Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant Project at Fort George, Mauritius

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1 Combined Cycle Gas Turbine Power Plant Project at Fort George, Mauritius CONTENTS Chapter Description Page 1 NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARY 17 1 INTRODUCTION 18 2 PROPOSED PROJECT IN FORT GEORGE 18 3 METHODOLOGY CONSULTATIONS ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL BASELINE 21 4 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT AIR QUALITY NOISE ECOSYSTEM WATER SUPPLY INDUSTRIAL AND HAZARDOUS WASTES-WATER DISCHARGE SOCIO ECONOMIC 23 5 CONCLUSION 25 2 INTRODUCTION 26 1 INTRODUCTION 27 2 MAIN OBJECTIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT 27 3 METHOD OF ASSESSMENT 28 4 PROMOTER, ASSISTANCE TO THE CONTRACTING AUTHORITY AND ESIA PRACTITIONER CENTRAL ELECTRICITY BOARD THE PROMOTER ELECTRICITÉ DE FRANCE SA, ASSISTANCE TO THE CONTRACTING AUTHORITY BIOTOPE SAS, ESIA PRACTITIONER 31 3 LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK 32 1 INTRODUCTION ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT PROCESS The Environment Protection Acts (EPA) 1991 and 2002 amended in LAWS OF LAND USE Land Registration Act of ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION REGULATION AND STANDARD: PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT (AIR, WATER, ETC.) Control of Noise Regulation environmental regulation

2 1.3.2 Environmental standards of noise environmental standards 2003 and amended 2008 n Environmental standards for air Environmental standards for Effluent Discharge 2003 and amended in Standards for Effluent Discharge into Ocean Standards for Hazardous Wastes- GN N 157 of Collection, Storage, Treatment, Use and disposal of Waste Oil regulation GN n 208 of ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION REGULATION AND STANDARD: FAUNA AND FLORA Wildlife and National Parks Act 1993 replaced by the act of 2015 about native terrestrial biodiversity and national parks Act Laws on terrestrial biodiversity - Plant Protection Act SOCIO ECONOMIC ASPECTS / HEALTH AND SAFETY REGULATIONS AND OBLIGATIONS Employment Rights Act n 33 of 2008 updated as at Noise at Work (OSHA - Occupational Safety, Health Act of 2005 updated in 2013 and regulations National Disaster Reduction and Management Act National Heritage Fund Act of 2003 (Act No 40 of 2003) 40 4 PROJECT JUSTIFICATION AND ALTERNATIVES CONSIDERED 41 1 INTRODUCTION 42 2 NEED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT ENERGY REQUIREMENTS PROVIDERS OF ELECTRICITY The Central Electricity Board (CEB) The Independent Power Producers (IPPs) (Source: Statistics Mauritius) Power station in Mauritius Stakeholder mapping 45 3 PROJECT ALTERNATIVES NO PROJECT OPTION PROJECT OPTION Technology alternatives Site alternative Site selection Fuel alternatives explored for the CCGT 48 4 CONCLUSION 48 5 PROJECT DESCRIPTION 49 1 INTRODUCTION 50 2 PROJECT SITE 50

3 3 GENERAL CONFIGURATION OF THE CCGT COMBINED CYCLE TECHNOLOGY ADOPTED MAIN COMPONENTS Gas (Combustion) turbine Steam turbine Heat recovery steam generators MAIN RESOURCE REQUIREMENTS Diesel Fuel Oil (DFO) Natural Gas Raw water CCGT PROCESS General process diagram TYPICAL SCOPE OF WORK Mechanical Electrical Civil CCGT STRUCTURES, BUILDINGS AND OTHER SYSTEM Turbine halls, CCR and associated building, gatehouse Effluent and Waste Treatment Facility 60 4 CONCLUSION 62 6 AIR QUALITY 63 1 INTRODUCTION 64 2 BASELINE METHODOLOGY AIR MEASUREMENT MONITORING CAMPAIGN AIR QUALITY MODELING Scenarios for the Modeling of Atmospheric Dispersion Dispersion model configuration 74 3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENT TOPOGRAPHY LAND USE COASTAL INFLUENCE METEOROLOGY General Weather conditions Wind speed and direction Temperature Rain Atmospheric stability 79

4 3.5 MONITORING CAMPAIGN S RESULTS Nitrogen dioxide content Sulphur dioxide content Benzene content PM10 content COMPARISON BETWEEN MONITORING CAMPAIGN S RESULTS AND REGULATED THRESHOLDS OTHER MONITORING STUDIES 89 4 PREDICTED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 90 5 IMPACT ASSESSMENT DUST AND OTHER PARTICLES GASEOUS POLLUTANT EMISSION (CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT AND VEHICLES) AIR POLLUTANTS EMITTED BY THE CCGT POWER PLANT STACK EMISSION EMITTED BY GAS TURBINES AND FUME FROM CHIMNEYS 95 6 CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSTRUCTION PHASE OPERATIONAL PHASE 96 7 MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE OPERATIONAL PHASE 97 8 CONCLUSION 97 7 NOISE 99 1 INTRODUCTION BASELINE METHODOLOGY NOISE MEASUREMENT Noise measurement Point Noise measurement 1P+6P Noise measurement 2P+4P Noise measurement 3P+5P NOISE MODELING PRINCIPLES AND PARAMETERS OF CALCULATION BASELINE ENVIRONMENT LOCATION OF NOISE SENSORS NOISE MEASUREMENT RESULTS IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS IMPACT ASSESSMENT NOISE CAUSED BY CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES NOISE GENERATED BY TRUCK TRANSPORT NOISE ASSOCIATED WITH PLANT EQUIPMENT 110

5 5.3.1 Location and sound power level of the noise sources Noise impact at operational stage NOISE IMPACT ACCORDING TO STAKEHOLDER S CONSULTATION CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSTRUCTION PHASE OPERATIONAL PHASE MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE OPERATIONAL PHASE RESIDUAL IMPACT CONCLUSION SOIL QUALITY INTRODUCTION BASELINE METHODOLOGY IDENTIFICATION OF PAST ACTIVITIES SAMPLING METHODOLOGY SAMPLE ANALYSIS BASELINE ENVIRONMENT SAMPLING LOCATION PAST ACTIVITIES POTENTIAL SOIL POLLUTANTS ANALYTICAL RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION Analytical results Interpretation IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS IMPACT ASSESSMENT INDUSTRIAL CHEMICALS SPILLAGE (ORGANIC AND INORGANICS CHEMICALS) ACCIDENT OIL OR FUEL SPILLS WASTEWATER AND SOLID WASTE GENERATION CONTAMINATION FROM MOVING SOIL CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSTRUCTION PHASE OPERATIONAL PHASE MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE OPERATIONAL PHASE RESIDUAL IMPACTS CONCLUSION 132

6 9 FAUNA AND FLORA INTRODUCTION BASELINE METHODOLOGY FAUNA AND FLORA SURVEYS BASELINE ENVIRONMENT FLORISTIC COMPOSITION OF THE SITE LIST OF ALL PLANT SPECIES IDENTIFIED ON THE SURVEY SITE AND THEIR STATUS DISCUSSION: FINDING ON BIODIVERSITY FAUNISTIC COMPOSITION OF THE SITE DISCUSSION: FINDINGS ON BIODIVERSITY IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS IMPACT ASSESSMENT HABITAT LOSS (CONSTRUCTION PHASE) SPECIES AND INDIVIDUAL PLANT LOSS (CONSTRUCTION PHASE) COMPETITION BETWEEN NATIVE AND INTRODUCED SPECIES (OPERATIONAL PHASE) CUMULATIVE IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS MITIGATION MEASURE AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE OPERATIONAL PHASE RESIDUAL IMPACTS CONCLUSION CONSULTATIONS INTRODUCTION CONSULTATION PROCESS STATUTORY CONSULTATIONS RELEVANT STAKEHOLDERS NEAR THE PROJECT SITE PUBLIC PARASTATAL BODIES IN THE PORT NON-PORT BASED STAKEHOLDERS Central Electricity Board CEB National Heritage Fund NHF National Park Conservation Service (NPCS) Ministry of Fisheries The Mauritius Oceanography Institute (MOI) PUBLIC CONSULTATIONS TRADE UNIONS: RESIDENTS: PRIVATE LARGE OPERATORS 154

7 11 SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT INTRODUCTION BASELINE METHODOLOGY PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION REFERENCE BIBLIOGRAPHIES/ SOURCE OF DATA COLLECTED ANALYSIS OF ENERGY DEMAND WITH THE PERSPECTIVE TO HIGHLIGHT THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF THE PROJECT BASELINE ENVIRONMENT POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC Population and Population growth Population distribution ECONOMIC ACTIVITY SECTOR National context Economic landscape of Port-Louis Historical sites in Port area IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS IMPACT ASSESSMENT JOB CREATION ELECTRICITY PRODUCTION HEALTH AND SAFETY ISSUES IMPACT ON THE NEIGHBOURING HERITAGE SITE CUMULATIVE IMPACT CONSTRUCTION PHASE OPERATIONAL PHASE Increase in traffic congestion MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING PLANS MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE OPERATIONAL PHASE RESIDUAL IMPACTS CONCLUSION OTHER ISSUES INTRODUCTION WATER POLLUTION IDENTIFICATION OF POTENTIAL IMPACTS IMPACT ASSESSMENT Water consumption Change on sea water quality MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE CONSTRUCTION PHASE 171

8 2.4 MITIGATION MEASURES AND MONITORING ACTIONS DURING THE OPERATIONAL PHASE HAZARD ANALYSIS AND SAFETY MEASURES INTRODUCTION HAZARD ANALYSIS AND SAFETY MEASURES FIRE AND EXPLOSION Fire incident prevention Fire protection equipment FIRE AND GAS DETECTION, EXPLOSION HAZARDS OIL AND HAZARDOUS MATERIAL SPILLS List of emergency equipment NATURAL GAS RELEASE WASTE WATER TREATMENT SYSTEM CONFIGURATION OF THE 66KV NETWORK The 66 kv network EARTHING GRID UNDERGROUND SERVICES LIGHTNING AND CATHODIC PROTECTION GENERAL SECURITY INDOOR MATERIAL STORAGE AREAS COMMUNITY HEALTH AND SAFETY ELECTRICAL HAZARDS NOISE ACCIDENT AND FATALITY RATES NATURAL DISASTER CONTINGENCY EMERGENCY RESPONSE MANAGEMENT PLAN INTRODUCTION PURPOSE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY ACCOMPANYING PLANS & PROCEDURES EMERGENCY RESPONSE ORGANIZATION PREVENTION OF EMERGENCIES DISCOVERY GENERAL NOTIFICATION GENERAL NOTIFICATION PREVENTION THROUGH MITIGATION MEASURES MEDICAL SURVEILLANCE PREPAREDNESS 190

9 3.1 DESIGN EQUIPMENT TRAINING AND EXERCISES ONSITE EMERGENCY EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES EMERGENCY RESPONSE SCENARIOS Pollution incident Fire and explosion Emergency procedures for Natural Gas leak Emergency procedures for severe weather Local area evacuation plan RECOVERY CLEANUP FOLLOW UP ACTIONS ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT MONITORING PLAN INTRODUCTION PROPOSED MONITORING AIR QUALITY MONITORING MONITORING OF WATER DISCHARGE NOISE MONITORING HANDLING AND STORAGE OF CHEMICAL AND WASTES STAFF TRAINING CONCLUSION 202

10 List of appendices Appendix 1 : minutes of meetings with stakeholders Appendix 2 : biological inventory results Appendix 3 : schematic map of ward 6 of Port louis Appendix 4 : soil sampling map and lab results Appendix 5 : air quality modeling results Appendix 6 : Fort George site plan List of maps Map 1 CCGT Fort George project location site - Mauritius Map 2 Site location and its surrounding Map 3 Location of measurement sites Map 4 Survey - Nitrogen dioxyde content Map 5 Survey - Sulphur dioxide content Map 6 Survey - Benzene content Map 7 Survey - PM10 content Map 8 Sulphur dioxide content - FGPS on HFO - Annual average - Exceeding limits value of 50 µg/m Map 9 location of Terminalia bentzoë ssp. mauritiana Map 10 Distance from project site to historical and cultural heritage site Map 11 Configuration of 66 kv network List of figures Figure 1 The basic principles of operation of a typical combined cycle power plant 20 Figure 2 Generation of electricity by CEB and IPP (export to CEB), Figure 3 Stakeholder Mapping of Electricity 46 Figure 4 Additional plot of land at Fort George from MPA 53 Figure 5 Combustion gas turbine fundamental structure 55 Figure 6 CCGT process (Source EDF, edited by Biotope) 58 Figure 7 Site configuration (Source : EDF 2017)) 62 Figure 8 Passive sampler and its especially designed protection shelter (Source: Passam ag) 68 Figure 9 Sketch of the passive sampler and its schematic installation in the especially designed protective shelter (Source: Passam ag) 69 Figure 10 Sketch, illustration and the benzene sampler application using the optimized protective shelter (Source: Passam ag) 69 Figure 11 Sigma-2 passive sampler (Source : Passam ag) 69 Figure 12 Characterization of the measured particulates in order to allocate them to the specific source (Source: Passam ag) 70

11 Figure 13 : wind direction and speed 5 years statistics 79 Figure 14 Nitrogen dioxide - Distribution of measured contents 82 Figure 15a Sulphur dioxide content - Distribution of measured contents 84 Figure 15b Sulphur dioxide content - Distribution of measured contents 84 Figure 16 Benzene content - Distribution of measured contents 86 Figure 17 PM10 content - Distribution of measured contents 88 Figure 18 View of buildings used in noise modeling North-West view 107 Figure 19 View of buildings used in noise modeling East view 107 Figure 20 Location of the noise sensitive receptors 108 Figure 21 : Location of the noise sources 113 Figure 22 : Map of noise level 115 Figure 23a : Map of noise level with acoustic attenuation 116 Figure 23b : Map of noise level with acoustic attenuation 116 Figure 24 Sampling locations 124 Figure 25 Key stakeholders in the Port area 152 Figure 26 Ages structure of Port Louis resident 161 Figure 27 Gross Domestic Product breakdown (2015) source: Statistics Mauritius 163 Figure 28 Electricity Generation 2016 (GWh) 165 Figure 29 Contingency activation synoptic (Source: EGIS, 2017 in risk assessment study) 188

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