EPA Prefers Option 4a Compliance Deadline: Applies on a date determined by the permitting authority that is as soon as possible when the next permit is issued beginning July 1, 2017 (approx. 3 years from the rule s effective date) 15

16 What s on the Horizon Coal Combustion Byproducts/ Coal Combustion Residuals (CCB/CCR); NODA issued August 2, 2013, Comments Due September 2, 2013 Endangered Species Listing Petition Reviews; 374 Potentially Listed Species Complete Major Ongoing Construction Projects as Scheduled 16

17 Southern Company Research Second Largest U.S. Solar * U.S. First New Nuclear Na=onal Carbon Capture Center Integrated Gasifica=on Combined Cycle Water Research Center Largest U.S. Biomass Mercury Research Center Start- to- finish 25 MW CCS

18 Two units: 1,117 MW each * U.S. First New Nuclear Technology: Westinghouse AP1000 Location: Waynesboro, Ga. When completed, Vogtle 1-4: Will be the largest nuclear energy facility in U.S. Will power 1+ million homes and businesses Heavy Lift Derrick: 560 feet high, 10 feet taller than Washington Monument Volume of concrete: build a sidewalk 3,375 miles long stretching from Miami to Seattle

19 Yucca Mountain

20 QUESTIONS???